2-{[(4-{[(2-Hydroxyphenyl)(phenyl)methylidene]amino}butyl)imino](phenyl) methyl}phenol.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C 30H 28N 2O 2, comprises half of a potential tetra-dentate Schiff base ligand; an inversion centre is situtated at the center of the butane-diamine spacer. The central methylene segment of the diamine spacer is disordered over two positions with a refined siteoccupancy ratio of 0.651 (7):0.349 (7). The phenyl ring and the hydroxysubstituted benzene ring are almost perpendicular to each other, with a dihedral angle of 87.90 (8) Å. intramolecular O - H⋯N hydrogen bonds make S(6) ring motifs

4-Bromo-2-[(E)-(2-{2-[(2-{[(E)-5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzylidene]amino}phenyl)sulfanyl]ethylsulfanyl}phenyl)iminomethyl]phe-nol.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C28H22Br2N2O2S2, comprises half of a Schiff base ligand, the whole mol­ecule being generated by a crystallographic inversion center located at the mid-point of the C—C bond of the central methyl­ene segment. Intra­molecular O—H⋯N and O—H⋯S hydrogen bonds make S(6) and S(5) ring motifs, respectively. In the crystal, there are no significant inter­molecular inter­actions

{4,4'-Dimethyl-2,2'-[2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diylbis(nitrilomethanylylidene)]diphenolato}copper(II) monohydrate.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Cu(C21H24N2O2)]·H2O, comprises half of a Schiff base complex and half of a water mol­ecule. The whole compound is generated by crystallographic twofold rotation symmetry. The geometry around the CuII atom, located on a twofold axis, is distorted square-planar, which is supported by the N2O2 donor atoms of the coordinating Schiff base ligand. The dihedral angle between the symmetry-related benzene rings is 47.5 (4)°. In the crystal, the water mol­ecule that is hydrogen bonded to the coordinated O atoms links the mol­ecules via O—H⋯O inter­actions into chains parallel to [001]. The crystal structure is further stabilized by C—H⋯π inter­actions, and by π–π inter­actions involving inversion-related chelate rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.480 (4) Å]

Bis(dimethylformamide-κO){4,4′,6,6′-tetrachloro-2, 2-[butane-1,4-diyl(nitrilomethanylylidene)]diphenolato-κ4O,N, N′,O′}nickel(II).

In the title Schiff base complex, [Ni(C18H14Cl 4N2O2)(C3H7NO) 2], the geometry around the NiII atom is distorted octahedral. It is coordinated by the N2O2 donor atoms of the tetradentate Schiff base ligand and the O atoms of two dimethylformamide molecules, which are cis to one another. The benzene rings are almost normal to each other [dihedral angle = 88.60 (14)°]. The various intramolecular C - H⋯O hydrogen bonds make S(5) and S(6) ring motifs. In the crystal, molecules are linked by pairs of weak C - H⋯Cl interactions, forming inversion dimers. © 2012 International Union of Crystallography

Chronic effects of hydro-alcoholic artemisia absinthium extract on the liver enzymes and tissue changes of adult mal rat

Artemisia absinthium has many pharmacological effects, but toxic effects of it, were seen on nervous system and liver. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the chronic effects of different doses of Artemisia absinthium extract on the enzymes and histopathological changes of the liver tissue of adult normal male rat. Method and materials: In this experimental study, forty eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 8 as follows: Control, sham (recipient of distilled water) and 4 experimental groups that received Artemisia absinthium hydro- alcoholic extract at doses of 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg intraperitoneally.The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan post hoc tests. P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: After 8 weeks, doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg could significantly reduce amount of ALT, AST and ALP. Dose of 1000 mg/kg increased ALT, AST and ALP. From the standpoint of histopathological study, doses of 125, 250 and 500 Artemisia absinthium had no significant side effect on liver tissue, but 1000 mg/kg caused destruction of liver cell membranes, enlargement of sinusoidal space, sporadic leukocyte infiltration, Kupffer cells hypertrophy, and vascular congestion.Conclusion: Maximum dose of Artemisia absinthium extract (1000 mg/kg) increased liver enzymes and destroy liver tissues of normal male rats.Keywords: Artemisia Absinthium, Enzymes, Histopathology, Liver, Ra

Aqua{4,4′,6,6′-tetra­chloro-2,2′-[(2,2-di­methylpropane-1,3-diyl)bis­(nitrilomethanylyl­idene)]diphenolato}zinc.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Zn(C19H16Cl4N2O2)(H2O)], comprises two crystallographically independent mol­ecules. The geometry around the ZnII atoms is distorted trigonal–bipyramidal, supported by the N2O2 donor atoms of the tetradentate Schiff base and a coordinating water mol­ecule. The dihedral angles between the benzene rings in the two mol­ecules are 34.10 (15) Å and 30.61 (15) Å. In the crystal, neighbouring independent mol­ecules are linked by pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming dimers with R22(6) ring motifs, and by O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. There are short Cl⋯Cl [3.4728 (16), 3.4863 (16), and 3.388 (1) Å] contacts present, and mol­ecules are also linked by C—H⋯O and π–π [centroid–centroid distance = 3.671 (2) Å] inter­actions

Prevalence and risk factors of complication of endotracheal extubation in teaching hospitals affiliated with Jahrom University of medical science

Endotracheal intubation is to maintain a safe open airway to prevent pulmonary aspiration by administrating general anesthesia. Endotracheal tube, as a foreign body, can stimulate the patients’ airway during the emergence from general anesthesia and cause various reactions and complications immediately or within a multi-day delay.The present study intended to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of the complications of endotracheal extubation (removal of endotracheal tube / ETT) within 24 hrs. since the surgery. To this end, a descriptive research was conducted on 200 adult candidates for elective and emergency surgery of endotracheal intubation by administrating general anesthesia. Data about the intended associated risk factors and complications were respectively collected in operating room (OR) and within 24 hrs. since surgery and were recorded in the questionnaire. The results indicated that the prevalent complications were sore throat (%21), cough (%12.5) and hoarseness (%15.5). There was not any case of dysphagia and bloody sputum (blood-streaked expectorant). Also, there was a significant relationship between sore throat and the type of surgery (P˂0.001). On the other hand, there was not any statistically significant relationship between sore throat and other associated risk factors (sex, age, weight, type of surgery and size of endotracheal tube). Likewise, not any significant relationship was observed between cough, hoarseness and the intended risk factors. To conclude, the present study found that the type of surgery has a significant effect on the incidence of sore throat within 24 hrs. since the surgical operation; thus, raising awareness of these risk factors and taking proper actions, particularly during intubation, can reduce the incidence of complications, in particular sore throat, and improve patients’ satisfaction.Keywords: General Anesthesia; Intubation; Complication