Length of the artificial incubation in red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa)

La incubación artificial de los huevos es una fase del manejo clave para la viabilidad de las granjas cinegéticas de perdiz roja (Alectoris rufa). Sin embargo, la duración de la incubación artificial y la dispersión de las eclosiones no han sido previamente cuantificadas en esta especie. Con este objetivo se analizaron cuatro ensayos de incubación artificial de huevos de perdiz roja procedentes de tres granjas cinegéticas del sur de España realizados incluyendo variabilidad de factores de manejo de los reproductores y de la incubación. La duración media de la incubación fue de 23,4 días, difiriendo entre ensayos (P = 0,004), con un valor modal de 23 días y finalizando la mayoría de las eclosiones (percentil 95) el día 24,5 de incubación. La eclosión mostró una distribución asimétrica positiva y leptocúrtica, como corresponde al patrón de eclosión de las especies precociales. Las eclosiones, que pueden comenzar el día 21,5 y finalizar el día 26 de incubación, se extendieron en promedio durante cuatro días, periodo mayor que el descrito en la literatura divulgativa probablemente porque en el presente estudio los huevos no estuvieron en contacto entre sí, lo que pudo limitar la sincronía en la eclosión. Los resultados de este estudio son útiles para conocer la distribución de la eclosión en las granjas cinegéticas de perdiz roja, posibilitando la mejora del manejo de los lotes de huevos en la nacedoraThe artificial incubation of the eggs is a key management phase for the feasibility of the red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) game farms. However, the length of the artificial incubation and the spreading pattern of the hatching have not been previously quantified in this species. To this end, four trials of artificial incubation of eggs from three red-legged partridge game farms located in southern Spain were analised. The trials included a wide range of variability with regard to management of breeders and incubation process. The average length of the incubation period was 23.4 days, with differences among trials (P = 0,004), showing a modal value of 23 days. Most of the chicks (percentile 95) hatched before 24.5 days of incubation. The distribution of the hatch was leptokurtic and showed positive asymmetry, fitting with the hatching pattern of the precocial species. The hatching, that can start on day 21.5 and finish on day 26 of incubation, were spread over four days on average. This period was longer than that described in the informative literature, probably because in the present study the eggs were not in contact with each other, which could have limited the hatching synchrony. The results of the present study are useful to understand the distribution of hatching in the red-legged game farms, enabling improved management of the batches of eggs in the hatchery

L-Grassf: A New Model for Simulating the Genetic Environment Interactions on the Reproductive Phenology of Grasses

Predicting the reproductive phenology in perennial grasses is a major concern because it determines the quantity and quality of forage. It varies a lot depending on site, year and cultivar. Projections of future climates suggest significant changes in seasonal temperature pattern, with new combinations of temperature and photoperiod, whose consequences on the floral induction of perennial grasses are unknown. L-GrassF is a new Functional Structural Plant Model simulating genetic variability of the phenology of perennial ryegrass in order to better understand the perenniality of grasslands and better anticipate the effects of climate change. L-GrassF stems from a previous model (L-Grass) and now simulates the reproductive stages by integrating the interactions between vegetative growth, floral induction and reproductive organ development. The sensitivity analysis of a set of parameters was studied in the range of oceanic temperate climate conditions, on several European cultivars. It was further calibrated and validated on two independent datasets from the French Variety and Seed Study and Control Group (GEVES), which include the observations of heading dates for seven cultivars of Lolium perenne grown in six French locations between 2001 and 2017

Anthropometrical profile of elite Spanish judoka: comparative analysis among ages

P. 240-245El objetivo del estudio fue comparar las variables antropométricas en judoka masculino y femenino de los equipos nacionales españoles. Material y métodos: Participaron en este estudio ochenta y siete judokas españoles de todas las categorías de peso: mujeres (n = 46) - cadete (n = 16), junior (n = 12) y senior (n = 18); varones (n = 44) - cadete (n = 18), junior (n = 15) y senior (n = 8). Se realizaron mediciones antropométricas de masa corporal, altura, grosor del pliegue cutáneo, circunferencias y amplitud. También se estimaron los componentes del somatotipo, el índice de masa corporal, la grasa corporal y la masa muscular. Se utilizaron un análisis de varianza de dos vías (género y edad) y la prueba de Tukey para comparar los grupos. Resultados: (1) los hombres eran más pesados, más altos, tenían menor grasa corporal y mayor masa muscular absoluta y valores relativos, circunferencias y diámetros óseos, endomorfos inferiores y componentes mesomorfos superiores que las mujeres; (2) para el grosor del pliegue cutáneo, los hombres presentaron valores más bajos en las extremidades que las mujeres, pero no se encontraron diferencias en el grosor del pliegue cutáneo del tronco; (3) se encontraron pocas diferencias entre las categorías de edad, con cadetes que presentaban menor circunferencia del brazo flexionado y amplitud ósea del húmero epicondilo en comparación con los juveniles junior y senior, y menor masa muscular absoluta en comparación con los seniors; (4) Se observó una tendencia a reducir el dimorfismo sexual en algunas dimensiones antropológicas y en los componentes endomórficos y mesomórficos en todas las categorías de edad. Conclusiones: los atletas de judo de cadetes de nivel morfológicamente alto son muy similares a los atletas de mayor edad y los entrenadores pueden seleccionarlos a partir de estas edades. Estos datos pueden utilizarse como referencia para entrenadores y profesionales del acondicionamiento físicoS

A Fingerprint Image Encryption Scheme Based on Hyperchaotic Rössler Map

Currently, biometric identifiers have been used to identify or authenticate users in a biometric system to increase the security in access control systems. Nevertheless, there are several attacks on the biometric system to steal and recover the user’s biometric trait. One of the most powerful attacks is extracting the fingerprint pattern when it is transmitted over communication lines between modules. In this paper, we present a novel fingerprint image encryption scheme based on hyperchaotic Rössler map to provide high security and secrecy in user’s biometric trait, avoid identity theft, and increase the robustness of the biometric system. A complete security analysis is presented to justify the secrecy of the biometric trait by using our proposed scheme at statistical level with 100% of NPCR, low correlation, and uniform histograms. Therefore, it can be used in secure biometric access control systems

Estrés oxidativo en judocas de élite sometidos al test de Sterkowicz

P. 380Se presenta una evaluación de los marcadores de estrés oxidativo para poder corregirlos mediante una intervención dietética específica.S

Dietary regulation of VEGFb gene expression is related to its promoter DNA methylation levels

Motivación: Recientemente se ha descrito la implicación del factor de crecimiento del endotelio vascular B (VEGFb) en la absorción de los ácidos grasos (AGs) en los tejidos y su relación con el desarrollo de diferentes enfermedades metabólicas tal como la obesidad y la diabetes tipo 2. El objetivo de este estudio es investigar el efecto de la composición de los AGs de la dieta en la regulación de la expresión génica del VEGFb en los tejidos adiposos de rata, y si este efecto está relacionado mediante modificación por metilación del DNA en el promotor del VEGFb. De esta forma la modificación de la dieta puede ser una nueva estrategia para modular la acumulación patológica de los lípidos en la obesidad o en la diabetes. Métodos: A cada grupo de ratas fue asignado una de tres diferentes dietas isoenergéticas, cada una con una concentración diferente de AGs saturados, mono y poliinsaturados (dieta de aceite de coco, aceite de oliva y de girasol). Los animales fueron alimentados durante un mes. Las muestras de tejido adiposo visceral (VAT) y subcutáneo (SAT) se tomaron inmediatamente para estudios de metilación y  expresión génica. También de estos tejidos se tomaron mediciones de la composición de los AGs de los triglicéridos y la acumulación total de los tejidos adiposos. Resultados: Ni los pesos de los animales ni de los depósitos adiposos ni la acumulación lípidica del tejido cambiaban con las dietas. La composición en AGs de ambos tejidos fue significativamente diferente en función de la dieta consumida(p <0,0001 para todos los AGs estudiados). El nivel de expresión del gen VEGFb se correlaciona directamente con la acumulación de lípidos de cada tejido y con la composición de AGs del tejido. En ambos tejidos, los niveles de expresión génica del VEGFb y de metilación del promotor fueron diferentes con respecto a la dieta consumida, estando la expresión génica y los niveles de metilación del promotor del VEGFb inversamente correlacionados. Los valores más altos de expresión génica, y los más bajos de metilación del promotor, se encontraron en las ratas alimentadas con la dieta rica en aceite de coco. Conclusiones: La expresión del gen Vegfb en el tejido adiposo se asocia con el aumento en la acumulación de grasa. El estudio presentado muestra que la expresión génica del Vegfb está regulada por los AGs de la dieta, y esta regulación está relacionada con el nivel de metilación de la región promotora del Vegfb

Chromatin-associated regulation of sorbitol synthesis in flower buds of peach

[EN] Key message PpeS6PDH gene is postulated to mediate sorbitol synthesis in flower buds of peach concomitantly with specific chromatin modifications. Abstract Perennial plants have evolved an adaptive mechanism involving protection of meristems within specialized structures named buds in order to survive low temperatures and water deprivation during winter. A seasonal period of dormancy further improves tolerance of buds to environmental stresses through specific mechanisms poorly known at the molecular level. We have shown that peach PpeS6PDH gene is down-regulated in flower buds after dormancy release, concomitantly with changes in the methylation level at specific lysine residues of histone H3 (H3K27 and H3K4) in the chromatin around the translation start site of the gene. PpeS6PDH encodes a NADPH-dependent sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, the key enzyme for biosynthesis of sorbitol. Consistently, sorbitol accumulates in dormant buds showing higher PpeS6PDH expression. Moreover, PpeS6PDH gene expression is affected by cold and water deficit stress. Particularly, its expression is up-regulated by low temperature in buds and leaves, whereas desiccation treatment induces PpeS6PDH in buds and represses the gene in leaves. These data reveal the concurrent participation of chromatin modification mechanisms, transcriptional regulation of PpeS6PDH and sorbitol accumulation in flower buds of peach. In addition to its role as a major translocatable photosynthate in Rosaceae species, sorbitol is a widespread compatible solute and cryoprotectant, which suggests its participation in tolerance to environmental stresses in flower buds of peach.This work was funded by the Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)-FEDER (RF2013-00043-C02-02) and the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain (AGL2010-20595). 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Operations of and Future Plans for the Pierre Auger Observatory

Technical reports on operations and features of the Pierre Auger Observatory, including ongoing and planned enhancements and the status of the future northern hemisphere portion of the Observatory. Contributions to the 31st International Cosmic Ray Conference, Lodz, Poland, July 2009.Comment: Contributions to the 31st ICRC, Lodz, Poland, July 200