Study on the weight coefficient influence of surface water on the stability of open-pit dump. Comparative analysis of 6 degree seismic simulation

Taking Baorixile open-pit coal mine as an example, the regional hydrogeological conditions and the mining area hydrogeological conditions are briefly introduced. Analyzing the factors influencing the stability of open pit dump, discussing the classification and proportion of influencing factors, the numerical simulation of the influence of surface water and seismic vibrations on the stability of open-pit dump is carried out. Results show: Surface water is an important factor affecting the stability of open-pit dump, extremely sensitive to the safety factor, the influence of slope instability is similar to that of intensity 6 earthquake. The weight coefficient of surface water to slope stability is in the range of 0.4 to 0.9

The effect of flower position on variation and covariation in floral traits in a wild hermaphrodite plant

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Floral traits within plants can vary with flower position or flowering time. Within an inflorescence, sexual allocation of early produced basal flowers is often female-biased while later produced distal flowers are male-biased. Such temporal adjustment of floral resource has been considered one of the potential advantages of modularity (regarding a flower as a module) in hermaphrodites. However, flowers are under constraints of independent evolution of a given trait. To understand flower diversification within inflorescences, here we examine variation and covariation in floral traits within racemes at the individual and the maternal family level respectively in an alpine herb <it>Aconitum gymnandrum </it>(Ranunculaceae).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found that floral traits varied significantly with flower position and among families, and position effects were family-specific. Most of the variance of floral traits was among individuals rather than among flowers within individuals or among families. Significant phenotypic correlations between traits were not affected by position, indicating trait integration under shared developmental regulation. In contrast, positive family-mean correlations in floral traits declined gradually from basal to distal flowers (nine significant correlations among floral traits in basal flowers and only three in distal flowers), showing position-specificity. Therefore, the pattern and magnitude of genetic correlations decreased with flower position.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This finding on covariation pattern in floral reproductive structures within racemes has not been revealed before, providing insights into temporal variation and position effects in floral traits within plants and the potential advantages of modularity in hermaphrodites.</p

NCL++: Nested Collaborative Learning for Long-Tailed Visual Recognition

Long-tailed visual recognition has received increasing attention in recent years. Due to the extremely imbalanced data distribution in long-tailed learning, the learning process shows great uncertainties. For example, the predictions of different experts on the same image vary remarkably despite the same training settings. To alleviate the uncertainty, we propose a Nested Collaborative Learning (NCL++) which tackles the long-tailed learning problem by a collaborative learning. To be specific, the collaborative learning consists of two folds, namely inter-expert collaborative learning (InterCL) and intra-expert collaborative learning (IntraCL). In-terCL learns multiple experts collaboratively and concurrently, aiming to transfer the knowledge among different experts. IntraCL is similar to InterCL, but it aims to conduct the collaborative learning on multiple augmented copies of the same image within the single expert. To achieve the collaborative learning in long-tailed learning, the balanced online distillation is proposed to force the consistent predictions among different experts and augmented copies, which reduces the learning uncertainties. Moreover, in order to improve the meticulous distinguishing ability on the confusing categories, we further propose a Hard Category Mining (HCM), which selects the negative categories with high predicted scores as the hard categories. Then, the collaborative learning is formulated in a nested way, in which the learning is conducted on not just all categories from a full perspective but some hard categories from a partial perspective. Extensive experiments manifest the superiority of our method with outperforming the state-of-the-art whether with using a single model or an ensemble. The code will be publicly released.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2203.1535

Evaluation of Juglans regia L., root for wound healing via antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity

304-311The burden of the management of problematic skin wounds characterized by a compromised skin barrier is growing rapidly. There is an urgent requirement for efficient mechanism-based treatments and more efficacious drug delivery systems. The present study was aimed to examine the wound healing potential of Juglans regia L. root (JR) in rats by incision and excision wound methods via the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. We have used tensile strength and biochemical parameters for studying the wound healing properties of JR by incision wound methodology. The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by the measurement of paw edema in carrageenan-induced inflammation in rats. The wound contraction area, antioxidant status, and antimicrobial studies were exhausted excision wound methodology. There was a significant decrease in percent inhibition of paw edema (0.63 ± 0.03 to 0.33 ± 0.02 after 24 h) with an increase in JR concentration. Tensile strength and hydroxyproline level of different concentrations (1, 2.5, 5, and 10% w/w) of JR ointment treated groups were found significantly (P <0.001) comparable to the reference group. Moreover, JR showed significant antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, by its ability to increase antioxidant and antimicrobial levels. In conclusion, the overall results obtained in this study clarify that JR inhibits paw edema and accelerates cutaneous wound healing

QCD θ\theta-vacuum energy and axion properties

At low energies, the strong interaction is governed by the Goldstone bosons associated with the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking, which can be systematically described by chiral perturbation theory. In this paper, we apply this theory to study the $\theta$-vacuum energy density and hence the QCD axion potential up to next-to-leading order with $N$ non-degenerate quark masses. By setting $N=3$, we then derive the axion mass, self-coupling, topological susceptibility and the normalized fourth cumulant both analytically and numerically, taking the strong isospin breaking effects into account. In addition, the model-independent part of the axion-photon coupling, which is important for axion search experiments, is also extracted from the chiral Lagrangian supplemented with the anomalous terms up to $\mathcal{O}(p^6)$.Comment: 22 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables; Version to appear in JHE

Reduced tolerance to abiotic stress in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing a Capsicum annuum multiprotein bridging factor 1

BACKGROUND: The pepper fruit is the second most consumed vegetable worldwide. However, low temperature affects the vegetative development and reproduction of the pepper, resulting in economic losses. To identify cold-related genes regulated by abscisic acid (ABA) in pepper seedlings, cDNA representational difference analysis was previously performed using a suppression subtractive hybridization method. One of the genes cloned from the subtraction was homologous to Solanum tuberosum MBF1 (StMBF1) encoding the coactivator multiprotein bridging factor 1. Here, we have characterized this StMBF1 homolog (named CaMBF1) from Capsicum annuum and investigated its role in abiotic stress tolerance. RESULTS: Tissue expression profile analysis using quantitative RT-PCR showed that CaMBF1 was expressed in all tested tissues, and high-level expression was detected in the flowers and seeds. The expression of CaMBF1 in pepper seedlings was dramatically suppressed by exogenously supplied salicylic acid, high salt, osmotic and heavy metal stresses. Constitutive overexpression of CaMBF1 in Arabidopsis aggravated the visible symptoms of leaf damage and the electrolyte leakage of cell damage caused by cold stress in seedlings. Furthermore, the expression of RD29A, ERD15, KIN1, and RD22 in the transgenic plants was lower than that in the wild-type plants. On the other hand, seed germination, cotyledon greening and lateral root formation were more severely influenced by salt stress in transgenic lines compared with wild-type plants, indicating that CaMBF1-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants were hypersensitive to salt stress. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of CaMBF1 in Arabidopsis displayed reduced tolerance to cold and high salt stress during seed germination and post-germination stages. CaMBF1 transgenic Arabidopsis may reduce stress tolerance by downregulating stress-responsive genes to aggravate the leaf damage caused by cold stress. CaMBF1 may be useful for genetic engineering of novel pepper cultivars in the future