A Multistage High Capacity Reversible Data Hiding Technique Without Overhead Communication

Reversible Data Hiding(RDH) has been extensively investigated, recently, due to its numerous applications in the field of defence, medical, law enforcement and image authentication. However, most of RDH techniques suffer from low secret data hiding capacity and communication overhead. For this, multistage high-capacity reversible data hiding technique without overhead is proposed in this manuscript. Proposed reversible data hiding approach exploits histogram peaks for embedding the secret data along with overhead bits both in plain and encrypted domain. First, marked image is obtained by embedding secret data in the plain domain which is further processed using affine cipher maintaining correlation among the pixels. In second stage, overhead bits are embedded in the encrypted marked image. High embedding capacity is achieved through exploiting histogram peak for embedding multiple bits of secret data. Proposed approach is experimentally validated on different datasets and results are compared with the state-of-the-art techniques over different images

Exercise Responses to Metabolic Function on High Altitude Pulmonary Edema Susceptible Individuals

The study was aimed to evaluate and compare resting and exercise induced metabolic responses between acclimatized high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) susceptible (HAPE-s) and HAPE resistance (HAPE-r) volunteers at sea level. A group of 14 Indian soldiers volunteered for this study, divided into two groups, (i) HAPE-s, with past history of HAPE [n1 = 7; age = 33.3 ± 4.5 (M ± SD)] and (ii) HAPE-r, with prior history of repeated exposure to high altitude and without suffering HAPE [n2 = 7; age = 31.9 ± 4.2 (M ± SD)]. Respiratory frequency (fR), tidal volume (T), minute ventilation (E), oxygen consumption (O2), carbon dioxide output (CO2), heart rate (HR) and respiratory quotient (RQ) were recorded on all the volunteers during resting and exercise conditions. Ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (EqO2) and oxygen pulse (O2P) were calculated. Significant differences were observed between HAPE-s and HAPE-r volunteers in fRrest (25.3% higher), O2Prest (23.7% lower), Emax (50.9% lower) (all P<0.05), fRmax (55.7% lower), O2max (55.5% lower), O2Pmax (34.2% lower) (all P<0.01) and CO2max (42.1% lower, P<0.001). Rest of the parameters did not show any significant differences between the study groups. The study revealed that resting and exercise induced metabolic responses of HAPE-r volunteers was better as compared to acclimatized HAPE-s volunteers at sea level

Dichlorido[μ-10,21-dimethyl-2,7,13,18-tetra­phenyl-3,6,14,17-tetra­aza­tricyclo­[17.3.1.18,12]tetra­cosa-1(23),2,6,8,10,12(24),13,17,19,21-deca­ene-23,24-diolato]dicopper(II) ethanol hemisolvate dihydrate

The dinuclear title complex, [Cu2(C46H38N4O2)Cl2]·0.5C2H5OH·2H2O, is located on crystallographic inversion centres with two half-mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The two CuII atoms are coordinated by a hexa­dentate dianionic ligand formed in situ from the condensation of two tridentate ligands by four imine N atoms and two bridging phenolate O atoms along with two Cl atoms at axial positions. The coordination geometry around the metal atoms is distorted square-pyramidal (τ = 0.185 and 0.199). The non-bonding Cu⋯Cu distances are 2.9556 (12) and 2.9506 (12) Å in the two dimers. The packing is stabilized through solvent-mediated inter­molecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. The diamine chain of one of the dimers is disordered over two positions in a 0.680 (5):0.320 (5) ratio

Applications of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) in chemical reaction engineering

Most of the chemical reaction engineering optimization problems encounters more than one objective functions. A considerable amount of research has been reported on the multiobjective optimization of various chemical reactors using various non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms. This is reviewed in this paper. The introduction of the topic is given at the beginning, followed by the description of multi-objective optimization and Pareto set. We have then discussed various non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms and its applications in chemical reaction engineering. Some comments are also made on the future research direction in this area

Immunosuppressive and anti-cancer potential of aqueous extract of Solanum Xanthocarpum

451-457In this study whole plant aqueous extract of Solanum Xanthocarpum (HAESX) was investigated to assess its effect on humoral immune response along with interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and its expression in Wistar albino rats splenocytes culture. Anticancer potential of HAESX was investigated using rat lever hepatoma (N1S1 cancerous cell line). The effect of HAESX over humoral immune response was studied using four groups of five animals each (Group-I as control, Group -II orally fed with 125 mg/kg body weight, Group -III orally fed with 250 mg/kg body weight and Group -IV orally fed with 500 mg/kg body weight of HAESX). Quantification of IL-2 was done by sandwich ELISA and its expression was detected by the real time PCR. SRB assay (Sulforhodamine B) was done for detecting the effect of HAESX on N1S1 cell line. Dose dependent decrease in antibody titer was observed and production of IL-2 was also decreased significantly. Suppression of IL-2 production at 250 µg/mL and 500 µg/mL dose was also confirmed by the Real time PCR. Relative fold change in the expression of IL-2 gene was 592.22 and 10.77 at 250, 500 μg/mL HAESX concentrations respectively with respect to control. Dose dependent suppression of percent growth of N1S1 cells with increasing concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 80 µg/mL) of HAESX was found. It was concluded that S. xanthocarpum have the immunosuppressive, and anti cancer activity that can be further explore in treatment of various inflammatory and autoimmune disease

Immunosuppressive and anti-cancer potential of aqueous extract of Solanum Xanthocarpum

In this study whole plant aqueous extract of Solanum Xanthocarpum (HAESX) was investigated to assess its effect on humoral immune response along with interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and its expression in Wistar albino rats splenocytes culture. Anticancer potential of HAESX was investigated using rat lever hepatoma (N1S1 cancerous cell line). The effect of HAESX over humoral immune response was studied using four groups of five animals each (Group-I as control, Group -II orally fed with 125 mg/kg body weight, Group -III orally fed with 250 mg/kg body weight and Group -IV orally fed with 500 mg/kg body weight of HAESX). Quantification of IL-2 was done by sandwich ELISA and its expression was detected by the real time PCR. SRB assay (Sulforhodamine B) was done for detecting the effect of HAESX on N1S1 cell line. Dose dependent decrease in antibody titer was observed and production of IL-2 was also decreased significantly. Suppression of IL-2 production at 250 µg/mL and 500 µg/mL dose was also confirmed by the Real time PCR. Relative fold change in the expression of IL-2 gene was 592.22 and 10.77 at 250, 500 μg/mL HAESX concentrations respectively with respect to control. Dose dependent suppression of percent growth of N1S1 cells with increasing concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 80 µg/mL) of HAESX was found. It was concluded that S. xanthocarpum have the immunosuppressive, and anti cancer activity that can be further explore in treatment of various inflammatory and autoimmune disease

Case Report Sclerosing Sertoli Cell Tumor of the Testis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

ABSTRAC

Squamous Metaplasia in Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Diagnostic and Prognostic Enigma

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign salivary gland tumor. Histologically, squamous metaplasia has been reported in PA, but has rarely been documented as being extensive enough to cause significant misdiagnosis. Here, we present an unusual case of PA in a 50-year-old female patient presenting with swelling on the postero-lateral aspect of the palate for a week. Histopathologically, the tumor exhibited the features of conventional PA with extensive squamous metaplasia and giant keratotic lamellae in cyst-like areas. Such exuberant squamous metaplasia and keratin can be a diagnostic and prognostic pitfall and lead to overtreatment of the patient

Influence of Al doping in LaCoO3 on structural, electrical and magnetic properties

We report investigations on polycrystalline LaCo1-xAlxO3 (x = 0-0.9) bulk samples. The solid state synthesized samples showed a coexistence of rhombohedral and monoclinic phases in the intermediate concentrations (0.2 <= x <= 0.5) and pure rhombohedral phase otherwise. The observed effect of Al doping on dc transport has been analysed on the basis of small polaron hopping mechanism. The magnetisation results presented give evidence of weak ferromagnetism and anomalous temperature dependence of coercivity which we associate to the canting of the localised high-spin Co(III) and anti-symmetric exchange interactions at low temperatures

Efficacy of Manjistha and Ginger Powder in Extending the Lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster

Ageing is a condition of deterioration of the physiological functions necessary for survival and fertility over time. It is found to be due to cellular damage caused by reactive oxygen species produced during normal metabolism. Effect of manjistha and ginger were tested to see any effect on the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster. Significant upsurge in the life span of flies reared on manjistha and ginger supplemented media was observed. These plant powders were observed to thwart the oxidative stress caused by paraquat, a potent herbicide and model neurotoxicant. Upon paraquat treatment, mortality rate of 12% and 8% was observed in male and female flies respectively that were reared on manjistha supplemented media whereas mortality of 100% and 92% were observed in male and female flies respectively when reared on control media. The present study suggests potential benefits on the longevity of the flies by the dietary supplementation with ginger and manjistha, especially in the oxidative stress condition. These findings should be further examined to identify active components in these plant products that show its manifestation on the well-being of the fly