Učinak mamografskog postupka na serumske razine upalnih i/ili tumorskih biljega

Mammography is one of the gold standard screening tests for breast cancer. The effects of mammography procedure on blood parameters are not known. This study aimed to investigate whether the procedure-associated breast compression affects the widely and simultaneously performed blood measurements of C-reactive protein (CRP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and cancer antigen (CA) 15-3. According to breast ultrasound examination results, participants were divided into 3 groups as follows: group 1 (participants with breast mass size ≥20.0 mm, n=48); group 2 (participants with breast mass size <20.0 mm, n=17); and group 3 (participants with no breast mass, n=23). In groups 1 and 2, on the day of the mammographic imaging study, serum CRP, CEA, and CA 15-3 levels were measured before and after the imaging study. Participants in group 3 had their blood parameters measured without mammography and/or any breast compression. Post-mammography blood measurements displayed a significant increase in serum CRP levels, and a significant decrease in serum CEA and CA 15-3 levels in group 1 (in comparison with the same day pre-mammography blood sampling levels; p<0.05 all). Although pre-mammography serum CEA levels in group 1 participants were significantly higher than those in group 2 and 3 participants, this significant elevation became nonsignificant at post-mammography measurements (p0.05, respectively). On the day of the mammographic imaging study, the optimal time of blood sampling for testing CRP, CEA and CA 15-3 levels in persons with a breast mass is before, but not after the mammographic imaging procedure. This issue requires additional detailed studies.Mamografija je jedan od ‘zlatnih’ standardnih testova probira za rak dojke. Učinci mamografskog postupka na krvne parametre nisu poznati. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati djeluje li kompresija dojke povezana s ovim postupkom na često i istodobno izvođena mjerenja C-reaktivnog proteina (CRP), karcinoembrijskog antigena (CEA) i karcinom antigen (CA) 15-3 u krvi. Ispitanice su podijeljene u 3 skupine prema rezultatima ultrazvučnog pregleda dojki: 1. skupina (ispitanice s masom u dojci ≥20,0 mm, n=48); 2. skupina (ispitanice s masom u dojci <20,0 mm, n=17); 3. skupina (ispitanice bez mase u dojci, n=23). U 1. i 2. skupini serumske razine CRP, CEA i CA 15-3 mjerene su prije i nakon mamografskog postupka. Kod ispitanica 3. skupine krvni parametri mjereni su bez mamografije i/ili bilo kakve kompresije dojke. Mjerenja provedena nakon mamografije pokazala su značajan porast serumskih razina CRP i značajan pad serumskih razina CEA i CA-15-3 u 1. skupini u usporedbi s razinama tih parametara zabilježenim istoga dana prije mamografije (p<0,05 sve). Iako su razine CEA u serumu prije mamografije bile značajno više u 1. skupini u usporedbi s 2. i 3. skupinom, značajnost tog porasta izgubila se kod mjerenja nakon mamografije (p0,05). Dakle, u danu kad je zakazana mamografija optimalno vrijeme za uzorkovanje krvi za mjerenje razina CRP, CEA i CA 15-3 kod osoba s masom u dojci je prije, a ne poslije mamografskog postupka. Ovo pitanje zahtijeva daljnje podrobne studije

Factors That Affect the False-Negative Outcomes of Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy in Thyroid Nodules

Background. The purpose of this study was to assess the factors that affect the false-negative outcomes of fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) in thyroid nodules. Methods. Thyroid nodules that underwent FNAB and surgery between August 2005 and January 2012 were analyzed. FNABs were taken from the suspicious nodules regardless of nodule size. Results. Nodules were analyzed in 2 different groups: Group 1 was the false-negatives (n=81) and Group 2 was the remaining true-positives, true-negatives, and false-positives (n=649). A cytopathologist attended in 559 (77%) of FNAB procedures. There was a positive correlation between the nodule size and false-negative rates, and the absence of an interpreting cytopathologist for the examination of the FNAB procedure was the most significant parameter with a 76-fold increased risk of false-negative results. Conclusion. The contribution of cytopathologists extends the time of the procedure, and this could be a difficult practice in centres with high patient turnovers. We currently request the contribution of a cytopathologist for selected patients whom should be followed up without surgery

Therapeutic effect of adenosine on experimentally induced acute ulcerative colitis model in rats

WOS: 000516602500001PubMed: 32074166Purpose: To examine the therapeutic effect of external adenosine on an acetic acid-induced acute ulcerative colitis model in rats. Methods: Thirty male mature rats were divided into three groups as control, acute colitis (AC) and AC+adenosine group (AC+AD). AC was induced by rectal administration of 4% acetic acid (AA). 5mg/kg/day adenosine was performed i.p for 4 weeks to AC+AD group. Rectum and colon were excised for microscopic and histopathological histopathologic evaluations, and immunohistochemical analysis of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). Blood samples were collected for biochemical detection of TNF-alpha, Pentraxin-3 and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Results: AC group had generalized hyperemia and hemorrhage with increased macroscopic and histopathological scores compared with control (P <0.0001) while adenosine treatment decreased these scores significantly (P <0.001), with reduced distribution of disrupted epithelium, leukocyte infiltrates, and focal hemorrhage. AC group showed significantly increased immunoexpression of NF-kB in rectum, plasma and tissue levels of TNF-alpha, plasma Pentraxin-3 and MDA levels (P <0.0001) while adenosine reduced these levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Adenosine appears to promote healing of colon and rectum exposed to AA-induced AC, suggesting a boosting effect of adenosine on the intestinal immune system to cure ulcerative colitis

Assessments of anticholinergic, antidiabetic, antioxidant activities and phenolic content of Stachys annua

Goren, Ahmet C/0000-0002-5470-130X; Taslimi, Parham/0000-0002-3171-0633WOS:000576949200003Some biochemical properties including phenolic content, anticholinergic, antidiabetic, and antioxidant activities of Stachys annua were determined in this study. The methanol extract of Stachys annua (MESA) and the water extract of Stachys annua (WESA) were prepared and used for all biochemical analyses. Antioxidant capacities of MESA and WESA were evaluated by six different in vitro bioanalytical methods including three reducing antioxidant methods and three radical scavenging antioxidant methods. Also, enzyme inhibition effect of Stachys annua against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), alpha-amylase, and alpha-glycosidase enzymes were determined separately. According to the results, both extracts showed high inhibition effects against alpha-amylase and alpha-glycosidase enzymes, whereas they showed low inhibition effects against AChE and BChE enzymes. The IC50 values of MESA and WESA against AChE (119.8 +/- 2.4 mu g/mL and 150.1 +/- 3.0 mu g/mL), BChE (192.1 +/- 3.8 mu g/mL and 186.7 +/- 3.7 mu g/mL), alpha-glycosidase (25.7 +/- 0.5 mu g/mL and 18.7 +/- 0.4 mu g/mL), and alpha-amylase (43.3 +/- 0.9 mu g/mL and 11.4 +/- 0.2 mu g/mL) were determined, respectively. Another goal of the study was to evaluate the phenolic compositions of Stachys annua by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Quercetagetin-3,6-dimethylether (178.6 +/- 33.5 mu g/g), chlorogenic acid (118.2 +/- 16.4 mu g/g), and fumaric acid (102.5 +/- 7.1 mu g/g) were identified as major compounds in MESA. On the other hand, fumaric acid (309.5 +/- 21.5 mu g/g), apigenin (144.6 +/- 11.7 mu g/g), and chlorogenic acid (78.1 +/- 10.8 mu g/g) were identified as major compounds in WESA. This study will be a scientific base for further studies about Stachys annua for food or medicinal utilization

Determination of Antioxidant Properties of Gypsophila bitlisensis Bark

WOS: 000369213500011Oxidative stress has been suggested to explain the mechanism of numerous diseases and antioxidants have been proposed to prevent cellular oxidative damage, therefore disease progression. Antioxidant capacity of many plants, fruits and vegetables have been studied by the researches, however there was no data regarding the antioxidant properties of Gypsophila bitlisensis. The species is an endemic and natural plant of Turkey. We performed three assays to reveal antioxidant capacity of ethanol extract of Gypsophila bitlisensis: FRAP, DPPH and CUPRAC. Trolox and a-tocopherol have been used as standards. We also determined phenolic content of the extract. The results showed that Gypsophila bitlisensis does not have significant antioxidant capacity and phenolic content. On the basis of these findings, we concluded that Gypsophila does not have considerable antioxidant activity in these in vitro assays.Scientific Research Projects Board of Erzincan UniversityErzincan University [FEN-A-220114-0062, 2011-BAP-10.01.05]The authors gratefully acknowledge Scientific Research Projects Board of Erzincan University for the financial supports (grant numbers are FEN-A-220114-0062 and 2011-BAP-10.01.05)

Unravelling the phenolic compound reserves, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of an endemic plant species, Achillea pseudoaleppica

The present ethnobotanical study unravelled the phenolic reservoir (UHPLC-MS/TQ-MS) and pharmacological activity (antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities) of an endemic plant, Achillea pseudoaleppica Hub.-Mor. (Asteraceae). The effective antioxidant properties of ethanol and water extracts of A. pseudoaleppica leaves were determined by using six different in vitro bioanalytical methods including three reducing antioxidant methods and three radical scavenging antioxidant methods. In the other step of the study, the enzyme inhibitory effects of water and ethanol extracts of A. pseudoaleppica were determined against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), alpha-amylase, and alpha-glucosidase enzymes. The ethanol extract was found to have effective inhibition potential for all four respected enzymes. The IC50 values of A. pseudoaleppica extract against AChE, BChE, alpha-amylase, and alpha-glucosidase enzymes were found to be 2.67 mg/mL, 4.55 mg/mL, 16.51 mg/mL, and 12.37 mg/mL, respectively. Also, UHPLC-MS/TQ-MS analyses revealed quinic acid as the most abundant phenolic compound of the water extract (31.12 +/- 1.65 mu g/mg) and ethanol extract (11.75 +/- 0.82 mu g/mg). In addition, the molecular docking interaction of the most abundant phenolic compound of A. pseudoaleppica (quinic acid) with AChE, BChE, alpha-amylase, and alpha-glucosidase target enzymes were evaluated using Chimera and AutoDock Vina softwares. In conclusion, the rich phenolic content and the potent antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties of A. pseudoaleppica extracts may support the widespread ethnobotanical use of the plant application. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarm

Anticholinergic, antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Anatolian pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium)-analysis of its polyphenol contents by LC-MS/MS

Goren, Ahmet C/0000-0002-5470-130X; Taslimi, Parham/0000-0002-3171-0633WOS:000529379500016Methanol and water extracts of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) were evaluated for their antioxidant profiles by eight distinguished bioanalytical methods and for their inhibitory effects against enzymes linked to different diseases, namely acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, alpha-glycosidase and alpha-amylase. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of both extracts were determined and their polyphenolic compositions were evaluated by LC-MS/MS. For estimation of the antioxidant capacities of methanolic extract of pennyroyal (MEP) and water extract of pennyroyal (WEP); 2,2' -azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid radical (ABTS(center dot+)), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH.), and N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DMPD center dot+) scavenging activities, Fe3+-2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), Fe3+, and Cu2+ reducing assays were studied. The IC50 values of the MEP and WEP indicated that they were potent effective DPPH center dot (16.92 and 18.52 mu g/mL), ABTS(center dot+) (7.92 and 9.37 mu g/mL) and DMPD center dot+ (36.02 and 38.94 mu g/mL) scavengers, as well as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (40.76 and 60 mu g/mL), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (49.51 and 63.03 mu g/mL), alpha-glycosidase (20.38 and 21.65 mu g/mL) and alpha-amylase (23.11 and 36.47 mu g/mL) inhibitors. Plant materials are potential sources for novel products in food and pharmaceutical applications. Also, biologically active compounds from plants have proven to be desirable in cosmetics, foods, and pharmaceuticals. This study clearly showed that both MEP and WEP had a broad screening of active compounds and phytochemicals. As a result of this abundant active ingredient, both extracts possessed antioxidant, anticholinergic and anti-diabetes properties.King Saud University, Saudi ArabiaKing Saud University [RSP-2019/59]S.H.A would like to extend his sincere appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project (RSP-2019/59), King Saud University, Saudi Arabia