Numerical treatment of cardiac diseases using optimal control theory

AbstractWe propose a mathematical modelization and optimization of the action of some drugs such as β-blockers—a particular drug (tertatolol) studied in Servier laboratories is specially examined. Linear compartmental models are first tried but they are not convenient for explaining the experimental data. Then a dose effect relation is directly seeked. One obtains a nonlinear relationship between the dose, the plasmatic concentration and the drug's effect. Using some optimal control methods allows one to define an optimal therapeutic giving the optimal doses and possibly the optimal times optimizing some given criteria

Prise en charge des fibroadénomes par échothérapie : quels résultats?

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Contribution of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of adnexal torsion (AGATA): protocol for a prospective comparative study

Introduction Adnexal torsion is a surgical emergency and its prognosis depends on the time elapsed prior to treatment. The diagnosis relies on pelvic ultrasound in which sensitivity remains low and may lead to misdiagnosis.The primary objective is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the diagnosis of adnexal torsion in women with suspected adnexal torsion. The secondary objectives are: (1) to describe the perfusion parameters of the ovaries by contrast-enhanced ultrasound, (2) to compare diagnostic performance of contrast ultrasound with bidimensional (2D) Doppler for the detection of adnexal torsion, (3) to describe the perfusion parameters of the ovarian as a function of the degree of adnexal torsion, (4) to compare perfusion parameters before and after ovarian detorsion and (5) to describe perfusion parameters of the ovarian by using MicroVascular Flow technique.Methods and analysis This is a monocentric, prospective comparative, non-randomised, open and interventional study. We hypothesise to include 30 women: 20 positive cases compared with 10 control cases. Women are informed and recruited in the emergency ward, over a period of 36 months.The primary endpoint is the signal intensity measurement to assess sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for detection of adnexal torsion in women with suspected adnexal torsion. The presence or absence of adnexal torsion is confirmed during the surgical intervention.Ethics and dissemination The study was approved by the French Ethics Committee, the CPP (Comité de Protection des Personnes) OUEST I on 3 July 2020 with reference number 2020T1-16. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented at relevant conferences.Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov registry (NCT04522219); EudraCT registry (2020-000993-27)

Novel approach for metallic surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization using electrografted initiators based on aryl diazonium salts

cited By 75International audienceThis paper reports on the preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PBA), and polystyrene (PS) brushes at the surface of conducting materials that were modified by the electrochemical reduction of a brominated aryl diazonium salt BF4-, +N 2-C6H4-CH(CH3)-Br (D1). The grafted organic species -C6H4CH(CH3)-Br was found to be very effective in initiating atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of vinyl monomers. This novel approach combining diazonium salts and ATRP allowed PMMA, PBA, and PS brushes to be grown from the surface of iron electrodes. The polymer films were characterized in terms of their chemical structure by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Atomic force microscopy studies indicated that the polymer brushes are densely packed. Contact angle measurements of water drops on PS and PMMA brushes were 88.1 ± 2.0 and 70.3 ± 2.1°, respectively, which is consistent with the published wettability data for the corresponding polymer sheets. © 2005 American Chemical Society ́Paris 7