Finding Larger Transnational Media Markets : Media Practices of the Vietnamese Diasporic Community

Addressing a concern about the absence of Vietnamese migrants in the Czech media landscape, this chapter first reviews various life contexts of the different Vietnamese populations in the Czech Republic (CR) and then discusses how they have generally lacked participation in the Czech media landscape because of their adoption of transnational media practices. This study also demonstrates how the diasporic community has failed to establish a conventional form of diasporic media but instead has found new translocal information outlets on social media. While the old and new first generations have relied more on media outlets from their country of origin, young migrant children have explored media markets beyond the binational border. However, Vietnamese migrants have recently begun to use social media platforms as networked information outlets, reaching a variety of communities and media outlets located in the CR, Vietnam and their own diasporic community

Variations in adolescents’ motivational characteristics across gender and physical activity patterns: A latent class analysis approach

Abstract Background Neglecting to take account of the underlying context or type of physical activity (PA) that underpins overall involvement has resulted in a limited understanding of adolescents’ PA participation. The purpose of the present research was to identify male and female adolescents’ leisure time PA patterns and examine whether psychological processes derived from self-determination theory differ as a function of the pattern of PA undertaken. Methods Nine hundred ninety-five students (61.2% females, 38.8% males; M age = 13.72 years, SD = 1.25) from eight secondary schools in Dublin, Ireland completed a physical activity recall 7 day diary and measures of intrinsic motivation, competence, relatedness, autonomy and autonomy support. Based on the diary five binary indicators of physical activity were derived reflecting recommended levels of MVPA on a minimum of 3 days, at least three sessions of non-organized physical activity (e.g. jog), team sport, individual sport, and organized non-sport physical activity (e.g. dance). Latent class analysis was used to identify subgroups of adolescents that engaged in similar patterns of physical activity. Profiles of physical activity participation were subsequently compared on motivational characteristics using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results Latent class analysis revealed six distinct classes for girls (Organized Run/Swim & Dance/Gym; Organized Dance; Leisure Active Team Sport; Active Individual Sport; Walk/Run/Outdoor games; Non-Participation) and five for boys (Leisure Active Gym; Leisure Active Individual Sport; Active Team Sport; Active Mixed Type; Non-Participation). Significant differences were found between the classes. Girls characterized by participation in team or individual sport, and boys represented by team sport participation demonstrated significantly higher self-determined motivational characteristics relative to other profiles of physical activity. Conclusion This research offers a nuanced insight into the underlying type of activities that constitute overall patterns of PA among adolescent boys and girls and further reveals that psychological processes vary dependent on the profile of physical activity undertaken. The findings may be useful for informing interventions aimed at promoting physical activity among young people

Youth athletes’ perception of autonomy support from the coach, peer motivational climate and intrinsic motivation in sport setting: One-year effects

Objectives: Grounded in self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985) and achievement goal theory (AGT; Nicholls, 1989), the present study examined the temporal stability and reciprocal relationships among three key variables related to motivation: perceived autonomy support from the coach, task-involving peer motivational climates, and athletes’ intrinsic motivation. Design: A prospective longitudinal design with data collected on two occasions one year apart over the course of a youth training season. Method: Young athletes (N = 362, age range 11–16 years) completed measures of the Sport Climate Questionnaire and the Peer Motivational Climate in Youth Sport Questionnaire. One-year later participants completed these questionnaires again along with the Sport Motivation Scale. Results: Structural equation modeling indicated that perceived autonomy support from the coach and task-involving peer motivational climates exhibited comparatively high stability over a one-year period. In cross-lagged analyses, perceived autonomy support from the coach positively predicted task-involving peer climate one-year later but not vice versa. In addition, both social factors demonstrated a significant direct effect on athletes intrinsic motivation measured concurrently in sport contexts. Further, an alternative structural model supported a longitudinal direct effect of autonomy support from the coach and task-involving peer climate measured on the first occasion on subsequent intrinsic motivation. Conclusion: Results demonstrated the value of perceived autonomy support from the coach and task-involving peer motivational climate in predicting athletes’ intrinsic motivation over a training year. Findings also suggest that perceived autonomy support from the coach can facilitate later task-involving peer motivational climate

Peer influence on young athletes’ need satisfaction, intrinsic motivation and persistence in sport: A 12-month prospective study

Objective: Previous studies have shown that peer-created motivational climate greatly influences youth athletes’ motivation and other adaptive outcomes. The purpose of this study was to test a motivational model of persistence in sport that incorporates perceived peer motivational climate from achievement goal theory [Nicholls, J.G. (1989). The competitive ethos and democratic education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press] and basic psychological needs and intrinsic motivation from self-determination theory [Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behaviour. New York: Plenum]. Design: This study used a prospective design assessing youth team-sport athletes’ persistence behaviour in sport over the course of one year. Method: A sample of 424 Estonian team-sport athletes (Mage = 13.19; SD = 1.56) completed the Peer Motivational Climate in Youth Sport Questionnaire, the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale, and the Sport Motivation Scale. Results: A structural equation model demonstrated that youth athletes’ task-involving peer motivational climate indirectly influenced their intrinsic motivation and persistence in sport via their perceived need satisfaction of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Task-oriented peer motivational climate was the only significant distal predictor of intrinsic motivation and sport persistence among the athletes. Conclusion: The findings underline the importance of peer-created motivational climate on youth sport persistence.No Full Tex

A custom built lathe designed for in operando high-energy x-ray studies at industrially relevant cutting parameters

We present a custom built lathe designed for in operando high-energy x-ray scattering studies of thetool-chip and tool-workpiece contact zones during operation. The lathe operates at industriallyrelevant cutting parameters, i.e. at cutting speeds ≤ 400 m/min and feeds ≤ 0.3 mm/rev. By turningtests in carbon steel, performed at the high-energy material science beamline P07 at Petra III, DESY,Hamburg, we observe compressive strains in TiNbAlN and Al2O3/Ti(C,N) coatings on the tool flank faceduring machining. It is demonstrated that by the right choice of substrate and coating materials,diffraction patterns can be recorded and evaluated in operando, both from the tool-workpiece andtool-chip contacts, i.e. from the contact zones between the tool and the workpiece material on thetool flank- and rake faces, respectively. We also observe that a worn tool results in higher temperaturein the tool-chip contact zone compared to a new tool.Thi