Educar para construir cultura de paz

La investigación que da origen a este texto, tuvo como propósito identificar, comprender y documentar prácticas de educación para la paz lideradas por profesores de instituciones de educación básica colombianas con población escolar afectada por el conflicto, para contribuir a la construcción de cultura de paz en los territorios. El texto inicia con una reflexión acerca de la importancia de aprender cómo enfrentar los conflictos de manera positiva y creativa. Posteriormente, se sintetizan los principales enfoques pedagógicos de la educación para la paz y se comparte una propuesta para su enseñanza; la cual se basa en la problematización, la formación de pensamiento crítico y el análisis de la memoria histórica y de los derechos humanos en el estudio de la realidad social. Lo anterior contribuye al aprendizaje de los estudiantes sobre la regulación de los conflictos desde la cultura de la “noviolencia” y la convivencia pacífica. Finalmente, se presenta una propuesta para la construcción de cultura de paz en los contextos educativos, derivada del análisis y la sistematización de experiencias innovadoras, lideradas por profesores de educación básica. Estas iniciativas tienen como objetivo aportar a la formación de ciudadanas y ciudadanos capaces de analizar de manera crítica el presente, de construir otras representaciones e interpretaciones del pasado y, de ayudar a cimentar sociedades democráticas, incluyentes y con justicia social.The research that gives rise to this text, has the purpose of identify, understand and document peace education practices led by teachers from basic institutions with a school population affected by the conflict, to contribute to the construction of a culture of peace in the territories. The text begins with a reflection on the importance of learning how to deal with conflicts in a positive and creative way. Subsequently, the main pedagogical approaches to education for peace are synthesized and a proposal for teaching this is shared; wich is based on problematization, the formation of critical thinking and the analysis of historical memory and human rights in the study of social reality. The foregoing contributes to the learning of students about the regulation of conflicts from the culture of "nonviolence" and peaceful coexistence. Finally, a proposal is presented for the construction of a culture of peace in educational contexts, derived from the analysis and systematization of innovative experiences, led by basic education teachers. These initiatives aim to contribute to the training of citizens capable of critically analyzing the present, of building other representations and interpretations of the past, and of helping to cement democratic, inclusive societies with social justice.CONTENIDO Agradecimientos.................................................................................................... 5 Introducción .......................................................................................................... 7 CAPÍTULO UNO El Conflicto y la Educación para la Paz. Una Relación Compleja y Necesaria............................................................................................................ 14 Introducción.................................................................................................... 16 Concepciones de conflicto de estudiantes y profesores de educación básica ........................................................................................ 18 CAPÍTULO DOS La Educación para la Paz: un Camino en Construcción....................................... 29 Una aproximación a la educación para la paz ................................................ 31 Una mirada a la educación para la paz en el siglo XX ................................... 32 Enfoques de educación para la paz................................................................. 34 La educación para la paz basada en la enseñanza de contenidos ................... 34 La educación para la paz desde el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento ............................................................................................... 36 La educación para la paz en la teoría crítica .................................................. 38 CAPÍTULO TRES Prácticas educativas para la construcción de cultura de paz................................. 45 Introducción ................................................................................................... 47 La memoria histórica en el análisis de la realidad social del presente y la búsqueda de posibilidades de futuro.................................... 48 El reconocimiento y el respeto a los derechos humanos para la convivencia social............................................................................... 54 La formación de pensamiento crítico y la construcción de cultura de paz en la escuela........................................................................ 56 El pensamiento crítico y las prácticas de educación para la paz .................... 58 CAPÍTULO CUATRO Construir Cultura de Paz. Un Reto para la Educación.......................................... 67 Introducción.................................................................................................... 69 Repensar las finalidades de la educación para la paz ..................................... 71 Repensar e integrar los currículos y las prácticas de educación para la paz con los contextos ......................................................................... 73 El conflicto y la democracia en la historia de Colombia. Siglos XX y XXI ........................................................................................... 76 Actividades de enseñanza y de aprendizaje.................................................... 77 Reflexión final...................................................................................................... 78 Referencias........................................................................................................... 8

The Research Journey as a Challenge Towards New Trends

The academic community of the department of Risaralda, in its permanent interest in evidencing the results of the research processes that are carried out from the Higher Education Institutions and as a product of the VI meeting of researchers of the department of Risaralda held in November 2021 presents its work: “The journey of research as a challenge towards new trends”, which reflects the result of the latest research and advances in different lines of knowledge in Agricultural Sciences, Health Sciences, Social Sciences and Technology and Information Sciences, which seek to solve and meet the demands of the different sectors. This work would not have been possible without the help of each of the teachers, researchers and authors who presented their articles that make up each of the chapters of the book, to them our gratitude for their commitment, dedication and commitment, since their sole purpose is to contribute from the academy and science to scientific and technological development in the search for the solution of problems and thus contribute to transform the reality of our society and communities. We also wish to extend our gratitude to the institutions of the Network that made this publication possible: UTP, UCP, UNAD, UNIREMINGTON; UNISARC, CIAF, Universidad Libre, Uniclaretiana, Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar and UNIMINUTO, institutions that in one way or another allowed this work to become a reality, which we hope will be of interest to you.Preface............................................................................................................................7 Chapter 1. Technologies and Engineering Towards a humanization in Engineering using soft skills in training in Engineers.............................................................................................................11 Omar Iván Trejos Buriticá1, Luis Eduardo Muñoz Guerrero Innovative materials in construction: review from a bibliometric analysis....................................................................................................................27 Cristian Osorio Gómez, Daniel Aristizábal Torres, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Cristhian Camilo Amariles López Bibliometric review of disaster risk management: progress, trends, and challenges.........................................................................................................51 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Gloria Milena Molina Vinasco. Incidence of land coverage and geology, in the unstability of lands of the micro-basin of the Combia creek, Pereira, Risaralda....................................73 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizábal Torres. Chapter 2. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Training experience with teachers teaching mathematics using the inquiry methodology ...............................................................................................95 Vivian Libeth Uzuriaga López, Héctor Gerardo Sánchez Bedoya. Interpretation of the multiple representations of the fears associated to the boarding of limited visual patients in the elective I students’ written productions and low vision ...................................................................................113 Eliana Bermúdez Cardona, Ana María Agudelo Guevara, Caterine Villamarín Acosta. The relevance of local knowledge in social sciences............................................131 Alberto Antonio Berón Ospina, Isabel Cristina Castillo Quintero. Basic education students’ conceptions of conflict a view from the peace for the education....................................................................................................143 Astrid Milena Calderón Cárdenas,Carolina Aguirre Arias, Carolina Franco Ossa, Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Giraldo, Orfa Buitrago. Comprehensive risk prevention in educational settings: an interdisciplinary and socio-educational approach ............................................................................163 Olga María Henao Trujillo, Claudia María López Ortiz. Chapter 3. Natural and Agricultural Sciences Physicochemical characterization of three substrates used in the deep bedding system in swine .......................................................................................175 Juan Manuel Sánchez Rubio, Andrés Felipe Arias Roldan, Jesús Arturo Rincón Sanz, Jaime Andrés Betancourt Vásquez. Periodic solutions in AFM models........................................................................187 Daniel Cortés Zapata, Alexander Gutiérrez Gutiérrez. Phenology in flower and fruit of Rubus glaucus benth. Cv. Thornless in Risaralda: elements for phytosanitary management .........................................199 Shirley Palacios Castro, Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, James Montoya Lerma, Ricardo Flórez, Harry Josué Pérez. Socio-economic and technical characterization of the cultivation of avocado (Persea americana) in Risaralda..............................................................217 Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, Kelly Saudith Castañez Poveda, Eliana Gómez Correa. Biosecurity management in backyard systems in Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda................................................................................................................227 Julia Victoria Arredondo Botero, Jaiver Estiben Ocampo Jaramillo, Juan Sebastián Mera Vallejo, Álvaro de Jesús Aranzazu Hernández. CONTENTS Physical-chemical diagnosis of soils in hillside areas with predominance of Lulo CV. La Selva production system in the department of Risaralda.............241 Adriana Patricia Restrepo Gallón, María Paula Landinez Montes, Jimena Tobón López. Digestibility of three concentrates used in canine feeding....................................271 María Fernanda Mejía Silva, Valentina Noreña Sánchez, Gastón Adolfo Castaño Jiménez. Chapter 4. Economic, Administrative, and Accounting Sciences Financial inclusion in households from socioeconomic strata 1 and 2 in the city of Pereira ..................................................................................................285 Lindy Neth Perea Mosquera, Marlen Isabel Redondo Ramírez, Angélica Viviana Morales. Internal marketing strategies as a competitive advantage for the company Mobilautos SAS de Dosquebradas........................................................................303 Inés Montoya Sánchez, Sandra Patricia Viana Bolaños, Ana María Barrera Rodríguez. Uses of tourist marketing in the tourist sector of the municipality of Belén de Umbría, Risaralda.............................................................................................319 Ana María Barrera Rodríguez, Paola Andrea Echeverri Gutiérrez, María Camila Parra Buitrago, Paola Andrea Martín Muñoz, Angy Paola Ángel Vélez, Luisa Natalia Trejos Ospina. Territorial prospective of Risaralda department (Colombia), based on the SDGS...............................................................................................................333 Juan Guillermo Gil García, Samanta Londoño Velásquez. Chapter 5. Health and Sports Sciences Performance evaluation in times of pandemic. What do medical students think?.......................................................................................................353 Samuel Eduardo Trujillo Henao, Rodolfo A. Cabrales Vega, Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez. The relevance of the therapist’s self and self-reference in the training of psychologists.....................................................................................................371 Maria Paula Marmolejo Lozano, Mireya Ospina Botero. Habits related to oral health which influence lifestyle of elder people in a wellness center for the elderly in Pereira 2020. .............................................387 Isadora Blanco Pérez, Olga Patricia Ramírez Rodríguez, Ángela María Rincón Hurtado. Analysis of the suicide trend in the Coffee Region in Colombia during the years 2012-2018 ..............................................................................................405 Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez, Jennifer Nessim Salazar, Jairo Franco Londoño, Juan Carlos Medina Osorio. Hind limb long bone fractures in canines and felines...........................................419 María Camila Cruz Vélez, Valentina Herrera Morales, Alba Nydia Restrepo Jiménez, Lina Marcela Palomino, Gabriel Rodolfo Izquierdo Bravo. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in the rural and urban area of Risaralda....................................................................................................439 Angela María Álvarez López, Angela Liceth Pérez Rendón, Alejandro Gómez Rodas, Luis Enrique Isaza Velásquez. Chapter 6. Architecture, Design and Advertising The artisan crafts of Risaralda, characteristics, importance, and risks within the Colombian Coffee Cultural Landscape, CCCL....................................457 Yaffa Nahir Ivette Gómez Barrera, Javier Alfonso López Morales

FORMACION PEDAGÓGICA HIBRIDA EN DOCENTES LICENCIADOS A TRAVÉS DE LA EDUCACION A DISTANCIA Y VIRTUAL

El presente artículo analiza las prácticas de formación de Licenciados en Educación Básica a través de la Educación a distancia y virtual.  Se parte de la formación de Licenciados, como una práctica basada en la orientación instruccional e instrumental mediada por las interacciones del e-learning e integradas a lineamientos y didácticas basadas en herramientas informáticas comunicacionales para la apropiación de conocimientos.  Así mismo, se estudian las prácticas de formación de los docentes que propenden por un acto combinado e innovador en sus prácticas de formación.  En paralelo al estudio de la complejidad de la formación humana en el desarrollo de la identidad profesoral, surge la condición de las prácticas de formación pedagógica híbrida en el espacio educativo a distancia y virtual, como una condición que tiende a transformar los procesos pedagógicos en la formación de Licenciados a partir de la combinación de diversas tendencias pedagógicas como el cognitivismo, el constructivismo y el conductismo, en el ámbito de las pedagogías combinadas del e-learning, que determinan la práctica educativa en la Educación a Distancia y Virtual

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN