Gallblader sonographic abnormality following ceftriaxone treatment in children

Background and Objective: Considering the relatively wide application of ceftriaxone in pediatric infectious diseases and its side effects, this study was done to determine gallblader sonographic abnormality following ceftriaxone treatment in children. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross- sectional study was carried out on 60 patients age 1 month up to 12 years in Besat hospital, Hamadan, Iran during 2007. The sonographic abnormal finding of gallbladder before ceftriaxone therapy and 5 days after therapy were recorded. In case of any abnormality in gallblader sonography was repeated twice a week in the first two weeks and afterward once a week up to disappearance of abnormalities. Results: Gallblader sonographic abnormality were observed in 10 cases (16.5%). Out of them, 8 and 2 patients had bile stone and bile sludge, respectivley. The patients did not show any clinical manifestations. There was no relation between age and sex with abnormal findings. Gallblader abnormality completely were disappeared in the worst cases by sixteen days. Conclusion: This study showed that the incidence of either gallstone or biliary sludge after treatment with ceftriaxone was 16.5% which is relatively similar to other studies

Effect of Pre-endoscopy Preparation Program on Children's Anxiety and Parental Satisfaction: A Clinical Trial Study

Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a useful diagnostic method in children. The level of anxiety in children is one of the important factors on the patient's acceptance of endoscopy. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a pre-endoscopy preparation program on children's anxiety and parental satisfaction. Method: This clinical trial study investigated 76 children aged 6 to 18 years and their parents referred to the endoscopy unit of Besat Hospital, Hamadan, Iran, in 2019. The patients were randomly assigned into two equal groups. The experimental group was trained using pamphlets and face-to-face training before endoscopy, and then the two groups were compared in terms of children's anxiety and parental satisfaction. The data were collected using the Demographic Information Questionnaire, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Parental Satisfaction Questionnaire. Results: Before the intervention, the mean±SD values of the state anxiety in the experimental and control groups were 48.92±2.81 and 49.18±2.86, respectively, and it was statistically lower in the experimental group (P=0.042). Moreover, after the intervention, the mean±SD values of the trait anxiety in the experimental and control groups were 48.47±31.10 and 49.86±2.87, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.339). Parents' satisfaction in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, which was statistically significant (P<0.001). Implications for Practice: The pre-endoscopy preparation program reduced the anxiety of the children. Findings can be utilized in planning to improve their parents' satisfaction. © 2022 Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

COMPARING ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND VITAMIN C VALUES BETWEEN UMBILICAL CORD AND MATERNAL BLOOD PLASMA AND THOSE IN NEWBORNS WITH HYPOXIA

ObjectiveOxygen intoxication plays an important role in the pathogenesis of some fetal diseases such as encephalopathy, ischemia& hypoxia. Antioxidants can reduce oxidative damage in newborns. The object of this research was measuring total value of antioxidant and vitamin C in blood sample of pregnant women before delivery, and also in umbilical cord blood of their newborn, and repeating these measurements 48 hours after birth in newborns with hypoxia and controlling group.Materials & MethodsThe sample included 32 healthy pregnant women presented for delivery & also their newborns. The total values of antioxidant & vitamin C in plasma were measured by staining methods.ResultsThere was no statistical meaningful difference in total values of antioxidants & vitamin C in women's blood & their newborn's cord blood. Also totalvalues of antioxidant & vitamin C meaningfully increased in newborns with hypoxia after 48 hours.Conclusiontotal values of antioxidant & vitamin C in blood plasma of newborn, increase in oxidative damage as a defense mechanism.Key words:Antioxidants , Ascorbic Acid , Hypoxia , Umbilical cord blood

Helicobacter pylori Infection in Pediatric Patients: Update on Diagnosis and Eradication Strategies.

Helicobacter pylori infection is acquired mainly in childhood and remains an essential cause of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. This article provides commentary on the last ESPGHAN/NASPGHAN guidelines and on publications made after the consensus conference of 2015. The majority of infected children are asymptomatic and pediatric studies do not support a role for H. pylori in functional disorders such as recurrent abdominal pain. The role of H. pylori infection in failure to thrive, children's growth, type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and celiac disease remains controversial. The diagnosis of infection should be based on upper-digestive endoscopy with biopsy-based methods. Eradication control after treatment should be based on validated non-invasive tests. Nodular gastritis is the main endoscopic finding of childhood H. pylori infection, but gastroduodenal erosions/ulcers are seen in some children, especially after 10 years of age. When indicated, eradication treatment should be given when good compliance is expected and based on the antimicrobial susceptibility profile.SCOPUS: re.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe