84 research outputs found
Grey-box Modeling of Reversible Solid Oxide Cell Stackâs Electrical Dynamics Based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
This paper aims to design a lumped-capacity modelof a reversible solid oxide cell stack for hydrogen electrolysis.The lumped-capacity model needs to have an adequate representationof the electrical dynamics over a wide operatingrange and a model structure suitable for the design of a physicalemulator. The grey-box model is based on data obtained by electrochemicalimpedance spectroscopy conducted on a commercialsolid oxide cell stack for four different gas compositions at sixaging stages. In addition, a comparison of the experimental andsimulated voltage response of the reversible solid oxide cell stackin cyclic reversible operation mode was conducted at differentaging levels of the stack
Strongly nonlinear dynamics of electrolytes in large ac voltages
We study the response of a model micro-electrochemical cell to a large ac
voltage of frequency comparable to the inverse cell relaxation time. To bring
out the basic physics, we consider the simplest possible model of a symmetric
binary electrolyte confined between parallel-plate blocking electrodes,
ignoring any transverse instability or fluid flow. We analyze the resulting
one-dimensional problem by matched asymptotic expansions in the limit of thin
double layers and extend previous work into the strongly nonlinear regime,
which is characterized by two novel features - significant salt depletion in
the electrolyte near the electrodes and, at very large voltage, the breakdown
of the quasi-equilibrium structure of the double layers. The former leads to
the prediction of "ac capacitive desalination", since there is a time-averaged
transfer of salt from the bulk to the double layers, via oscillating diffusion
layers. The latter is associated with transient diffusion limitation, which
drives the formation and collapse of space-charge layers, even in the absence
of any net Faradaic current through the cell. We also predict that steric
effects of finite ion sizes (going beyond dilute solution theory) act to
suppress the strongly nonlinear regime in the limit of concentrated
electrolytes, ionic liquids and molten salts. Beyond the model problem, our
reduced equations for thin double layers, based on uniformly valid matched
asymptotic expansions, provide a useful mathematical framework to describe
additional nonlinear responses to large ac voltages, such as Faradaic
reactions, electro-osmotic instabilities, and induced-charge electrokinetic
phenomena.Comment: 30 pages, 17 eps-figures, RevTe
A Nordic approach to democratic debate in the age of Big Tech:Recommendations from the Nordic Think Tank for Tech and Democracy
Visualization of nanofibrillar cellulose in biological tissues using a biotinylated carbohydrate binding module of β-1,4-Glycanase
ProTarget:a Danish Nationwide Clinical Trial on Targeted Cancer Treatment based on genomic profiling â a national, phase 2, prospective, multi-drug, non-randomized, open-label basket trial
Efficacy and safety of larotrectinib in TRK fusion-positive primary central nervous system tumors
BACKGROUND
Larotrectinib is a first-in-class, highly selective tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor approved to treat adult and pediatric patients with TRK fusion-positive cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of larotrectinib in patients with TRK fusion-positive primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors.
METHODS
Patients with TRK fusion-positive primary CNS tumors from two clinical trials (NCT02637687, NCT02576431) were identified. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR).
RESULTS
As of July 2020, 33 patients with TRK fusion-positive CNS tumors were identified (median age: 8.9 years; range: 1.3-79.0). The most common histologies were high-grade glioma (HGG; n = 19) and low-grade glioma (LGG; n = 8). ORR was 30% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16-49) for all patients. In all patients, the 24-week disease control rate was 73% (95% CI: 54-87). Twenty-three of 28 patients (82%) with measurable disease had tumor shrinkage. The 12-month rates for duration of response, progression-free survival, and overall survival were 75% (95% CI: 45-100), 56% (95% CI: 38-74), and 85% (95% CI: 71-99), respectively. Median time to response was 1.9 months (range 1.0-3.8 months). Duration of treatment ranged from 1.2-31.3+ months. Treatment-related adverse events were reported for 20 patients, with Grade 3-4 in 3 patients. No new safety signals were identified.
CONCLUSIONS
In patients with TRK fusion-positive CNS tumors, larotrectinib demonstrated rapid and durable responses, high disease control rate, and a favorable safety profile
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