Genetic polymorphisms of Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd systems in a population from the State of Paraná, southern Brazil

BACKGROUND: Red blood group genes are highly polymorphic and the distribution of alleles varies among different populations and ethnic groups. AIM: To evaluate allele polymorphisms of the Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd blood group systems in a population of the State of Paraná METHODS: Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd blood group polymorphisms were evaluated in 400 unrelated blood or bone marrow donors from the northwestern region of Paraná State between September 2008 and October 2009. The following techniques were used: multiplex-polymerase chain reaction genotyping for the identification of the RHD gene and RHCE*C/c genotype; allele-specific polymerase chain reaction for the RHDΨ and restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction for the RHCE*E/e, KEL, FY-GATA and JK alleles. RESULTS: These techniques enabled the evaluation of the frequencies of Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd polymorphisms in the population studied, which were compared to frequencies in two populations from the eastern region of São Paulo State. CONCLUSION: The RHCE*c/c, FY*A/FY*B, GATA-33 T/T, JK*B/JK*B genotypes were more prevalent in the population from Paraná, while RHCE*C/c, FY*B/FY*B, GATA-33 C/C, JK*A/JK*B genotypes were more common in the populations from São Paulo.212

Blood group and HLA polymorphisms in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and their implications in erythrocyte alloimmunization

Orientadores: Lilian Maria de Castilho, Jeane Eliete Laguila VisentainerTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: A síndrome mielosplásica (SMD) correponde a um grupo de distúrbios clonais heterogêneos decorrente de um defeito intrínseco das células progenitoras hematopoéticas, resultando em insuficiência da medula óssea, desencadeando anemia com dependência de transfusões sanguíneas e infecções decorrentes da neutropenia. Embora a terapia transfusional seja segura, muitos desses pacientes correm risco de complicações relacionadas à sobrecarga de ferro e à aloimunização contra antígenos de grupos sanguíneos, que muitas vezes dificulta a busca de sangue compatível para esses pacientes, além estar associada a reações hemolíticas transfusionais tardias e formação de auto-anticorpos. A compatibilidade para antígenos Rh e K tem sido utilizada na tentativa de reduzir a formação de anticorpos em pacientes que recebem transfusões crônicas, mas a fenotipagem estendida, incluindo os antígenos Fya e Jka, também tem sido recomendada. Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar o perfil transfusional dos pacientes com SMD, propor um protocolo de compatibilidade molecular para seleção de sangue fenótipo compatível e avaliar uma possível associação dos alelos HLA com a susceptibilidade ou proteção a aloimunização eritrocitária. Foram analisados 61 pacientes portadores de SMD, sendo 18 pacientes não transfundidos e 43 pacientes submetidos à terapia transfusional com e sem formação de anticorpos. Realizamos genotipagem para os alelos de grupos sanguíneos RHD, RHCE, FY, DO, CO, DI, SC, GYPA, GYPB, LU, KEL, JK e LW e para os alelos HLA classe I e classe II nas amostras dos pacientes e comparamos os resultados com grupos- controle. Com relação ao perfil transfusional dos pacientes estudados, a maioria recebe transfusões sanguíneas regulares e 44% encontra-se aloimunizada. Os principais aloanticorpos detectados foram contra antígenos Rh e K. Verificamos que a genotipagem é superior a fenotipagem para determinação dos antígenos de grupos sanguíneos e que a compatibilidade molecular para Rh e K seria suficiente para evitar a aloimunização eritrocitária na maioria dos pacientes. Nossos resultados também mostraram uma associação entre o alelo HLA-DRB1*13 e a proteção à aloimunização contra antígenos de grupos sanguíneos em pacientes com SMDAbstract: The myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of heterogeneous clonal disorder caused by an intrinsic stem cell defect with propensity to the bone marrow failure that results in the transfusion dependence and neutropenic infection. Although blood transfusion is generally safe, many of those patients are at risk of transfusion-related complications such as iron overload and RBC alloimmunization that often makes finding compatible RBC products difficult and is also associated with delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTRs) and autoantibody formation. Matching for Rh and K antigens has been used in an attempt to reduce antibody formation in patients receiving chronic transfusions but an extended phenotyping matching including Fya and Jka antigens has also been recommended. This study was aimed to identify the transfusion profile of the patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), an efficient transfusion protocol of genotype matching and a possible association of HLA class alleles with susceptibility or protection to RBC alloimmunization. We evaluated 61 patients with MDS, 18 not transfused and 43 undergoing transfusion therapy with and without antibody formation. We performed genotyping for RHD, RHCE, FY, DO, CO, DI, SC, GYPA, GYPB, LU, KEL, JK e LW and for HLA class I and class II alleles in the patient DNA samples and compared the results with a control group. We verified that the majority of patients have regular transfusions and 44% are alloimmunized to RBC antigens. Blood group genotyping was superior to phenotyping to determine the antigen profile in those patients and molecular matching for Rh and K would be enough for most of the patients. Our results also showed a significant association of HLA-DRB1*13 with protection to RBC alloimmunization in patients with MDSDoutoradoClinica MedicaDoutora em Clínica Médic

Genetic polymorphisms of human platelet antigens in Euro-African and Japanese descendants from Parana, Southern Brazil

The frequency distributions of HPA-1 to HPA-6 and HPA-15 were evaluated in two Brazilian populations from Parana: a mixed population of predominantly Caucasians and a population of Japanese descendants. Genotyping was performed by PCR-SSP in 364 unrelated individuals. Differences in the distribution of HPA highlight diversity in Brazilian miscegenation and the importance of formation of the HPA panel composed of regional blood donors

Molecular matching of red blood cells is superior to serological matching in sickle cell disease patients

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of DNA methods to provide a means to precisely genotypically match donor blood units for the antigen-negative type of 35 sickle cell disease patients<. METHODS: Red blood cell units were investigated for ABO, D, C, c, E, e, K, Fyª, Fy b, Jkª, Jk b, S, s, Diª and RH variants by performing a molecular array (Human Erythrocyte Antigen BeadChipTM, BioArray Solutions), polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of patient samples and donor units that had been serologically matched based on the ABO, Rh and K phenotypes and the presence of antibodies. RESULTS: Matches for 21 of 35 sickle cell disease patients presented discrepancies or mismatches for multiple antigens between the genotype profile and the antigen profile of their serologically-matched blood units. The main discrepancies or mismatches occurred in the RH, FY, JK and MNS systems. Eight Rh alloimmunized patients presented RHD and RHCE variants that had not been serologically identified. According to these results better matches were found for the patients with genotyped units and the patients benefited as shown by better in vivo red blood cell survival. CONCLUSION: Molecular matching is superior to serological matching in sickle cell disease patients, decreasing the risk of transfusion reactions, especially delayed transfusion reactions to existing alloantibodies and preventing alloimmunization.353

Otimização de metodologia para o estudo de genes KIR Methodology optimization for KIR genotyping

Receptores killer cell immunoglobulin-like (KIRs) são moléculas localizadas na superfície de células natural killer (NK) e em subpopulações de linfócitos T codificadas por genes do cromossomo 19q13.4. A interação entre receptores KIR e moléculas antígeno leucocitário humano (HLA) de classe I determina se células NK exercerão ou não sua função citotóxica e/ou secretora de citocinas ou se esta será inibida. Este trabalho teve por finalidade otimizar a metodologia para a genotipagem KIR, baseando-se nas condições descritas por Martin (2004). A técnica utilizada foi a reação em cadeia da polimerase com primers de sequência específica (PCR-SSP) com iniciadores sintetizados pela Invitrogen® e visualização do produto amplificado em gel de agarose a 2% com brometo de etídio. Adaptações foram realizadas e a concentração de alguns reagentes foi alterada, como a do controle interno de 100 nM para 150 nM, iniciadores específicos senso e antissenso de KIR12.5/12.3, KIR13.5/13.3, KIR14.5/14.3, KIR22.5/22.3 e KIR36.5/36.3 de 500 nM para 750 nM e da solução de MgCl2 de 1,5 mM para 2 mM. As concentrações dos demais reagentes e temperaturas de amplificação foram mantidas. Nessas condições, o uso da Taq DNA polimerase recombinante (Invitrogen®) foi satisfatório. Os resultados das genotipagens de 70 indivíduos foram confirmados por rSSO-Luminex® (One Lambda, Canoga Park, CA, EUA). A tipagem de genes KIR por essa técnica apresentou sensibilidade, especificidade, reprodutibilidade e baixo custo.<br>The killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are molecules expressed on natural killer (NK) cells surface and in T-cell subsets encoded by genes located in chromosome 19q13.4. The interaction between KIR receptors and HLA class I molecules determines if the NK cells will fulfill their cytotoxic function and/or cytokine secretion or if this function will be inhibited. The objective of this work was to optimize KIR genotyping method described by Martin (2004). It was used PCR-SSP (polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers) with primers synthesized by Invitrogen® and visualization of the amplified products on 2% agarose gel electrophoresis, containing ethidium bromide. Some adaptations were made and the reagents had their concentrations increased: the internal control from 100 nM to 150 nM, forward and reverse specific primers KIR12.5/12.3, KIR13.5/13.3, KIR14.5/14.3, KIR22.5/22.3 and KIR36.5/36.3 from 500 nM to 750 nM, and MgCl2 solution from 1.5 mM to 2 mM. Other reagent concentrations and amplification temperatures were maintained. Satisfactory results were obtained with Taq DNA Polymerase Recombinant (Invitrogen®). The results of seventy samples were confirmed by rSSO-Luminex® (One Lambda, Canoga Park, CA, USA). This KIR typing method proved to be accurate, specific, reproducible and cost effective

Molecular matching of red blood cells is superior to serological matching in sickle cell disease patients

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of DNA methods to provide a means to precisely genotypically match donor blood units for the antigen-negative type of 35 sickle cell disease patients<. METHODS: Red blood cell units were investigated for ABO, D, C, c, E, e, K, Fyª, Fy b, Jkª, Jk b, S, s, Diª and RH variants by performing a molecular array (Human Erythrocyte Antigen BeadChipTM, BioArray Solutions), polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of patient samples and donor units that had been serologically matched based on the ABO, Rh and K phenotypes and the presence of antibodies. RESULTS: Matches for 21 of 35 sickle cell disease patients presented discrepancies or mismatches for multiple antigens between the genotype profile and the antigen profile of their serologically-matched blood units. The main discrepancies or mismatches occurred in the RH, FY, JK and MNS systems. Eight Rh alloimmunized patients presented RHD and RHCE variants that had not been serologically identified. According to these results better matches were found for the patients with genotyped units and the patients benefited as shown by better in vivo red blood cell survival. CONCLUSION: Molecular matching is superior to serological matching in sickle cell disease patients, decreasing the risk of transfusion reactions, especially delayed transfusion reactions to existing alloantibodies and preventing alloimmunization

Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd And Diego Blood Group System Polymorphism In Brazilian Japanese Descendants.

Polymorphisms of Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd and Diego blood group systems were studied in 209 unrelated Brazilian Japanese descendants from South of Brazil. The methods used were multiplex-PCR, AS-PCR and RFLP-PCR. The differences in frequencies among the populations were evaluated using chi-square test. The frequencies for Rh, Kell, Kidd and Diego system were similar to those of the Japanese. RHCE(*)CC, RHCE(*)EE genotypes and FY(*)01 allele were lower and FY(*)01N.01 was higher than Japanese. These differences in the frequencies between Brazilian Japanese descendants and Japanese could indicate a gene flow in Brazilian population and reinforce the importance of this knowledge to achieve safe red blood cells.50123-

Genetic polymorphisms of Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd systems in a population from the State of Paraná, southern Brazil

BACKGROUND: Red blood group genes are highly polymorphic and the distribution of alleles varies among different populations and ethnic groups. AIM: To evaluate allele polymorphisms of the Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd blood group systems in a population of the State of Paraná METHODS: Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd blood group polymorphisms were evaluated in 400 unrelated blood or bone marrow donors from the northwestern region of Paraná State between September 2008 and October 2009. The following techniques were used: multiplex-polymerase chain reaction genotyping for the identification of the RHD gene and RHCE*C/c genotype; allele-specific polymerase chain reaction for the RHD&#936; and restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction for the RHCE*E/e, KEL, FY-GATA and JK alleles. RESULTS: These techniques enabled the evaluation of the frequencies of Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd polymorphisms in the population studied, which were compared to frequencies in two populations from the eastern region of São Paulo State. CONCLUSION: The RHCE*c/c, FY*A/FY*B, GATA-33 T/T, JK*B/JK*B genotypes were more prevalent in the population from Paraná, while RHCE*C/c, FY*B/FY*B, GATA-33 C/C, JK*A/JK*B genotypes were more common in the populations from São Paulo

Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd and Diego blood group system polymorphism in Brazilian Japanese descendants

Polymorphisms of Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd and Diego blood group systems were studied in 209 unrelated Brazilian Japanese descendants from South of Brazil. The methods used were multiplex-PCR, AS–PCR and RFLP–PCR. The differences in frequencies among the populations were evaluated using chi-square test. The frequencies for Rh, Kell, Kidd and Diego system were similar to those of the Japanese. RHCE*CC, RHCE*EE genotypes and FY*01 allele were lower and FY*01N.01 was higher than Japanese. These differences in the frequencies between Brazilian Japanese descendants and Japanese could indicate a gene flow in Brazilian population and reinforce the importance of this knowledge to achieve safe red blood cells501123128COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESsem informaçã