Prediction of Biomass Pyrolysis Mechanisms and Kinetics: Application of the Kalman Filter

In order to predict the pyrolysis mechanisms of four different biomasses (Asbos (Psilocaulon utile), Kraalbos (Galenia africane), Scholtzbos (Pteronia pallens), and palm shell), a novel method called Kalman filter was investigated and the results were compared by regression analysis. Both analyses were applied to five different generalized biomass pyrolysis models consisting of parallel and serial irreversible-reversible reaction steps. The models consisting of reversible reactions in addition to parallel pyrolysis steps demonstrated a better fit with the experimental results. The pyrolysis step from biomass to bio-oil has the highest reaction rates compared with the other pyrolysis steps defined in the models. The Kalman filter is thus defined as a promising filtering and prediction method for the estimation of detailed pyrolysis mechanisms and model parameters, using minimum experimental data

Effects of chromosomal translocations on sperm count in azoospermic and oligospermic cases

Purpose: A number of mechanisms have been proposed for the effect of chromosomal translocations on spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. However, there are still numerous ambiguous issues regarding these two processes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of chromosome break areas on sperm count in the light of the literature. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on the data of 16 male patients with reciprocal or Robertsonian translocation among 152 patients who were admitted to Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital and Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital Genetic Diagnosis Centers between 2013 and 2016 due to azoospermia and oligospermia. Results: 11 of these patients had reciprocal and five patients had Robertsonian translocations. All the patients with Robertsonian translocations were detected with azoospermia. Of the patients with reciprocal translocation, five of them were azoospermic and six of them were severe oligospermic. Conclusion: A total of 21 chromosomal breakpoints were identified in the 11 patients with reciprocal translocations. These chromosomal breakpoints may contribute to the clarification of ambiguous issues related to spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. The results also showed the importance of genetic counselling in patients with translocations

The First Report of a Patient with Probable Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Turkey

Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) was first reported in the UK in 1996. Here, we report the first Turkish case of vCJD. A 47-year-old man, who has never lived outside of Turkey and had had no transfusion, was admitted to the University Hospital with speech disorder, cognitive decline and ataxia following depression, irritability, and personality change. The immunoassay of the 14-3-3 protein in the cerebrospinal fluid was negative. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed high-signal lesions involving the bilateral caudate and lentiform nucleus on T2- and diffusion-weighted imaging. The patient developed akinetic mutism 10 months after disease onset. The clinical presentation and neuroimaging findings were compatible with the vCJD cases reported since 1996 and met the World Health Organization's case definition for probable vCJD

Mandatory adoption of IFRS in emerging markets: the case of Turkey

European-listed companies and many emerging countries have been required to present their consolidated financial statements in compliance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) since 2005. Having cross-border comparability and transparency with this uniform accounting system is expected to provide higher accounting quality and value relevance. Evaluation of financial performance in terms of value relevance of IFRS is not only vital for existing investors or stakeholders but also for those who want to invest at the international level. Thus, in this study, we examine the value relevance of earnings and book value of equity on share prices through using Ohlson (1995) valuation model. While 2001 to 2004 is conducted as the pre-IFRS period, 2005-2008 is a post-IFRS period to display the change in value relevance in the same number of years. Our sample includes only nonfinancial firms that operate on BIST index. Since financial firms are subject to different regulations, we exclude them from the sample. The results show that the accounting information produced under IFRS is more value relevant. We test the value relevance with both cross-sectional and pooled regression for the periods. In addition, we use panel data analysis (survival analysis) to validate the increase in value relevance between the periods. We also test the firm size and earnings announcement effect on value relevance for robustness

Kripto Para Birimi Piyasalarında Etkinliğin Uzun Hafıza Ve Değişen Varyans Özelliklerinin Testi Yoluyla Analizi

The purpose of this study is to shed light on the critical points of the future of the crypto currency market by evaluating the price movements and market efficiency. In this context, efficiency structure of the market has been tested for long-memory and heteroscedasticity characteristics. The relationship between market depth and volatility structure has been tested for 8 crypto currencies using asymmetrical GARCH models. Results of the analysis indicate presence of long-memory characteristics. Additionally, that as market volume increases so does the efficiency of the market. Therefore, it is concluded that the market efficiency increases with the market depth for all tested crypto currencies

Testing the Market Efficiency in Crypto Currency Markets Using Long-Memory and Heteroscedasticity Tests

The purpose of this study is to shed light on the critical points of the future of the crypto currency market by evaluating the price movements and market efficiency. In this context, efficiency structure of the market has been tested for long-memory and heteroscedasticity characteristics. The relationship between market depth and volatility structure has been tested for 8 crypto currencies using asymmetrical GARCH models. Results of the analysis indicate presence of long-memory characteristics. Additionally, that as market volume increases so does the efficiency of the market. Therefore, it is concluded that the market efficiency increases with the market depth for all tested crypto currencies