Scientific Research Competencies of Prospective Teachers and their Attitudes toward Scientific Resea

Present study has been constructed to determine scientific research competencies of prospective teachers and identify the extent of effect of prospective teachers’ attitudes toward scientific research and scientific research methods course on their research skills and attitudes towards research. This study has two dimensions: it is a descriptive study by virtue of identifying prospective teachers’ research skills and attitudes toward research, also an experimental study by virtue of determining the effect of scientific research methods course on prospective teachers’ skills and their attitudes toward research. In order to obtain the data related to identified sub- problems “Scale for Identifying Scientific Research Competencies” and “Scale for Identifying the Attitude toward Research” have been utilized. It has thus been concluded in this study that scientific research methods course had no significant effect in gaining scientific research competencies to prospective teachers and that this effect demonstrated no differentiation with respect to departments. On the other hand it has been explored that scientific research methods course had a negative effect on the attitudes of prospective teachers toward research and that there was a differentiation to the disadvantage of prospective teachers studying at Primary Education Mathematics Teaching Department

Gender-related Differences in Surgically Treated Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma

Objective:The aim of the study was to investigate gender-specific differences in the Turkish patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) undergoing radical or nephron-sparing nephrectomy and compare the results with those in other regions.Materials and Methods:Data of 76 patients, who were clinically diagnosed with RCC and underwent radical or nephron-sparing nephrectomy from January 2011 to August 2017, were retrospectively evaluated. Age and gender of the patients and the size, histological type, grade and pathological stage of the tumors were recorded. A chi-square test was used for comparing categorical variables, whereas the Student’s t-test was used for the same purpose in the continuous variables.Results:Of the 67 patients, 39 (58.2%) were male and 28 (41.8%) were female; male-to-female ratio was 3:2. The mean age of the male and female patients was 63.4±11.7 years and 59.3±14.3 years, respectively and the mean tumor size was 5.7 and 5.3 cm, respectively. There were differences in mean age, tumor size and Fuhrman grade, however, none of them reached the level of statistical significance. Twenty four of the male and 25 of the female patients had low-stage, 15 of the male and 3 of the female patients had high-stage disease. Thus, the male patients had higher stage disease than the female patients and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.011).Conclusion:Turkish women with RCC had significantly lower stage disease than Turkish men, although grade and size of the tumor did not present a statistically significant difference. The results were similar with other European studies

Bladder Carcinoma in a 24-Year-Old Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Urothelial bladder carcinoma is a rare condition in young patients. Clinicians have less inclination to perform cystoscopy in this age group because benign causes of hematuria are more common. Thus, diagnostic delays of up to one year may occur. We report a 24-year-old male patient with urothelial bladder cancer. Clinical behavior and prognosis in young individuals are controversial. The definitions of “young patient” are highly variable and different World Health Organization pathological classification systems are used for reporting. Generally, it presents as a low-stage and low-grade disease, nevertheless, it may present with high-grade tumors, even with muscle-invasive cancer

Influence of the Presence of Muscularis Propria on Recurrence and the Quality of Transurethral Resection in Low-Grade, Stage pTa Bladder Tumors

Objective Transurethral resection (TUR) of the bladder and intravesical chemotherapy is the standard treatment option for non-muscle-invasive bladder tumors. Inadequate tumor resection results in early recurrence and staging inaccuracies, which all will change the course of the disease. High-quality TUR treatment is therefore an important factor in the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder tumors. In this study, we investigated the significance of detecting the presence of muscularis propria (MP) in pathology specimens of low-grade, stage pTa tumors in patients who were treated with TUR due to primary bladder tumors, with regard to recurrence, time to recurrence and progression. Materials and Methods Initially, 841 patients who were treated with TUR due to primary bladder tumors were enrolled in the study. A total of 597 patients were excluded from the study because they failed to meet the study criteria. Group 1 consisted of patients with MP detected in the pathology specimens; whereas group 2 consisted of patients whose TUR specimens did not include MP. The patients were evaluated with regard to gender, tumor number, presence or absence of MP, and recurrence status. Results MP was observed in only 14 (15.2%) of 92 patients with recurrence, but not in the remaining 78 (84.8%) (p=0.004). Progression occurred in 4 (14.2%) patients of group 1 and 28 (29%) patients of group 2 (p=0.159). In univariate analysis, tumor multiplicity (p=0.003) and the absence of MP (p=0.004) were found to have effects on recurrence. In multivariate analysis, these two parameters were also found to be have effects on recurrence (p=0.004). Conclusion In this study, it was pointed out that MP presence in the pathology specimens of low-grade stage pTa tumors is an indicator of a high quality TUR and, a well-done TUR is important for the prevention of recurrence

İŞİTSEL VARSANILARIN TEDAVİSİNDE TRANSKARANİAL MANYETİK UYARIM KULLANIMI: BİR OLGU SUNUMU VE KISA GÖZDEN GEÇİRME

In this case we report the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment resistant auditory verbal hallucinations. The majority of protocols have utilized low-frequency suppressive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the left temporoparietal cortex with some therapeutic benefits in ameliorating auditory hallucinations. Normalizing the functional connectivity between the temporoparietal and frontal brain regions may underlie the therapeutic effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. Regarding side effects, the rTMS intervention was well tolerated in this case. Future research must focus on the optimum stimulation site and parameters

The view of religious officials on organ donation and transplantation in the Zeytinburnu District of Istanbul.

İstanbul Bilim Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi.One of the obstacles to organ donation and transplantation in Turkey is that of religious beliefs and, at this point, religious officials constitute a key aspect of this problem. Positive or negative viewpoints held by religious officials regarding organ donation and transplantation are influential in guiding the public. This descriptive study was conducted for the purpose of describing religious officials’ viewpoints on this subject. To determine the opinions of 40 religious officials from among the imams and muezzins working in Zeytinburnu District Mufti (Religious Officials Superior) Station who participated in a normal meeting in April and who fully completed the survey. A 27-question survey form was used that consisted of open-ended and closed questions, 5 of which were on socio-demographic characteristics, 13 on viewpoints on organ donation and transplantation, and 9 on the Islamic viewpoint regarding organ donation and transplantation. For the analysis of the results, Student’s t test and one-way ANOVA tests were used. It was found that all of the religious officials believed in the importance of organ donation, 80 % considered donating their organs, and 5 % had made an organ donation. Of the religious officials who had not donated organs, 35 % gave an answer that there was no specific reason and 27.5 % stated that they had never considered the subjec

Penil Entrapment with A Steel Nut and Its Treatment with A Dental Micro Motor

Entrapment or strangulation of the penis is an uncommon condition that requires prompt medical intervention to avoid mechanical and/or vascular injuries. Severe complications such as edema, necrosis, skin infection, penile amputation, and urethral fistula may occur. There is no universally accepted method for treatment, and medical treatment can be delayed due to feelings of humiliation or self-attempt to release the entrapment. Intracavernosal aspiration is a surgical procedure used to evacuate blood from the obstructed corpus cavernosum. This procedure reduces penile size making it easier to remove the ring. However, it does not alleviate the inflammatory idea in the interstitial spaces and penile skin. This paper describes a case study of a 34-year-old male patient who was evaluated in the department of emergency with penile entrapment in a thick steel ring that was placed for prolonged erection. Removing the ring manually was attempted in the emergency department but failed, causing more engorgement in the distal part of the penis. The following admission, the patient was expeditiously transferred to the operating room where the surgical team interposed a wooden tongue depressor between the penile shaft and the ring. Subsequently, a manual hacksaw was used to excise the constriction device. Nevertheless, owing to the substantial diameter of the ring, the hacksaw became fractured and subsequently, a micromotor was employed for the ring removal procedure. Throughout the cutting process involving the micromotor, the ring was continuously cooled with an iced isotonic solution. Within thirty minutes, the ventral and dorsal sides of the steel ring were cut, and it was removed in two pieces

Prostate cancer volume estimations based on transrectal ultrasonography-guided biopsy in order to predict clinically significant prostate cancer

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Tumor diameter is a reliable parameter to estimate tumor volume in solid organ cancers; its use in prostate cancer is controversial since it exhibits a more irregular pattern of growth. This study aimed to examine the association between the tumor volume estimations based on transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided biopsy results and the tumor volume measured on the pathological specimen.Materials and Methods:A total of 237 patients who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) were included in this retrospective study. The differences and correlations between cancer volume estimations based on TRUS guided biopsy findings and cancer volume estimations based on post-prostatectomy pathology specimens were examined. In addition, diagnostic value of TRUS guided biopsy-based volume estimations in order to predict clinically significant cancer (>0.5 cc) were calculated.Results:The mean cancer volume estimated using TRUS biopsy results was lower (5.5±6.5 cc) than the mean cancer volume calculated using prostatectomy specimens (6.4±7.6 cc) (pConclusions:TRUS guided biopsy-derived estimations seem to have a limited value to predict pathologically established tumor volume. Further studies are warranted to identify additional methods that may more accurately predict actual pathological characteristics and prognosis of prostate cancer.</sec