Natural Beverages and Sensory Quality Based on Phenolic Contents

Currently, consumers are demanding natural products, with low sugar content and high nutritional and sensory qualities. Natural beverages have taken an important place due to their mineral, vitamin, and antioxidant contents. Phenolic compounds have great relevance for food industries for their functional properties acting as good antioxidant molecules as well as aging retarders and preventing degenerative diseases. In this connection, design of functional beverages rich in phenolic compounds has been related to the acceptability, quality, and safety for consumers; however, sensory properties regarding influence of these compounds are still poorly investigated. Recent works have been conducted in order to highlight the impact of phenolics on sensory properties of natural beverages. This chapter discusses the relationship between sensory quality and the phenolic compounds in natural beverages. The antioxidant properties, methods, and statistical analysis for sensory evaluation are also reviewed

Fluctuations in phenolic content, ascorbic acid and total carotenoids and antioxidant activity of fruit beverages during storage

Stability of the total phenolic content, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids and antioxidant activity in eight fruit beverages was analyzed. The influence of storage temperature (4, 8 and 11 °C) during the product shelf-life (20 days) was evaluated. Pomegranate Juice presented the highest values for antioxidant activity by DPPH• assay (552.93 ± 6.00 GAE μg mL−1), total carotenoids (3.18 ± 0.11 βCE μgmL−1), and total phenolic content (3967.07 ± 2.47 GAE μg mL−1); while Splash Blend recorded the highest levels of ascorbic acid (607.39 ± 2.13 AAE μg mL−1). The antioxidant capacity was stable at 4 and 8 °C for the first 8 days of storage; while carotenoids and ascorbic acid were slightly degraded through the storage time, possibly due to oxidation and/or reactions with other compounds. The results suggest that the observed variation during testing could be related to storage conditions of the final product

The optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction for bioactive compounds from Flourensia cernua and Jatropha dioica and the evaluation of their functional properties

Flourensia cernua and Jatropha dioica are non-timber forest species that grow in the desert regions of northern Mexico. Currently, they are recognized as a viable alternative to traditional remedies used to address certain ailments. However, the low yields of bioactive compounds obtained propitiate the use of more effective extraction techniques such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) in combination with statistical models such as Taguchi to maximize the yields of bioactive compounds. The objective of the research was to determine the optimal conditions for maximizing the yields of purified polyphenolic compounds from F. cernua and J. dioica using the Taguchi statistical model. In addition, we evaluated the total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity (ABTS•+, FRAP, and OH• hydroxyl radical inhibition), and the in vitro evaluation of α-amylase inhibition and ex vivo hemolysis inhibition. Furthermore, a functional group analysis was conducted using FTIR. The optimization process revealed that the maximum yields of bioactive compounds for F. cernua and J. dioica were achieved with a particle size of 0.25 mm and 0.30 mm, temperatures of 60 °C for both, a water–ethanol concentration of 50% for both, and extraction times of 30 min and 5 min, respectively. The matrix bioactive compounds obtained contain flavonoid-type phenolic compounds, which exhibit properties such as inhibiting free radicals and acting as reducing agents; inhibiting α-amylase activity, which is involved in carbohydrate metabolism; and protecting red blood cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. Finally, the FTIR analysis allowed for the identification of functional groups associated with the polyphenolic compounds (O–H, C–H, C–C, C=O). These results suggest that both non-timber forest species are a rich source of bioactive compounds with potential for application in the agri-food and pharmaceutical industries However, it is necessary to carry out compound identification as well as toxicity analyses to guarantee the safety of these bioactive compounds.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Polyphenolic content, in vitro antioxidant activity and chemical composition of extract from Nephelium lappaceum L. (Mexican rambutan) husk

Objective: To determinate the recovery of total polyphenolic compounds content, in vitro antioxidant activity and HPLC/ESI/MS characterization of extract from Nephelium lappaceum L. (Mexican rambutan). Methods: The rambutan husk extract was obtained by aqueous extraction and a polyphenolic fraction was recovered using Amberlite XAD-16. The total polyphenolic compounds content was determined by the Folin Ciocalteu and butanol-HCI methods. In vitro antioxidant activity was performed using ABTS and ferric reducing antioxidant power methods. Results: Mexican rambutan husk showed a total polyphenolic content of 582 mg/g and an evident antioxidant activity by ABTS and ferric reducing antioxidant power analysis. The HPLC/ESI/MS assay allowed the identification of 13 compounds, most of which belong to ellagitannins. Geraniin, corilagin and ellagic acid were present in the sample; the mineral composition was also evaluated. Conclusions: Rambutan husk cultivated in Mexico is a promising source for the recovery of added value bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity, which have potentialapplications as bioactive antioxidant agents for the treatment of diseases

Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Leaf Purified Hydroalcoholic Extracts from Seven Mexican Persea americana Cultivars

Persea americana (avocado) is a fruit consumed worldwide; however, since avocado leaves are apparently a natural ingredient that can be used as a traditional medicine, they can be a potential source of bioactive compounds. This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity of seven Mexican avocado leaf extracts by DPPH•, ABTS•+, and lipid peroxidation (LPO), and to identify the compoundprofilebyliquidchromatographycoupledtomassspectrometry/electronsprayionization. The highest free radical-scavenging activity was observed for Platano Delgado and Criollo 6 avocado cultivars havin IC50 values of 271.86 ± 13.69 and 269.56 ± 6.53 for DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals, respectively, while the best result for lipid oxidation inhibition was registered in Criollo 6 cultivar extract. Inthisstudyfortyonecompoundsweredetectedinavocadoleavesofthethesevencultivars analyzed, and of these compounds, eighteen phenolics were identified for first time in such plant material. The present study demonstrated that Mexican cultivars of Persea americana possess diverse polyphenolic compounds with strong antioxidant activity, which might be useful in the food and pharmaceutical industries

Characterization of <i>Cosmos sulphureus</i> Cav. (Asteraceae): Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant Activity and Chromatography Analysis

Cosmos sulphureus Cav. (Asteraceae), and endemic plant of Mexico is used in herbal medicine. In this study, the phytochemical composition, phenolic content, and antioxidant activity of ethanolic and methanolic extracts from C. sulphureus leaves and flowers were determined. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of compounds such as terpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, and flavonoids and the absence of alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, and anthraquinones. The experimental results showed that the extracts have high contents of phenolic, flavonoid, and condensed tannins contents. The phenolic compounds identified in the C. sulphureus extracts by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) include phenolic acids such as chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid as well flavonoids such as rutin and quercetin. The C. sulphureus extracts showed a relevant free radical scavenging activity, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, lipid peroxidation inhibition ability, and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity. This research highlights the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds-rich extracts from C. sulphureus leaves and flowers

Polyphenolic content, phytochemical profile composition, and bioactive properties of Castilla Rose (Purshia plicata)

One of the greatest risks to human and animal health are infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria, as these microorganisms develop mechanisms of resistance to antimicrobials, as a consequence of the indiscriminate and prolonged use of antimicrobials. This makes the treatment of infectious diseases increasingly difficult, in addition to an increase in treatment costs. These disadvantages have led to the search for alternative therapies based on bioactive compounds such as tannins, and flavonoids. Thus, some plant-derived compounds have been used to counteract infectious diseases and other health disorders.  This study aimed to identify polyphenols of purified extract from Purshia plicata, and evaluate the antioxidant potential and the response of in vitro antibacterial activity against pathogen microorganisms of clinical importance for humans and animals.  An aqueous extraction was performed and the compounds were purified using liquid chromatography. The total polyphenolic content was measured employing the Folin Ciocalteu and butanol-HCI methods. The polyphenolic profile was identified by HPLC/ESI/MS. These compounds were screened for in vitro antibacterial activity using the agar diffusion method and antioxidant activity was determined by ABTS•+, DPPH•, and FRAP methods. The compounds showed effectiveness against Klebsiella sp, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella sp, and moderate inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus. The total hydrolyzable polyphenols content was 45.7 mg g-1; the total condensed polyphenols content was 27 mg g-1. The results of the antioxidant activity showed that IC50 was reached at 150 µgml-1, 250 µgml-1, and 150 µgml-1. Twelve compounds were identified by HPCL/ESI/MS, the most important being anthocyanins and ellagitannins. The polyphenolic compounds of P. plicata have the potential to be used as pharmacological products with antibacterial and antioxidant properties for the treatment of infectious diseases in animals and humans