Thallium(III) p-tosylate (TTS) mediated oxidative rearrangement of 2-naphthyl and 2-heteroarylchromanones

A practical and effective approach towards the synthesis of 3-hetroaryl-4H-chromen-4-ones by the oxidative rearrangement of the respective 2-hetroaryl chroman-4-ones using thallium(III) p-tosylate is described. The oxidative rearrangement of α and β-naphthyl and thiophene behave like aryl groups. However, pyridyl groups give only the dehydrogenated product

A REVIEW ON ANTI-HCV AGENTS TARGETING ACTIVE SITE AND ALLOSTERIC SITES OF NON-STRUCTURAL PROTEIN 5B [NS5B]

Hepatitis C, a chronic disease affecting the global population significantly is caused majorly by Hepatitis C virus [HCV]. Among the several druggable targets explored for Hepatitis C, the viral protein, non-structural protein 5B [NS5B] is the target of choice for researchers as it is the key enzyme in the HCV replication and its active site is conserved among all genotypes. In the recent years the landscape of Hepatitis C therapies, have evolved from Peg-Interferon [PEG-INF]/Ribavirin, to directly acting anti-virus along with PEG-INF and finally, INF free regimens with greater than 90% sustained virological response [SVR]. The launch of Sofosbuvir, a nucleotide inhibitor of NS5B marks the major paradigm in hepatitis C research. Sofosbuvir exhibits, pan-genotypic activity, low barrier to resistance, highly effective and safe. However, the high prices of these medications limit their universal access. This review will focus on progress towards the discovery and development of NS5B inhibitors targeting allosteric sites and active site, covering the chemical class and structure-activity relationships

Quinazolin derivatives as emerging alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

A series of C-7 substituted-2-morpholino-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)quinazolin-4-amine have been synthesized and biochemical assay was examined against α-glucosidase function inhibition activity. A structure activity and structure property relationship study was experimented to surface the new hit compound. This study led to the identification of C-7substituted quinazolines with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the preffered micromolar range in addition with interesting physicochemical properties. Biological evaluation yielded eight analogs which rose with significant α-glucosidase inhibition potency (IC50 values < 2 μM, where reference compound (Acarbose) potency value is IC50 = 0.586 uM) and could be promising candidates for further lead optimization

Thallium(III) p-tosylate (TTS) mediated oxidative rearrangement of 2-naphthyl and 2-heteroarylchromanones

923-927A practical and effective approach towards the synthesis of 3-hetroaryl-4H-chromen-4-ones by the oxidative rearrangement of the respective 2-hetroaryl chroman-4-ones using thallium(III) p-tosylate is described. The oxidative rearrangement of α and β-naphthyl and thiophene behave like aryl groups. However, pyridyl groups give only the dehydrogenated product

C-5 Aryl Substituted Azaspirooxindolinones Derivatives: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation as Potential Inhibitors of Tec Family Kinases

The interleukin-2-inducible kinase (ITK) and Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) are two crucial Tec family kinase members with important roles in the development of hematopoietic malignancies, autoimmune disorders and other diseases in human. Thus, ITK and BTK are key targets for drug development. Spirooxindoles are important scaffolds for the synthesis of small molecules with broad and potent biological activities. In this study, we performed a structure-activity relationship study of a new series of 5\u27-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)spiro[piperidine-4,3\u27-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin]-2\u27(1\u27H)-one linked with N-acyl and C-5 aryl-substituted scaffolds in a panel of ITK and BTK cancer cell lines. Four compounds 11, 12, 14 and 15 showed high antiproliferative activity against ITK and BTK cell lines. Compounds 11 and 12 with a C-5 benzodioxole group and gem-dialkyl group attached to carbonyl on piperidine were highly effective in ITK-high Jurkat and CEM cell lines, and compound 14, a biotin analogue, was identified as a good inhibitor of BTK-high RAMOS cells. Compound 15 with cyclopropyl group attached to carbonyl on piperidine also showed good activity in ITK and BTK cell lines. </p

Design, synthesis, anticancer evaluation and molecular docking studies of 1,2,3-triazole incorporated 1,3,4-oxadiazole-Triazine derivatives

A new library of 1,2,3-triazole-incorporated 1,3,4-oxadiazole-triazine derivatives (9a-j) was designed, synthesized, and tested in vitro for anticancer activity against PC3 and DU-145 (prostate cancer), A549 (lung cancer), and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cancer cell lines using the MTT assay with etoposide as the control drug. The compounds exhibited remarkable anticancer activity, with IC50 values ranging from 0.16 ± 0.083 μM to 11.8 ± 7.46 μM, whereas the positive control ranged from 1.97 0.45 μM to 3.08 0.135 μM. Compound 9 d with a 4-pyridyl moiety shown exceptional anticancer activity against PC3, A549, MCF-7, and DU-145 cell lines, with IC50 values of 0.17 ± 0.063 μM, 0.19 ± 0.075 μM, 0.51 ± 0.083 μM, and 0.16 ± 0.083 μM, respectively

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Oxindole Sulfonamide Derivatives as Bruton\u27s Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

Bruton\u27s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a promising molecular target for several human B-cell-related autoimmune disorders, inflammation, and haematological malignancies. The pathogenic alterations in various cancer tissues depend on mutant BTK for cell proliferation and survival, and BTK is also overexpressed in a range of hematopoietic cells. Due to this, BTK is emerging as a potential drug target to treat various human diseases, and several reversible and irreversible inhibitors have been developed and are being developed. As a result, BTK inhibition, clinically validated as an anticancer treatment, is finding great interest in B-cell malignancies and solid tumours. This study focuses on the design and synthesis of new oxindole sulfonamide derivatives as promising inhibitors of BTK with negligible off-target effects. The most cytotoxic compounds with greater basicity were PID-4 (2.29 ± 0.52 µM), PID-6 (9.37 ± 2.47 µM), and PID-19 (2.64 ± 0.88 µM). These compounds caused a selective inhibition of Burkitt\u27s lymphoma RAMOS cells without significant cytotoxicity in non-BTK cancerous and non-cancerous cell lines. Further, PID-4 showed promising activity in inhibiting BTK and downstream signalling cascades. As a potent inhibitor of Burkitt\u27s lymphoma cells, PID-4 is a promising lead for developing novel chemotherapeutics

Novel 5-Substituted Oxindoles Derivatives as Bruton\u27s Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and Biological Evaluation

Bruton\u27s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a non-RTK cytoplasmic kinase predominantly expressed by haemopoietic lineages, particularly B-cells. A new Oxindole-based focused library was designed to identify potent compounds targeting the BTK protein as anticancer agents. This study used rational approaches like structure-based pharmacophore modelling, docking, and ADME properties to select compounds. The Molecular dynamics simulation analysis carried out at 20 ns supported the stability of compound 9g within the binding pocket. All the compounds were synthesized and subjected to biological screening on two BTK-expressing cancer cell lines, RAMOS and K562, and six non-BTK cancer cell lines, A549, HCT116 (parental and p53-/-), U2OS, JURKAT, and CCRF-CEM, and two non-malignant cell lines, BJ and MRC-5. This study resulted in the identification of four new compounds, 9b, 9f, 9g, and 9h, which displayed potent activity against BTK-high RAMOS cells. These four compounds, each possessing free binding energies of -10.8, -11.1, -11.3, and -10.8 Kcal/mol, demonstrated antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects in RAMOS cells with IC50 values falling within the lower sub-micromolar range

Discovery of 3-chlorobenzyl-linked 1,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane derivatives, a lead for dengue virus type 2 infection

Dengue virus poses a serious worldwide health threat with up to 400 million infections occurring annually in over 100 countries. Currently, there are no specific therapeutics available, and the only Licensed vaccine is used to mitigate the risk of hospitalization in immunologically naive individuals. In the current work, for the first time we are reporting dengue virus type 2 (DENV2) inhibitory activity in newly designed 3-chLorobenzyL-Linked 1,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane derivatives. Compounds with substitutions featuring 2-methyLbenzyL (SPO 6, EC50 = 11.43 +/- 0.87 mu M), 4-bromobenzyL (SPO 7, EC50 = 14.15 +/- 0.50 mu M), and 4-cyanobenzyl (SPO-13, EC50 = 20.77 +/- 1.92 mu M) groups and the antiviral drug ribavirin (IC50 = 50.9 +/- 18 mu M, J. Gen. Virol., 2006, 87, 1947-1952) were found to be potent against DENV2 in a cell-based assay. Docking calculations identified NS5-methyLtransferase as the most probable target for this series of compounds. Molecular dynamics simulations of NS5-methyLtransferase reproduced the experimental binding affinity findings by yielding Delta G(bind) values that predicted SPO-6 to possess the most favorable binding energy of -27.2 +/- 3.9 kcaL mol(-1) compared with SPO-7, SPO-13 and ribavirin with -22.5 +/- 4.7, -22.5 +/- 4.6 and -20.0 +/- 4.6 kcaL mol(-1), respectively. In addition, based on Lipinski's rule of five, SPO-6 was found to be non-toxic and possessed a better drug-Likeness score (5.87) in comparison with the standard drug ribavirin (1.72)

Novel 5‑Substituted Oxindole Derivatives as Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and Biological Evaluation

Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a non-RTK cytoplasmic kinase predominantly expressed by hemopoietic lineages, particularly B-cells. A new oxindole-based focused library was designed to identify potent compounds targeting the BTK protein as anticancer agents. This study used rational approaches like structure-based pharmacophore modeling, docking, and ADME properties to select compounds. Molecular dynamics simulations carried out at 20 ns supported the stability of compound 9g within the binding pocket. All the compounds were synthesized and subjected to biological screening on two BTK-expressing cancer cell lines, RAMOS and K562; six non-BTK cancer cell lines, A549, HCT116 (parental and p53–/–), U2OS, JURKAT, and CCRF-CEM; and two non-malignant fibroblast lines, BJ and MRC-5. This study resulted in the identification of four new compounds, 9b, 9f, 9g, and 9h, possessing free binding energies of −10.8, −11.1, −11.3, and −10.8 kcal/mol, respectively, and displaying selective cytotoxicity against BTK-high RAMOS cells. Further analysis demonstrated the antiproliferative activity of 9h in RAMOS cells through selective inhibition of pBTK (Tyr223) without affecting Lyn and Syk, upstream proteins in the BCR signaling pathway. In conclusion, we identified a promising oxindole derivative (9h) that shows specificity in modulating BTK signaling pathways