Hexa-μ2-acetato-κ12 O:O′-(azido-κN)bis­(methanol-κO)-μ3-oxido-trichromium(III) methanol monosolvate

In the crystal structure of the title complex, [Cr3(CH3CO2)6(N3)O(CH3OH)2]·CH3OH, the trinuclear core has a central O atom; two methanol mol­ecules and an azide ion are coordinated to the CrIII atoms in the core. The three CrIII atoms form vertices of a nearly equilateral triangle. Each of the six acetate carboxyl­ate groups bridges a Cr—O—Cr fragment. In the crystal, the molecules inter­act with methanol solvent mol­ecules through O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network parallel to (100)

Fasciolopsis buski (Digenea: Fasciolidae) from China and India may represent distinct taxa based on mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences

Sequences of primers used to amplify fragments of Fasciolopsis buski mitochondrial genome. (DOCX 17 kb

6-Methyl-2-pyridyl N-acetyl-1-thio-β-d-glucosa­minide methanol monosolvate

In the title compound, C14H20N2O5S·CH4O, the pyran­ose and pyridine rings are linked through an S atom. The pyran­ose ring has a normal chair conformation. An intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond occurs. Inter­molecular O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O, O—H⋯N and weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure

Effect of tea soil acidification on the diversity and function of fungi community

Soil fungi play an important role in the process of planting tea tree. However, effects of acidification on the diversity and function of the fungi community in tea rhizosphere soil have been rarely reported. In this study, tea rhizosphere soils with pH of 3.3, 4.7, 5.3 and 6.4 were investigated for diversity and function of fungal communities through T-RFLP technology. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of fungi increased significantly with the decrease of pH value of rhizosphere soil. The results of significance analysis showed that 38 T-RFs fragments were significantly correlated with pH value, among which 32 were negatively correlated with pH value and 6 were positively correlated with pH value. After database comparison, 23 fungi were identified and classified according to their nutritional patterns, which can be divided into four types, including pathotroph, symbiotroph, saprotroph and unknown, accounting for 36.85%, 7.89%, 15.79% and 39.47%, respectively. At pH value of 3.3, the fungus abundance reached the maximum value. In conclusion, acidification leads to changes in the structure and diversity of the fungi community in tea rhizosphere soil, specifically, a significant increase in the number and species of fungi, of which the pathotroph type is the largest. This study provides an important theoretical basis for controlling fungal diseases of tea tree in acidified tea plantation

Genome-wide search for the genes accountable for the induced resistance to HIV-1 infection in activated CD4+ T cells: apparent transcriptional signatures, co-expression networks and possible cellular processes

BACKGROUND: Upon co-stimulation with CD3/CD28 antibodies, activated CD4 + T cells were found to lose their susceptibility to HIV-1 infection, exhibiting an induced resistant phenotype. This rather unexpected phenomenon has been repeatedly confirmed but the underlying cell and molecular mechanisms are still unknown. METHODS: We first replicated the reported system using the specified Dynal beads with PHA/IL-2-stimulated and un-stimulated cells as controls. Genome-wide expression and analysis were then performed by using Agilent whole genome microarrays and established bioinformatics tools. RESULTS: We showed that following CD3/CD28 co-stimulation, a homogeneous population emerged with uniform expression of activation markers CD25 and CD69 as well as a memory marker CD45RO at high levels. These cells differentially expressed 7,824 genes when compared with the controls on microarrays. Series-Cluster analysis identified 6 distinct expression profiles containing 1,345 genes as the representative signatures in the permissive and resistant cells. Of them, 245 (101 potentially permissive and 144 potentially resistant) were significant in gene ontology categories related to immune response, cell adhesion and metabolism. Co-expression networks analysis identified 137 “key regulatory” genes (84 potentially permissive and 53 potentially resistant), holding hub positions in the gene interactions. By mapping these genes on KEGG pathways, the predominance of actin cytoskeleton functions, proteasomes, and cell cycle arrest in induced resistance emerged. We also revealed an entire set of previously unreported novel genes for further mining and functional validation. CONCLUSIONS: This initial microarray study will stimulate renewed interest in exploring this system and open new avenues for research into HIV-1 susceptibility and its reversal in target cells, serving as a foundation for the development of novel therapeutic and clinical treatments

Penta­carbonyl-1κ2 C,2κ3 C-(4-iodo­phenyl isocyanide-1κC)(μ-propane-1,3-dithiol­ato-1:2κ4 S,S′:S,S′)iron(I)(Fe—Fe)

In the title compound, [Fe2(C7H4IN)(C3H6S2)(CO)5], the Fe—Fe distance of 2.5156 (11) Å compares well with that in related model structures. The phenyl isocyanide ligand is in the basal position and trans to the S atoms of the propane­dithiol­ate ligand due to steric hindrance. The crystal structure features C—H⋯O inter­actions

Effects of Common Food Additives on the Detection of Plant Components in Vegetable Protein Beverages

The influence of common additives on the detection of plant derived components in vegetable protein drinks was studied. Different concentrations of additives were added into the fluorescent PCR reaction system to determine the interference concentration of soybean DNA fluorescence PCR reaction, and the DNA UV absorption peak was measured. And three methods: reagent kit, reagent kit+chloraform, and “Method for Identification of Plant-derived Components in Vegetable Protein Drinks” were compared. When the concentration of acesulfame was greater than 105.00 μg/μL, and the concentration of sodium cyclamate was greater than 100.00 μg/μL, and the concentration of ascorbic acid was greater than 108.30 μg/μL. In addition, the concentration of D-sodium erythorbate was greater than 132.00 μg/μL, and the concentration of disodium inosinate was greater than 335.00 μg/μL. Under this condition, the concentration of monosodium glutamate was greater than 150.00 μg/μL and potassium chloride was greater than 37.85 μg/μL, indicating that the RT-PCR reaction of soybean DNA was inhibited and the results were false negative. When acesulfame concentration was greater than 75.00 μg/μL, sodium cyclamate concentration was greater than 133.38 μg/μL, and ascorbic acid concentration was greater than 65.00 μg/μL. D-sodium erythorbate concentration was greater than 79.13 μg/μL, and disodium inosinate concentration was greater than 335.00 μg/μL, while DNA uv absorption peak could not be detected. The DNA UV absorption peaks of disodium inosinate, 100.00 μg/μL and 200.00 μg/μL monosodium glutamate at 298.75 μg/μL were significantly different from those of the control group, but no significant differences were found between the other additive groups and the control group. Among the three methods, had the best DNA extraction effect and the lowest Ct value, which was significantly different from the other two methods. The additive had an effect on RT PCR detection of plant components. This study laid a foundation for further study on the influence of additives on the detection of plant derived ingredients

Short-term Preservation of Porcine Oocytes in Ambient Temperature: Novel Approaches

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of preserving porcine oocytes without freezing. To optimize preservation conditions, porcine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were preserved in TCM-199, porcine follicular fluid (pFF) and FCS at different temperatures (4°C, 20°C, 25°C, 27.5°C, 30°C and 38.5°C) for 1 day, 2 days or 3 days. After preservation, oocyte morphology, germinal vesicle (GV) rate, actin cytoskeleton organization, cortical granule distribution, mitochondrial translocation and intracellular glutathione level were evaluated. Oocyte maturation was indicated by first polar body emission and spindle morphology after in vitro culture. Strikingly, when COCs were stored at 27.5°C for 3 days in pFF or FCS, more than 60% oocytes were still arrested at the GV stage and more than 50% oocytes matured into MII stages after culture. Almost 80% oocytes showed normal actin organization and cortical granule relocation to the cortex, and approximately 50% oocytes showed diffused mitochondria distribution patterns and normal spindle configurations. While stored in TCM-199, all these criteria decreased significantly. Glutathione (GSH) level in the pFF or FCS group was higher than in the TCM-199 group, but lower than in the non-preserved control group. The preserved oocytes could be fertilized and developed to blastocysts (about 10%) with normal cell number, which is clear evidence for their retaining the developmental potentiality after 3d preservation. Thus, we have developed a simple method for preserving immature pig oocytes at an ambient temperature for several days without evident damage of cytoplasm and keeping oocyte developmental competence