FERTILISATION STRATEGIES ACROSS EUROPE: CURRENT SITUATION, POTENTIAL AND LIMITS FOR A HARMONISED APPROACH

Peer reviewe

The direct depressant effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on spontaneous contractions of isolated gravid rat myometrium

Our purpose was to investigate the direct depressant effects of desflurane and sevoflurane at 0.5, 1 and 2 minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) on spontaneous contractions of isolated gravid rat myometrium. Ten gravid, albino Wistar rats, weighing 240-310 g and at 19-20 days' gestation were used. Sixty myometrial strips were obtained from 10 rats, and randomly assigned into six groups of 10. After obtaining spontaneous myometrial contractions in de Jalon solution for 45 min, 0.5, 1 or 2 MAC of desflurane or sevoflurane were continuously bubbled in the bath for 15 min and myometrial contractions evaluated during the last 10 min. Desflurane 0.5 MAC did not affect duration or amplitude of spontaneous contractions, but frequency was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Duration, amplitude and frequency were all significantly decreased by desflurane I and 2 MAC (P < 0.05). Sevoflurane did not affect duration, amplitude or frequency at 0.5 MAC, but amplitude and frequency were significantly decreased at I MAC and all were significantly decreased at 2 MAC (P < 0.05). The frequency of contractions was decreased 21.2% with 1 MAC desflurane versus 17.1% with I MAC sevoflurane. The amplitude and frequency of contractions were decreased 48.2% and 48.7% with 2 MAC desflurane versus 58.9% and 49.3% with 2 MAC sevoflurane, respectively. We suggest that due to tocolytic activity, desflurane and sevoflurane can be useful in non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Inhibitory effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on contractions of isolated gravid rat myometrium under oxytocin stimulation

Background: We studied the inhibitory effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on oxytocin-induced contractions of isolated gravid rat myometrium

Inhibitory effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on oxytocin-induced contractions of isolated pregnant human myometrium

Background: In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on oxytocin-induced contractions of isolated human myometrium

Near-critical and supercritical fluid extraction of industrial sewage sludge

WOS: 000244000400008In this study, conversion of treating sludge from the wastewater treatment facility of a petrochemical plant to liquid hydrocarbons under near-critical and supercritical conditions was investigated by using water and toluene as solvent. Near- and supercritical water extraction (SCWE) of sewage sludge was studied at temperatures of 350-450 degrees C and pressures of 21.5-30 MPa. Near- and supercritical toluene extraction (SCTE) of sewage sludge was studied at temperatures of 300-450 degrees C and pressures of 8.5-20 MPa. The studies were performed with different solvent/sludge ratios (3, 1.5, and 1) for 1 h, and the optimum solvent/sludge ratio was found to be 1; it was also the value at which the highest total product yield was obtained. The results revealed that total product yield increased with increasing temperature. The yields of liquids, noncondensable gases, and residue were determined for each extraction run. The liquid yields for SCWE and SCTE were found in the range of 42.0-44.4 and 44.9-28.5 wt %, respectively. The gas yields for SCWE and SCTE were found in the range of 15.3-20.4 and 8.9-30.2 wt %, respectively. Gas products consisted mainly of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, and C2-C4 compounds