90 research outputs found
Soft tissue recurrent ameloblastomas also show some malignant features: a clinicopathological study of a 15-year database
Background: To investigate the clinicopathological features of six cases of soft tissue recurrent ameloblastoma
and explore the role of increased aggressive biological behavior in the recurrences and treatment of this type of
ameloblastomas.
Material and Methods: In this study, we retrospectively reviewed recurrent ameloblastomas during a 15-year period; six cases were diagnosed as soft tissue recurrent ameloblastoma. The clinical, radiographic, cytological and
immunohistochemical records of these six cases were investigated and analyzed.
Results: All the six soft tissue recurrent ameloblastomas occurred after radical bone resection, and were located
in the adjacent soft tissues around the osteotomy regions. In Case 4, the patient developed pulmonary metastasis,
extensive skull-base infiltration and cytological malignancy after multiple recurrences and malignant transformation was diagnosed. In the other five cases, although there were no cytological signs are sufficient to justify
an ameloblastoma as malignant, some malignant features were observed. In Case 1, the tumor showed moderate
atypical hyperplasia and the Ki-67 staining percentage was 40% positive, which are strongly suggestive of potential malignance. In Case 5, the patient developed a second soft tissue recurrence in the parapharyngeal region
and later died of tumor-related complications. All the remaining three patients showed cytology atypia of varying
degrees and high expression of PCNA or Ki-67, which confirmed active cell proliferation.
Conclusions: Increased aggressiveness is an important factor of soft tissue recurrence. An intraoperative rapid
pathological examination and more radical treatment are suggested for these cases
Adaptive Communications in Collaborative Perception with Domain Alignment for Autonomous Driving
Collaborative perception among multiple connected and autonomous vehicles can
greatly enhance perceptive capabilities by allowing vehicles to exchange
supplementary information via communications. Despite advances in previous
approaches, challenges still remain due to channel variations and data
heterogeneity among collaborative vehicles. To address these issues, we propose
ACC-DA, a channel-aware collaborative perception framework to dynamically
adjust the communication graph and minimize the average transmission delay
while mitigating the side effects from the data heterogeneity. Our novelties
lie in three aspects. We first design a transmission delay minimization method,
which can construct the communication graph and minimize the transmission delay
according to different channel information state. We then propose an adaptive
data reconstruction mechanism, which can dynamically adjust the rate-distortion
trade-off to enhance perception efficiency. Moreover, it minimizes the temporal
redundancy during data transmissions. Finally, we conceive a domain alignment
scheme to align the data distribution from different vehicles, which can
mitigate the domain gap between different vehicles and improve the performance
of the target task. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of
our method in comparison to the existing state-of-the-art works.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
Inhibitory Mechanism of Baicalein on Acetylcholinesterase: Inhibitory Interaction, Conformational Change, and Computational Simulation
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent chronic neurodegenerative disease in elderly individuals, causing dementia. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is regarded as one of the most popular drug targets for AD. Herbal secondary metabolites are frequently cited as a major source of AChE inhibitors. In the current study, baicalein, a typical bioactive flavonoid, was found to inhibit AChE competitively, with an associated IC50 value of 6.42 ± 0.07 µM, through a monophasic kinetic process. The AChE fluorescence quenching by baicalein was a static process. The binding constant between baicalein and AChE was an order of magnitude of 104 L mol−1, and hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction were the major forces for forming the baicalein−AChE complex. Circular dichroism analysis revealed that baicalein caused the AChE structure to shrink and increased its surface hydrophobicity by increasing the α-helix and β-turn contents and decreasing the β-sheet and random coil structure content. Molecular docking revealed that baicalein predominated at the active site of AChE, likely tightening the gorge entrance and preventing the substrate from entering and binding with the enzyme, resulting in AChE inhibition. The preceding findings were confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation. The current study provides an insight into the molecular-level mechanism of baicalein interaction with AChE, which may offer new ideas for the research and development of anti-AD functional foods and drugs
Hesperitin-Copper(II) Complex Regulates the NLRP3 Pathway and Attenuates Hyperuricemia and Renal Inflammation
Background: Hyperuricaemia (HUA) is a disorder of purine metabolism in the body. We previously synthesized a hesperitin (Hsp)-Cu(II) complex and found that the complex possessed strong uric acid (UA)-reducing activity in vitro. In this study we further explored the complex’s UA-lowering and nephroprotective effects in vivo. Methods: A mouse with HUA was used to investigate the complex’s hypouricemic and nephroprotective effects via biochemical analysis, RT-PCR, and Western blot. Results: Hsp-Cu(II) complex markedly decreased the serum UA level and restored kidney tissue damage to normal in HUA mice. Meanwhile, the complex inhibited liver adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities to reduce UA synthesis and modulated the protein expression of urate transporters to promote UA excretion. Hsp-Cu(II) treatment significantly suppressed oxidative stress and inflammatory in the kidney, reduced the contents of cytokines and inhibited the activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammatory pathway. Conclusions: Hsp-Cu(II) complex reduced serum UA and protected kidneys from renal inflammatory damage and oxidative stress by modulating the NLRP3 pathway. Hsp-Cu(II) complex may be a promising dietary supplement or nutraceutical for the therapy of hyperuricemia
Functional assessment: free thin anterolateral thigh flap versus free radial forearm reconstruction for hemiglossectomy defects
Background: To compare free thin anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap with free radial forearm (FRF) flap in the reconstruction of hemiglossectomy defects, and to introduce our methods and experience in the tongue reconstruction
with free thin ALT flap.
Material and Methods: The clinicopathologic data of 46 tongue carcinoma cases hospitalized from December
2009 to April 2014 were obtained from Nangjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University.
All the subjects were evaluated for the articulation and the swallowing function 3 months after the surgery.
Results: Among these 46 patients, 12 patients underwent tongue reconstruction after hemiglossectomy with ALT
flap; 34 patients underwent tongue reconstruction with FRF flap. The differences in the incidence of vascular
crisis, the speech and the swallowing function between two groups were not significant (
P
ï¹¥0.05).
Conclusions: Thin ALT flap could be one of the ideal flaps for hemiglossectomy defect reconstruction with its
versatility in design, long pedicle with a suitable vessel diameter, and the neglectable donor site morbidity
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