A structural model of well-being, spontaneity and self-efficacy: Italian validation between adolescents and young adults

Abstract Introduction: The passage from adolescence to young adulthood introduces many challenges and chances aimed at promoting independence, financial self-sufficiency, assumption of responsibilities and separation from parents. Literature shows that in the continuum between these two phases of life, many factors intervene, producing significant differentiations. Methods: This study considered three dimensions - well-being, measured through the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM); spontaneity, measured through the Spontaneity Assessment Inventory-Revised (SAI-R); and self-efficacy, measured through the General Self-Efficacy scale (GSE). The study involved two groups of Italian participants: 495 adolescents, aged between 13 and 19 years, selected at a high school; and 368 young adults, aged between 18 and 30 years, recruited by snowball sampling. Results: Results of confirmatory factor analysis for each instrument in each group indicate the validity of the three instruments for both age groups. No significant differences were found between adolescents and young adults on total or subtotal scores of the CORE-OM, except for the risk factor. Conversely, the mean scores obtained with SAI-R and GSE were very different between adolescents and young adults. Conclusions: The results of path analysis show a significant mediation of spontaneity in the link between self-efficacy and all specific psychological distress domains for adolescents. Instead, there is a significant mediation of spontaneity between self-efficacy and all specific psychological distress domains except the risk domain for young adults

The mother who cannot provide liberation: family atom analysis of women victims of domestic violence

The present contribution presents the discussion about the analysis carried out on family atoms that were completed in the first psychodrama group meetings carried out in all the Empower Daphne III program partner countries. The issue of the relationship with the mother is central to the aim of the project, in that we hypothesise that the mothers of victims are incapable of educating their daughters about personal autonomy in relation to men, due to the traditional culture in which they grew up in. The article presents information about the use and processing of the survey tool “Family atom” created by Jacob Moreno and the analysis of the data that emerged in parallel to the reports sent periodically by the psychodramatists to the monitoring and analysis team. From the results three types of maternal relationships emerge (positive, negative and incongruent) that enable us to confirm the initial hypothesis of this action researc

A structural model of well-being, spontaneity and self-efficacy: Italian validation between adolescents and young adults

Abstract Introduction: The passage from adolescence to young adulthood introduces many challenges and chances aimed at promoting independence, financial self-sufficiency, assumption of responsibilities and separation from parents. Literature shows that in the continuum between these two phases of life, many factors intervene, producing significant differentiations. Methods: This study considered three dimensions - well-being, measured through the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM); spontaneity, measured through the Spontaneity Assessment Inventory-Revised (SAI-R); and self-efficacy, measured through the General Self-Efficacy scale (GSE). The study involved two groups of Italian participants: 495 adolescents, aged between 13 and 19 years, selected at a high school; and 368 young adults, aged between 18 and 30 years, recruited by snowball sampling. Results: Results of confirmatory factor analysis for each instrument in each group indicate the validity of the three instruments for both age groups. No significant differences were found between adolescents and young adults on total or subtotal scores of the CORE-OM, except for the risk factor. Conversely, the mean scores obtained with SAI-R and GSE were very different between adolescents and young adults. Conclusions: The results of path analysis show a significant mediation of spontaneity in the link between self-efficacy and all specific psychological distress domains for adolescents. Instead, there is a significant mediation of spontaneity between self-efficacy and all specific psychological distress domains except the risk domain for young adults

Padre e uomo d’onore. “Cosa nostra” come cornice morale nell’inculturazione familistica

The article presents the third part of a quali-quantitative survey that points out the representation of gender roles and their implications on the basis of the texts provided by the group of study directed by Girolamo Lo Verso. The survey is divided in three parts and in its wholeness it is oriented to improve the discussion on the possibilities to modify the networks that hold familism and the dynamics of the mafia. In fact the conviction of the researchers is that the recognition of the symbolic system on which the relationships are constructed may be changed. Another point of reference of the whole research is that the same symbolic pattern recognition may orientate the social intervention and its work in the construction of new cultural model, different from the traditional ones that correspond to the subculture of the mafia. In this article, on one hand, we resume what pointed out in the previous two parts of the whole research (Testoni, 2007a; Testoni, et al. 2008) and, on the other hand, we discuss some important aspects about the masculine role. In specific, we recognise in the figure of the “father” a bond of “familistic iperconnection” that ties micro and macro-system. In fact, it may be considered as the pivot of the meso-system of “cosa nostra”, because it is the traitunion between old and new mafias. The hypothesis is that the paternal model serves as moral framework in the anomic criminal systemsL’articolo presenta la terza parte dei risultati di una ricerca qualitativo-quantitativa finalizzata alla rilevazione delle rappresentazioni dei ruoli di genere e alle loro implicazioni in testi di collaboratori di giustizia, messi a disposizione dal gruppo dell’Università di Palermo facente capo a Girolamo Lo Verso. Divisa in tre parti, l’indagine nel suo complesso è funzionale alla discussione intorno alle possibilità di modificazione dei network che sostengono il familismo e con esso le dinamiche mafiose, grazie al cambiamento che può essere operato tramite il riconoscimento dei sistemi simbolici su cui si strutturano le reti di relazione e l’intervento sociale finalizzato alla costruzione di modelli di riferimento culturali diversi da quelli tradizionalmente tramandati in territori di mafia. In questa sede per un verso si riassume quanto evidenziato nelle prime due parti della ricerca (Testoni, 2007a; Testoni, et al. 2008) e per l’altro vengono discussi alcuni aspetti degni di nota relativi alla figura maschile. In particolare riconosciamo in quella del “padre” un nodo di “iperconnessione” familistica tra microsistema e macrosistema, cardine che agisce nel mesosistema di cosa nostra utilizzando il medesimo come trait-union tra mafie vecchie versus quelle nuove. Si ipotizza che il modello paterno funga da cornice di riferimento morale per il rafforzamento dell’equilibrio di sistemi criminali più arretrati rispetto a cosa nostra e fortemente anomic

Empower agency. Emotional itineraries of psychodramatic elaboration of violence from anger to independence

The present contribution presents the discussions concerning the textual analysis of the reports on the psychodrama sessions that were carried out as part of Empower, a project that is within the scope of the Daphne III Program, and aimed at improving agency of female victims of domestic violence, in order to change their condition of subordination. Adopting feminist and cultural psychology perspectives, according to which human processes can never be separated from the context in whic

Tele-psychodrama therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: participants’ experiences

none7siItaly was severely hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. In early March 2020, a series of legislative decrees have been issued, establishing the restrictions that all Italian citizens are required to respect, according to which it is strictly forbidden to leave the house if not for reasons of necessity, health, or work. This qualitative study investigated which aspects clients find helpful or hindering in shifting to group tele-psychodrama due to the COVID-19 pandemic, after participation in an in-person psychodrama group. Participants were 15 adults who were members of a pre-existing in-person psychodrama group that shifted to a tele-psychodrama group format facilitated by two psychodrama therapists. The Client Change Interview was used at the end of the tele- psychodrama as a post-treatment assessment. All the interviews were transcribed and then underwent a the-matic analysis. The analysis yielded six shared themes: the role of tele-psychodrama sessions during COVID-19 pandemic; perceived effectiveness of tele-psychodrama; main advantages of tele-psychodrama; limitations encountered during the online intervention; the termination of tele-psychodrama; and the relationship with the therapist. The findings provide preliminary evidence for the clinical practice of tele-psychodrama and lays the groundwork for further studies that can contribute to the use of electronic platforms in psychodrama interventions.nonegianmarco biancalani, chiara franco, maria silvia guglielmin, lucia moretto, hod orkibi, shoshi keisari, ines testoniBiancalani, Gianmarco; Franco, Chiara; Guglielmin, MARIA SILVIA; Moretto, LUCIA MARIA; Orkibi, Hod; Keisari, Shoshi; Testoni, Ine

Spontaneity as predictive factor for well-being. Instruments for psychodrama\u2014the validation of Spontaneity Assessment Inventory\u2014Revised (SAI-R) and its relationship with psychological suffering and depression in Italy and Austria

The study discusses the construct of spontaneity and its causal relationship with psychological well-being. It develops a preview phase of validation of the SAI-R and its correlation with the Clinical Outcomes for Routine Evaluation -Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and assumes the hypothesis that a high level of spontaneity is correlated negatively with low level of well-being and positively with depression. The research involved Italian and Austrian participants, consisting of 166 Italian and 146 Austrian university students. The findings suggested a causal relationship between low spontaneity and psychological suffering. The results obtained confirm the hypothesized model, showing significant negative causal relationship. The verification of this theoretical model on non-clinical samples allows us to set the ground for future use in clinical samples. Furthermore, this result encourages the development of further research into the use of SAI-R

Psychodrama in therapeutic communities for drug addiction: A study of four cases investigated using idiographic change process analysis

Many psychotherapeutic models, including psychodrama, have tried to address the problem of drugaddiction and alcoholism within, and outside, therapeutic communities (TCs). The dearth of literature related to the application of psychodrama in TCs means that significant efforts are needed to show its effectiveness. This article derives from a TC in northern Italy and presents a study of four cases, which analyzed the results of a 6 month psychodrama research intervention that adopted the Person Centered Approach (PCA). The effects were measured through an idiographic change process with a mixed method design. The qualitative part of the assessment consisted of the Client Change Interview (CCI), the Helpful Aspects of Therapy (HAT); the longitudinal quantitative part used the Spontaneity Assessment Inventory 12 Revised (SAI-R), the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation 12 Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GS-ES), and the Pro.Spera. The changes in main personality factors were evaluated through Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Results suggested on the one hand that psychodrama therapy may increase patients\u2019 self-awareness and motivation to change their way of life and improve the PCA. On the other hand the qualitative methodology of HAT and CCI demonstrated, and monitored, the process of change and empowerment in the patients. Finally, the subject of gender specificity is explored

Italian adolescents' perception of tele-psychodrama treatment during the COVID-19 Pandemic

BackgroundPsychodrama is an experiential group psychotherapy that is used to enhance adolescents' wellbeing. The COVID-19 pandemic forced the adaptation of this method to an online settingObjectiveThis qualitative study investigated whether and how tele-psychodrama provides psychological support to adolescents, in order to better understand its strengths and weaknessesParticipants14 adolescents from Northern and Central ItalyMethod14 interviews were conducted at the end of group tele-psychodrama treatment and were analysed with qualitative thematic analysisResultsThree themes were identified: (1) contribution of tele-psychodrama to adolescents' well-being; (2) implementation of psychodrama to the online setting; and (3) (the) shortcomings of tele-psychodramaConclusionsDespite the differences between online and in-person psychodrama, all the participants expressed their appreciation of group tele-psychodrama, which contributed to their overall psychological wellbeing and helped them process difficulties that emerged during the lockdowns

The effectiveness of the EMPoWER project and intervention: Psychodrama and the elaboration of domestic violence in Italy, Austria, Bulgaria, Portugal, Romania, and Albania

The chapter discusses the results of the Daphne Project WMPoWER. It showes a high validity of the research instruments used in the study. Moreover, the results obtained from the various samples of the different tests are positioned below the thresholds established by previous studies of validation. The results confirm the hypothesized model, showing positive correlations between indices of spontaneity and psychological well-being. The research supports the idea that both models (psychodramatic and psychosocial/ecological) contribute to strengthening the empowerment of women who suffer from domestic violence. The results obtained by the project are highly positive and confirm that this model of intervention should be extended, possibly prolonging the intervention and also measuring the follow-up after one year