Primary pelvic hydatid cyst: a rare case report

 Primary pelvic hydatid cyst disease is a zoonotic parasitic disease most frequently caused by Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis. Primary pelvic hydatid cyst is a rare entity. A 39-year-old, para 3 living 3 presented to casualty with acute pain abdomen and a suprapubic mass. Patient gave history of acute lower abdominal pain since 4 days associated with vomiting. On examination, a palpable mass around 18 weeks size, firm to hard in consistency with ill-defined margins and restricted mobility and suprapubic tenderness. Lower limit could not be reached, extending from right iliac fossa to midline. Per vaginum findings suggestive of mass deviated to right side with fullness in right fornix. No cervical motion tenderness. The pre-operative tumor marker levels were as follows: CA125=12.44 U/mL (normal=0-35), CEA=0.09 ng/mL (normal=0-2.5). CA19.9=16.79 U/mL (normal=1.2-30). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was found to be 82 mm in the first hour. Transabdominal ultrasound suggestive of adnexal mass? ovarian with moderate ascites. Urinary bladder seen separately. Contrast enhanced computed topography (CECT) suggestive of complicated right para-ovarian /ovarian cystic mass like cystadenoma. Exploratory laparotomy was done and specimen (uterus, cervix, omental biopsy and peritoneal washings) was sent for Histopathological report. Histopathological examination of the haematoxylin and eosin-stained section revealed ruptured brood capsule releasing daughter cyst. Post-operative period was uneventful. Patient received full course of anti-helminthic treatment

Comparison of maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnancy with altered thyroid profile and euthyroid patients: a prospective, observational and case control study in a tertiary care centre

Background: Thyroid disease is one of the commonest endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, and when untreated during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of complications. The objective of this review was to increase awareness and to provide a review on adverse effect of thyroid dysfunction on maternal and perinatal outcome.Methods: This prospective, observational hospital-based case-control study carried on women coming for antenatal check-up in a Tertiary Care Hospital in INDORE from May 2018-December 2018. 50 known booked antenatal (case) patient with established thyroid disorder, more than 32 week of gestation, and 50-matched euthyroid patients (control) were taken.Results: Women suffering from overt and subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are nulliparous in 72% cases as compared to 32% in euthyroid patient. Increased maternal age was associated with higher incidence of thyroid dysfunction. Normal vaginal delivery by spontaneous labour seen in 56% of euthyroid, while it is reduced with thyroid dysfunction. 38% of altered thyroid profile patient undergo induction of labour and 24% cases undergo caesarean section as compared to control (17%). Adverse fetal outcome like intrauterine growth retardation, preterm birth and ICU admission seen increased with thyroid dysfunction  as compared to euthyroid patients.Conclusions: Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy, although has a low incidence, but is associated with adverse maternal and fetal implications. Thus, thyroid screening should be done in antenatal period to improve fetomaternal outcome

Single visit endodontics with associated myths: A review

A successful endodontic treatment depends upon localization, proper chemomechanical preparation of the root canal system, debridement, shaping, disinfection, and three-dimensional obturation of canal system. To achieve this, endodontic therapy used to be performed in multiple visits for complete disinfection of the canals in other words for the better success of endodontic therapy. One-visit endodontic therapy is defined as ‘the conservative non-surgical treatment of an endodontically involved tooth consisting of complete biomechanical cleansing, shaping and obturation of the root canal system during one visit’. The concept of single visit root canal treatment is predicted on the entombing theory, which states that the large number of microorganisms are removed during cleaning and shaping and therefore the remaining bacteria are entombed by the root canal obturation, and it’ll miss the essential elements to survive, nutrition and space. The recent advances, helps the dental practitioners and endodontists to perform the root canal treatment in single visit

Ultrasonics in endodontics: A review

The piezoelectric ultrasonic device has the potential to become routinely incorporated into almost every component of endodontic treatment, re-treatment, and apical microsurgery. It is already indispensable as a precise tool with which the most challenging clinical situations, such as finding hidden root canals and removing root canal obstructions, can be done with relative ease, predictability, and conservancy. It can be seen by the few innovative studies which take advantage of the energizing ability of ultrasound that a thorough understanding of how ultrasonic tips and files behave with irrigants and tooth structure can produce methods and conditions to truly enhance the beneficial effect of such energy in the confined root canal space

Lasers in endodontics: A review

The scope of lasers in the field of Endodontic practices and research has increased rapidly in the past few years. Laser is light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation which provides blood loss field during treatment procedures. It is a non- invasive procedure with various applications in dentistry. However, lasers are slightly costlier than traditional treatment but are an effective tool to increase efficiency, specificity, ease and comfort of the dental treatment. This present article reviews the various applications of lasers in Endodontics

Lasers in Endodontics: A Review

The scope of lasers in the field of Endodontic practices and research has increased rapidly in the past few years. Laser is light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation which provides blood loss field during treatment procedures. It is a non- invasive procedure with various applications in dentistry. However, lasers are slightly costlier than traditional treatment but are an effective tool to increase efficiency, specificity, ease and comfort of the dental treatment. This present article reviews the various applications of lasers in Endodontics

Treatment of Acute Apical Abscess by Endodontic Management

Acute apical abscess is most common dental disease. It is formed when the infection from root canal travel to the periapical tissues followed by the formation of pus. A clinician must have a thorough idea about the management and regimens that is best given to treat the disease. The purpose of this article was to describe the endodontic management of an Acute Apical Abscess in an 21 year-old girl. The patient presented inflammation of extraoral tissue