Opportunities and risks among migrant workers in the hotel industry in Oslo

This article examines working conditions, careers and aspirations among immigrants working in the hotel industry in the Greater Oslo region. Using theories of labour market segregation and segmentation, and drawing on survey data of hotel workers, we show how migrants from various backgrounds are distributed into different jobs and have different work experiences in the hotel sector. Correspondence analysis shows how hotel workers are distributed along two major dimensions: quality of working conditions and time dimension of their current job. Migrants’ geographic background emerges as closely linked to their clustering patterns along these two dimensions, with very diverse implications for job opportunities and risks

A note on sampling procedures for the hotel survey

Last ned gratis The paper decribes the sample for the survey of hotel employees in Oslo and Akershus. it gives details of challenges met and measures made to obtain a representative sample of the target population. The paper also presents the calculation of sampling weights to adjust for the sample not being selfweighting. Tilknyttet prosjekt Industrial relations under global stres

Rumensk tiggemigrasjon i et menneskehandelsperspektiv

Sammendrag Fattigdom og marginalisering gir økt sårbarhet for utnytting, og rom er overrepresentert blant ofre for menneskehandel både i Norge og Europa for øvrig. Etter Romanias inntreden i EU har migrasjon til Norge for å tigge blitt en etablert praksis enkelte steder i Romania. Denne artikkelen beskriver denne migrasjonsstrømmen, og diskuterer potensialet for maktmisbruk og utnytting av tiggere. Med utgangspunkt i norsk menneskehandelslovgivning analyseres makt- og sårbarhetsrelasjoner i form av kontroll over og avhengighet av ulike typer ressurser som tiggere trenger. Basert på et omfattende kvalitativt og kvantitativt datamateriale produsert i Norge og Romania, tar vi for oss økonomisk avhengighet knyttet til informasjon, lån og transporttjenester, tiggeplasser og trygge steder å sove, samt emosjonell og sosial avhengighet knyttet til beskyttelse og støtte innenfor uformelle nettverk og familierelasjoner. Vi viser hvordan ressursene som tiggerne trenger vanskelig lar seg monopolisere, samtidig som nettverksdrevet «klyngemigrasjon» og vilje til å sove ute under kummerlige forhold reduserer avhengigheten av eksterne aktører. Avhengigheten av tette uformelle relasjoner kan til gjengjeld øke sårbarhet for utnytting innad i familie og nettverk, fordi kostnadene ved å bryte oppleves som store. Vi finner imidlertid ikke at denne sårbarheten øker gjennom migrasjon

Roma Migration and the Cumulative Causation of Diverging Policy Responses in Scandinavia

Since 2007, Scandinavia has emerged as a new destination for Romanian Roma engaging in circular migration for begging and street work. Using policy documents from parliamentary debates in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark, survey data on Romanian migrants in Stockholm, Oslo, and Copenhagen, and qualitative fieldwork in Scandinavia and Romania, this article explores the dynamic relationship between Scandinavian policy responses and migrant selection and adaptations. First, we demonstrate how the Scandinavian countries differ in their approach to migration for begging as a policy problem, resulting in different contexts of reception. Second, we show that these different contexts of reception have given rise to differences in the selection and adaptations of migrant beggars and street workers in each of the three capital cities. Third, we hypothesize that the relationship between policy responses and migrant adaptations should be conceptualized as a process of cumulative causation, where pre-existing policy differences are reinforced through positive feedback

Polonia i Oslo. En studie av arbeids- og levekår blant polakker i hovedstadsområdet = The Polonia in Oslo. A study of working and living conditions of Polish migrants in the city area

No abstract available

Human Trafficking Cases in Chile: Challenges for Reducing the Dark Figure

At the global level, human trafficking estimates face a few limitations regarding dark figure. In addressing this type of crime, the Chilean criminal justice system is characterized by a deficient performance both in terms of identification of victims and conviction rates. This concerning situation is largely driven by the operation of several biases and shortcomings that conceal the perpetration of human trafficking acts in Chile. A paradigmatic example of this is the fact that there have been no trafficking cases brought to court in Tarapacá, a trans-border Chilean region with highest proportion of foreign population. Taken together, these facts point to a structural problem associated to processes of globalization and securitization of the border in the context of an institutional culture deeply rooted in a national security doctrine. In this scenario, drawing on a systematic review of the relevant case law in Chile, this article reflects on human trafficking dynamics in the context of a highly securitized border region in Latin America. The focus is on the mechanisms by which these cases are known and processed by the criminal justice system, with special attention to elements with a high potential for estimating the dark figure through the Multiple System Estimation method and for reducing these multiple biases and limitations. From this analysis, critical recommendations are drawn for both law enforcement and border control agencies to reduce this dark figure of human trafficking cases. This paper thereby assumes that situated research is essential to overcome these shortcomings, since it leads to consider the influence of local, historical, and structural factors in the study of this largely invisible criminal phenomenon