BMP-2 Dependent Increase of Soft Tissue Density in Arthrofibrotic TKA

Arthrofibrosis after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is difficult to treat, as its aetiology remains unclear. In a previous study, we established a connection between the BMP-2 concentration in the synovial fluid and arthrofibrosis after TKA. The hypothesis of the present study was, therefore, that the limited range of motion in arthrofibrosis is caused by BMP-2 induced heterotopic ossifications, the quantity of which is dependent on the BMP-2 concentration in the synovial fluid

The valuation of olive orchards: A case study for Turkey

Valuation of orchards is an important issue in condemnation, taxation, loan, insurance, inheritance, and purchase-sale cases. The approach to be used for orchards may vary according to the purpose of appraisal, age of the establishment, obtainable data, and according to the current regulations. In this study, land and tree values of olive orchards in a selected region from Turkey were determined by the periodic income capitalization approach. For this aim, four villages were selected and data was collected from 55 farmers selected randomly. While determining the value of the olive orchards with trees, past values approach was used. The capitalization rate for the income capitalization approach was determined as 5.32%. The value of bare land of olive orchards over periodic net income was calculated to be $19,684.87/ha. Tree values per hectare varied between$ 9,189.86 and$16,768.13 according to tree ages

Pesticide safety risk management in high value chains : the case of Turkey and Morocco

Deliverable D16. Projet FP7 : SUSTAINMED - Sustainable agri-food systems and rural development in the Mediterranean Partner Countries.International audienceFresh produce pesticides safety risks have grown during the last twenty years, into a major concern of north European consumers and governments. Although Mediterranean Partner Countries (MPC) consumers are not yet very demanding as regards to fresh produce safety, risks are significant and increasingly taken into consideration by MPC local governments and modern food chain operators. Product standards (Maximum Residue Limits) and more recently process standards (Good Agricultural Practices, GAP) have turned into the most efficient solution to control and reduce the level of pesticides on fresh produce. Defined by a variety of public and private actors, they are implemented and controlled at different levels of the chain by public and private actors as well. Accordingly, safety control has turned into a key issue for the development of MPC fresh produce export and local markets. Task 4 of Work Package 5 expands on safety control issues and give insights into how MPC fresh fruits and vegetables chains organise to comply with private and public, national and international safety standards and thus get access to export and modern domestic markets. The deliverable deals with food safety control in the MPCs or more precisely pesticide safety risk management in high value chains of Morocco and Turkey. More precisely, it aims at identifying and analyzing: the diversity of management schemes implemented by local growers to comply with public and private standards, both in the export and domestic high value chains; the economic, organisational, and institutional drivers of the diffusion of those standards in MPCs; the individual determinants of the adoption of specific pest management patterns and farm product certification

Règlementation et régulation privée des risques sanitaires dans les filières de produits frais : le cas du Maroc et de la Turquie

International audienceFresh produce chemical contamination through pesticides spreading may be considered as a minor risk for consumer health. As a result, high proportion of safety control may be delegated by public agencies to the private sector. Private control is even higher when fresh produce are sold to safety demanding consumers given the high exposure of retailers' comercial reputation. Performed within the framework of the European project Sustainmed, our paper is a case study of the public and private management and control of the safety risk and its determinants in the fresh produce industry of two contrasted mediterranean countries: Morocco and Turkey. Based on expert interviews and face to face surveys of a high number of tomato growers, it provides insights into the factors influencing the role of the different players in the management and control of the safety risk. A clear divide is made between the individual parameters at the grower and shipping levels and the country parameters at the industry and institutional levels. Both categories of parameters significantly influence the level of safety management at the production level (IPM schemes and GAP certificates) and help understand the respective contributions of public and private actors in the safety risk management of the whole system