Integrated non-invasive remote-sensing techniques and field survey for the geoarchaeological study of the Sud Lípez mining district, Bolivia

New investigations have been carried out in the framework of a joint French-Argentine project dealing with the mineral resources and the metal production in the Andean plateau from the 10th to the 18th century. Geoarchaeology of the Sud Lípez, southern Bolivia, is revisited using multisource remote-sensing data including archive data from the 1960s and recent very high resolution (VHR) data simultaneously acquired with field work. The detailed geological mapping of the area is allowed by the field survey complemented by the multispectral and VHR data. The emphasis is on integrating all the geological features such as morphologies, petrology of the volcanics, lithology of the volcano-sedimentary rocks, regional and local faulting, veins, hydrothermally altered rocks, etc. GeoEye-1, which features the most advanced technology ever used in a civilian remote-sensing system, allows the detailed mapping of the archaeological remains that are particularly numerous at San Antonio de Lípez, with shallow pits, shafts connected in depth with adits, and large slag areas. Particularly, the plan of three old miners' villages has been drawn and its accuracy has been evaluated.Fil: Deroin, Jean Paul. Universite de Reims-Champagne Ardenne; FranciaFil: Téreygeol, Florian. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Cruz, Pablo. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Guillot, Ivan. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Méaudre, Jean Charles. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Franci

La pacificación del mineral: Cerro Lípez, un enclave minero en la contienda sobre el Nuevo Mundo

Las faldas del cerro Lípez (Prov. Sud-Lípez, Dpto. Potosí, Bolivia), conservan los vestigios de asentamientos, rancherías e instalaciones productivas que estuvieron asociadas con la producción minera y metalúrgica en tiempos coloniales, y posiblemente antes. Inagotable fuente de tesoros tapados para la población local, pueblos fantasmas para los pocos turistas que pasan por allí, estos testimonios materiales constituyen una fuente de información excepcional para el estudio tanto del pasado regional como del universo de la producción de metales. En efecto, a pesar de su lejanía y rudeza climática, este enclave minero fue el escenario donde se sucedieron intensos, cuando no violentos, eventos en torno al control tanto de los yacimientos mineros como de los espíritus humanos. Relocalización de pueblos indígenas, extirpación de antiguos cultos, destrucción de asentamientos y acelerados cambios productivos, transformaciones del paisaje, etc. En su conjunto, estos eventos muestran una síntesis de la empresa colonial en esta región del espacio surandino. A la luz de los nuevos datos y en una aproximación multidisciplinar (historia, arqueología, arqueometría, teledetección) trataremos aquí sobre los parajes que conformaron San Antonio del Nuevo Mundo. El caso de estudio abrirá el debate sobre la articulación entre las fuentes históricas y el registro arqueológico, tanto sus encuentros y complementariedades, como sus desencuentros y silencios.The base of the Cerro Lípez (in the province Sud Lípez, Potosi, Bolivia) preserves the remnants of settlements, ranches and other productive installations that were associated with mining and metalurgical production during the colonial era and most likely, the pre-colonial era as well. While these remnants are an endless source of hidden treasures for the local population and interesting ghost towns for the few tourists that wander through, these material testimonies also constitute an exceptional source of information for the study of not only the region’s past, but also the history of metal production. Despite the remote location and rude climate, this mining enclave was the scene of intense, and sometimes violent, events and conflicts for the control of both minerals and human souls; the relocation of indigenous peoples, the extirpation of ancient cults, the destruction of settlements and accelerated changes in production and transformations of the landscape, etc. Taken as a whole, these events show us a synthesis of the colonial venture in this southern Andean region. In light of new data, and by using an interdisciplinary approach (incorporating history, archaeology, archeometry and teledetection), we will examine the places and spaces that shaped San Antonio del Nuevo Mundo. This case study opens a debate about the relationship between historical sources and the archaeological record, addressing both their complementarity and their points of discord and disagreement.Fil: Cruz, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Nielsen, Axel Emil. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Téreygeol, Florian. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Deroin, Jean Paul. No especifíca;Fil: Guillot, Ivan. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Franci

Effets comparatifs des acides gras omega-3 (ALA, EPA, DHA) sur la sensibilité à l’insuline des cellules musculaires C2C12 dans un contexte lipotoxique

Objectifs :Etudier le rôle des ω3 sur la lipotoxicité induite par l’acide gras saturé palmitate (PAL, C16:0) dans un modèle de cellule musculaire C2C12.Identifier les effets propres de chaque w3 (ALA, EPA et DHA) à dose équivalente sur la fluidité des membranes et la réponse à l’insuline.Suivre le devenir intracellulaire du [1-14C]-palmitate en présence d’un w3 et définir les classes de lipides altérées.Rechercher les voies de signalisation impliquées dans la modulation de la réponse à l’insuline

The Nakanai Mountain Ranges of East New Britain Papua New Guinea. E: Booklet Version 2

NOTES ON THE E-BOOKLET VERSION TWO Between 2016- 2019, a multidisciplinary team of researchers1 from Australia and Papua New Guinea worked in collaboration with local communities to document the cultural values of the Nakanai Mountains and their inextricable link to the spectacular natural landscape. This research aims to contribute to a standalone nomination to the UNESCCO Tentative World Heritage List of the Nakanai Karst Area (NKA) and elevate its recognition as a cultural landscape of outstanding significance. The research team included both anthropologists and archaeologists. Further anthropological and archaeological research is likely to yield further evidence of the richly diverse cultural values of the area. Between July 2018 - December 2019, researchers from James Cook University (JCU) in collaboration with postgraduate researchers from the University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG) were commissioned by the United Nations Development Programme2 in conjunction with the Conservation, Environment Protection Authority to generate awareness of protected area planning processes and to facilitate the gazettal of four Community Protected Areas around Jacquinot Bay and Central Inland Pomio. These protected area processes are ongoing

Interactions of Aspergillus fumigatus and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in an in vitro Mixed Biofilm Model: Does the Strain Matter?

Introduction:Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Sm) are pathogenic microorganisms, which coexist in the respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. We recently developed an in vitro model of mixed biofilm associating Af ATCC 13073-GFP (Af13073) and Sm ATCC 13637 (Sm13637) and described an antibiosis effect. The present study aim was to assess the antibiosis of Sm on Af using different strains and to analyze the potential synergistic virulence of these strains in an in vivo Galleria mellonella model.Methods: The effect of Sm13637 was evaluated on eight Af strains and the effect of nine Sm strains was evaluated on Af13073. The strains originated from clinical cases (human and animal) and from environment. Fungal and bacterial inocula were simultaneously inoculated to initiate mixed biofilm formation. Fungal growth inhibition was analyzed by qPCR and CLSM and the fungal cell wall modifications by TEM analysis. The virulence of different Sm strains was assessed in association with Af in G. mellonella larvae.Results: All strains of Af and Sm were able to produce single and mixed biofilms. The antibiosis effect of Sm13637 was similar whatever the Af strain tested. On the other hand, the antibiosis effect of Sm strains was bacterial-fitness and strain dependent. One strain (1/9) originated from animal clinical case was never able to induce an antibiosis, even with high bacterial concentration. In the G. mellonella model, co-inoculation with Sm13637 and Af13073 showed synergism since the mortality was 50%, i.e., more than the summed virulence of both.Conclusion: Human clinical strains of Sm yielded in higher antibiosis effect on Af and in a thinner mixed biofilm, probably due to an adaptive effect of these strains. Further research covering Af increased wall thickness in the presence of Sm strains, and its correlation with modified antifungal susceptibility is encouraged in patients with chronic respiratory infections by these 2 microorganisms