Surface discharge through an insulator in a vacuum

A model for the mechanism of stationary discharges over insulators in a vacuum was developed. Upon introduction of this discharge, the insulator charges as a result of secondary emissions, in such a way that electrons coming from the cathode strike with an average secondary electron yield of 1, and so that the secondary electrons return again to the insulator through the electric field near the insulator. When the secondary electrons strike, electrons with an average yield of 1 are released again. The electrons move in short faults toward the anode, which they strike with lesser energy

A laboratory scale model technique for investigating pneumatic tire hydroplaning

Laboratory scale model technique for investigating pneumatic tire hydroplanin

Truncated unity functional renormalization group for multiband systems with spin-orbit coupling

Although the functional renormalization group (fRG) is by now a well-established method for investigating correlated electron systems, it is still undergoing significant technical and conceptual improvements. In particular, the motivation to optimally exploit the parallelism of modern computing platforms has recently led to the development of the "truncated-unity" functional renormalization group (TU-fRG). Here, we review this fRG variant, and we provide its extension to multiband systems with spin-orbit coupling. Furthermore, we discuss some aspects of the implementation and outline opportunities and challenges ahead for predicting the ground-state ordering and emergent energy scales for a wide class of quantum materials.Comment: consistent with published version in Frontiers in Physics (2018

Internationalization of Stock Markets: Potential Problems for United States Shareholders

Despite considerable advance publicity, the internationalization of the world\u27s stock markets remains in the incipient stage of development. Nonetheless, the exchange of capital across international borders through the purchase and sale of equity securities is likely to continue. This Comment will explore the potential problems faced by United States shareholders when the corporations in which they own stock list and offer equity securities on stock exchanges in foreign countries

Internationalization of Stock Markets: Potential Problems for United States Shareholders

Despite considerable advance publicity, the internationalization of the world\u27s stock markets remains in the incipient stage of development. Nonetheless, the exchange of capital across international borders through the purchase and sale of equity securities is likely to continue. This Comment will explore the potential problems faced by United States shareholders when the corporations in which they own stock list and offer equity securities on stock exchanges in foreign countries

The structure of crystals of some aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons: 2:13-benzfluoranthene and acenaphthene

This thesis records the work carried out on the crystal structures of 2:13-Benzfluoranthene and acenaphthene. The structure of the first of these had to be completely determined, whereas in the case of the second structure, only the z parameters had to be determined, the x and y coordinates needing only refinement. Both these structures were refined to quite high accuracy. In one case low temperature data was used, and in the other Geiger counter measurements at room temperature were employed for one zone of reflections, to increase the reliability of the results

Ecto-protein kinases and phosphatases: an emerging field for translational medicine

Progress in translational research has led to effective new treatments of a large number of diseases. Despite this progress, diseases including cancer and cardiovascular disorders still are at the top in death statistics and disorders such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis represent an increasing disease burden in the aging population. Novel strategies in research are needed more than ever to overcome such diseases. The growing field of extracellular protein phosphorylation provides excellent opportunities to make major discoveries of disease mechanisms that can lead to novel therapies. Reversible phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of sites in the extracellular domains of matrix, cell-surface and trans-membrane proteins is emerging as a critical regulatory mechanism in health and disease. Moreover, a new concept is emerging from studies of extracellular protein phosphorylation: in cells where ATP is stored within secretory vesicles and released by exocytosis upon cell-stimulation, phosphorylation of extracellular proteins can operate as a messenger operating uniquely in signaling pathways responsible for long-term cellular adaptation. Here, we highlight new concepts that arise from this research, and discuss translation of the findings into clinical applications such as development of diagnostic disease markers and next-generation drugs

Two-photon absorption and broadband optical limiting with bis-donor stilbenes

Large two-photon absorptivities are reported for symmetrical bis-donor stilbene derivatives with dialkylamino or diphenylamino groups. These molecules exhibit strong optical limiting of nanosecond pulses over a broad spectral range in the visible. Relative to bis(di-n-butylamino)stilbene, bis(diphenylamino)stilbene exhibits a 90-nm red shift of its optical limiting band but only a minimal shift of ~13 nm of its lowest one-photon electronic absorption band. Mixtures of these compounds offer an unprecedented combination of broad optical limiting bandwidth and high linear transparency