Impact of global crisis on Mexican multinationals varies by industry, survey finds

The Institute for Economic Research (IIEc) of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and the Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International Investment (VCC), a joint initiative of the Columbia Law School and the Earth Institute at Columbia University in New York, are releasing the results of their second annual survey of Mexican multinationals today.1 The survey is part of a long-term study of the rapid global expansion of the multinational enterprises of emerging markets. The present report focuses on data for the year 2009. Highlights In 2009, the 20 companies listed in table 1 below posted about USD 117 billion in foreign assets, 63 billion in foreign sales, and had 227,484 employees in their overseas operations. The top three companies on the list are CEMEX, America Movil, and Carso Global Telecom, which together controlled USD 86 billion in foreign assets, which was 73% of the total on the list. The leading sectors on the list are food and beverages (4 firms), non-metallic minerals (4 firms), and telecommunications (2 firms). In keeping with the tradition in Mexican outward foreign direct investment (FDI), most of the investments were undertaken in Latin America and the Caribbean and in North America −specifically the United States-. These regions were followed in importance by Western Europe. Mexican outward FDI has now also begun to appear in China, India, and Australia. The shares of all companies ranked in table 1 are publicly traded, with the exception of PEMEX, which is 100% state-owned, and Xignux, which is a privately held family-owned firm

Striving to overcome the economic crisis: Progress and diversification of Mexican multinationals’ export of capital

The Institute for Economic Research (IIEc) of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and the Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International Investment (VCC), a joint initiative of the Columbia Law School and the Earth Institute at Columbia University in New York, are releasing the results of their third survey of Mexican multinationals today. The survey is part of a long-term study of the rapid global expansion of multinational enterprises (MNEs) from emerging markets. The present report focuses on data for the year 2010. Highlights In 2010, the top 20 Mexican MNEs had foreign assets of USDD 123 billion (table 1 below), foreign sales of USDD 71 billion, and employed 255,340 people abroad (see annex table 1 in annex I). The top two firms, America Movil and CEMEX, together controlled USDD 85 billion in foreign assets, accounting for nearly 70% of the assets on the list. The top four firms (including FEMSA and Grupo Mexico) jointly held USDD 104 billion, which represents almost 85% of the list’s foreign assets. Leading industries in this ranking, by numbers of MNEs, are non-metallic minerals (four companies) and food and beverages (another four companies). All but two of the 20 are firms whose shares are traded on a stock exchange. The exceptions are PEMEX, Mexico’s fully state-owned oil and gas firm, and Xignux, a diversified family-owned enterprise. The top 20 MNEs had 223 foreign affiliates (branches, subsidiaries, et al). As with their counterparts elsewhere in Latin America, Mexican MNEs show a very strong regional orientation. As annex table 2 makes clear, the top 20 overwhelmingly prefer to invest in Latin America. The next region of choice, with a substantial presence of Mexican affiliates, is North America. Europe (mainly the European Union) is a somewhat distant third. The presence of Mexican MNEs in Asia seems to be growing, if slow. In 2008, four of them had affiliates in Asia; in 2010, seven did

Del bloqueo cubano al embargo nicaraguense

El daño económico que el bloqueo comercial provocará a Nicaragua es serio: éste ha sido estimado en 50 mdd anuales considerando que en 1984 las exportaciones hacia los Estados Unidos se elevaron a 57 millones mientras que las importaciones alcanzaron la suma de 17 millones. El bloqueo comercial a puesto a la revolución sandinista frente a un predicamento que para ser resuelto requiere de altos costos económico y políticos

Las relaciones México-Estados Unidos: Hacia un replanteamiento de fondo

Se analiza la problemática de las relación entre México y Estados Unidos sumida en un marco de desequilibrio de política exterior a partir de mayo de 1986. De acuerdo a la autora, esta reformulación de pólitica no puede ser el resultado de ataques y contraataques mutuos; si algo resulta urgente en este momento, es el diseño de una estrategia diplomática, por parte de México, que supere el inmediatismo imperante que ha caracterizado sus recientes relaciones con los Estados Unidos en contraposición con su tradicional actitud. Frente a un vecino ocupado en la recuperación de la grandeza y el orgullo nacional ¿qué concepto de seguridad y soberanía posee México

Algunas implicaciones políticas de la deuda externa

Los países de América Latina y el Caribe constituyen la región más endeudada del mundo en desarrollo. Para fines de 1985 la deuda externa llegará a la cifra de 368,000 mdd y en los años 1984 y 1985 los pagos de utilidades y de intereses al exterior ascenderán a más de 35,000 mdd al año. Estos pagos equivalían a más del 35% del valor de las exportaciones de bienes y servicios de la región, lo que supone el coeficiente más elevado de servicio de la deuda en el mundo

Un modelo conceptual sobre el funcionamiento de los ríos mediterráneos sometidos a perturbaciones naturales (riadas y sequías)

The Mediterranean regions are prone to suffer extraordinary flash-floods and prolonged droughts. Between these extreme events, there are small floods and droughts that are more common and more predictable. These smaller floods and droughts, along with the others mentioned before generate an extraordinarily complex temporal hydrological picture whose affects have been partly described by different authors, including those affecting the human population. The information compiled during nearly two decades by the group of Ecology of Continental Waters of the University of Murcia, about the effects of these events on rivers of the Segura River Basin, allows for elaborating a conceptual model about the function of several physical, physico-chemical, and biological parameters in rivers in the southwest, in particular and Mediterranean rivers in general.Las regiones mediterráneas son proclives a sufrir avenidas extraordinarias y sequías prolongadas. Entre estos eventos extremos, se sitúan las crecidas y estiajes más habituales y predecibles que, junto a los anteriores configuran un cuadro hidrológico temporal extraordinariamente complejo cuyos efectos han sido descritos parcialmente por diferentes autores, incluidos aquellos que afectan a la población humana. La información recogida durante casi dos décadas por el Grupo de Ecología de Aguas Continentales de la Universidad de Murcia, sobre los efectos de estos eventos en ríos de la Cuenca del Segura, permite elaborar un modelo conceptual sobre el funcionamiento de distintos parámetros físicos, físico-químicos y biológicos en ríos del sureste, en particular y mediterráneos, en general

An update on the biodiversity, occurrence, and distribution of the Family Longidoridae In Portugal

The genera Xiphinema, Longidorus, and Paralongidorus (Nematoda: Longidoridae) are ectoparasitic nematodes considered to be important economical pests because of their activity as vectors of important plant nepovirus, with some species included in the list of quarantine organisms in many European countries. Knowledge of the biodiversity and occurrence of nematode group species is a prerequisite for the establishment of sound management strategies and control measures. According to data collected from databases and published literature, an update on the distribution and occurrence of Paralongidorus spp., Longidorus spp., and Xiphinema spp. from Portugal (including the Madeira and Azores archipelagos) is herein proposed. To date a total of 55 species (15 Longidorus, 1 Paralongidorus, and 39 Xiphinema) has been recorded from the Portuguese territories; 55 species in Continental Portugal, while 8 and 9 species in the archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira respectively. The biodiversity of species in Portugal is probably one of the highest in the world, though it appears to be higher in “dagger” (Xiphinema) than in “needle” (Longidorus, and Paralongidorus) nematodes

Es diferenciado el impacto de la crisis en las multinacionales mexicanas, según los resultados de una investigación internacional conjunta

El Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas (IIEc) de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) y el Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International Investment (VCC), una iniciativa conjunta entre Columbia Law School y The Earth Institute, de la Universidad de Columbia en Nueva York, publican hoy los resultados de su segunda encuesta anual sobre las empresas multinacionales de México . La encuesta forma parte de un estudio de largo plazo acerca de la rápida expansión global de las empresas multinacionales de las economías emergentes. El presente informe se centra en los datos para el 2009. Aspectos destacados del informe Este año las 20 empresas del ranking listadas en el cuadro 1 suman USD 117 billones de activos foráneos, USD 63 billones de ventas foráneas y 227,484 empleados en el extranjero. Las tres empresas que encabezan la lista son CEMEX, América Móvil y Carso Global Telecom que controlan USD 86 billones de activos foráneos representando el 73% del total. Los sectores en los que se ubica el mayor número de empresas del ranking son: bebidas y alimentos (4 firmas), minerales no metálicos (4 firmas) y telecomunicaciones (2 firmas). Continuando con la tendencia tradicional de la inversión extranjera directa (IED) mexicana, la mayor parte de ésta fue realizada en Latinoamérica y el Caribe y en Norteamérica (específicamente en EU). Les sigue en importancia Europa Occidental y ha comenzado a aparecer en China, India y Australia. Las acciones de todas las empresas del ranking se negocian en la bolsa de valores con la excepción de PEMEX que es 100% de propiedad estatal y de Xignux

Changes in the dynamics of Mexicans multinationals vis-á-vis the reforms on finance, energy and telecommunications in the midst of the crisis

The Institute for Economic Research (IIEc) of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and the Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment (CCSI), a joint center of Columbia Law School and the Earth Institute at Columbia University in New York, are releasing the results of their sixth survey of Mexican multinationals today. The survey, conducted during 2014, is part of a long-term study of the rapid global expansion of multinational enterprises (MNEs) from emerging markets. The present report focuses on 2013 data

Salient Features of Large Mexican Multinationals, 2012

The Institute for Economic Research (IIEc) of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and the Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International Investment (VCC), a joint center of the Columbia Law School and the Earth Institute at Columbia University in New York, are releasing the results of their fifth survey of Mexican multinationals today. The survey, conducted during 2013, is part of a long-term study of the rapid global expansion of multinational enterprises (MNEs) from emerging markets. The present report focuses on data for the year 2012