15 research outputs found
Interaction of ubiquitin ligase CBL with LMP2A protein of Epstein-Barr virus occurs via PTB domain of CBL and does not depend on adaptor ITSN1
Aim. Previously Latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) of Epstein-Barr virus was found to be ubiquitylated by CBL ubiquitin ligase but no direct interaction of LMP2A with CBL was reported. We aimed to explore this interaction and study a possibility of adaptor protein involvement. Taking into consideration that both LMP2A and CBL were shown to interact with endocytic adaptor protein intersectin 1 (ITSN1), we assumed that the latter could serve as a scaffold for LMP2A/CBL complex. Methods. We used an immunofluorescence and coimmuno- precipitation approaches to test a mutual complex formation of ITSN1, CBL and LMP2A proteins. Results. LMP2A coimmunoprecipitated with CBL while LMP2A did not interact with CBL G306E mutant harboring inactive phosphotyrosine-binding domain. We observed a triple colocalization of ITSN1, CBL and LMP2A signals in MCF-7 cells as well as coprecipitation of all mentioned proteins. Overexpression of ITSN1 did not affect the efficiency of complex formation of LMP2A with CBL. Moreover, LMP2A mutant unable to interact with ITSN1 was readily precipitated with CBL. Conclusions. LMP2A can be engaged in the complex together with endocytic adaptor ITSN1 and ubiquitin ligase CBL. We show that PTB domain of CBL is responsible for interaction with LMP2A. ITSN1 is not required for LMP2A recruiting to CBL.ΠΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊ Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈ 2Π Π²ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π°-ΠΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ±ΡΠΊΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ±ΡΠΊΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΡΠ³Π°Π·ΠΎΡ CBL, Ρ
ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡ
Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΡΠ² Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ³Π°Π»Π° Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ LMP2A Ρ CBL ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π°Π³ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π²Π° Π·Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ Π· Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ITSN1, ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΠ³ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ LMP2A/CBL. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΆ ITSN1, CBL Ρ LMP2A. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ LMP2A Ρ CBL ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° CBL, ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½Π° Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π΅ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π· LMP2A. ΠΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ITSN1, CBL Ρ LMP2A Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ MCF-7, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΡ
Π·Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΡΠ². ΠΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ITSN1 Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ Π½Π° Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ LMP2A Π· CBL. ΠΡΠ»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΌΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ LMP2A, Π½Π΅ Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ· ITSN1, Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π· CBL. ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. LMP2A ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠ° ITSN1 ΡΠ° ΡΠ±ΡΠΊΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΡΠ³Π°Π·ΠΈ CBL. Π£ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ITSN1 Π½Π΅ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΆ LMP2A Ρ CBL. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π Π’Π-Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ±ΡΠΊΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΡΠ³Π°Π·ΠΈ CBL Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π°Ρ Π·Π° Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π· LMP2A.ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ 2Π Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΠΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π°-ΠΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ CBL, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ»Π° Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ CBL ΠΈ LMP2A, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ITSN1, ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° LMP2A/CBL. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ITSN1, CBL ΠΈ LMP2A. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ CBL ΠΈ LMP2A ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° CBL, Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ LMP2A. ΠΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ITSN1, CBL ΠΈ LMP2A Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ MCF-7, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎ-ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ². Π‘ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ITSN1 Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ CBL ΠΈ LMP2A. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΌΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ LMP2A, Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ITSN1, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Ρ CBL. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. LMP2A ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ITSN1 ΠΈ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Π·Ρ CBL. Π£ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ITSN1 Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° LMP2A/CBL. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π Π’Π-Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Π·Ρ CBL ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π·Π° ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ LMP2A
Threshold-based queuing system for performance analysis of cloud computing system with dynamic scaling
Cloud computing is promising technology to manage and improve utilization of computing center resources to deliver various computing and IT services. For the purpose of energy saving there is no need to unnecessarily operate many servers under light loads, and they are switched off. On the other hand, some servers should be switched on in heavy load cases to prevent very long delays. Thus, waiting times and system operating cost can be maintained on acceptable level by dynamically adding or removing servers. One more fact that should be taken into account is significant server setup costs and activation times. For better energy efficiency, cloud computing system should not react on instantaneous increase or instantaneous decrease of load. That is the main motivation for using queuing systems with hysteresis for cloud computing system modelling. In the paper, we provide a model of cloud computing system in terms of multiple server threshold-based infinite capacity queuing system with hysteresis and noninstantanuous server activation. For proposed model, we develop a method for computing steady-state probabilities that allow to estimate a number of performance measures. Β© 2015 AIP Publishing LLC
Interaction of ubiquitin ligase CBL with LMP2A protein of Epstein-Barr virus occurs via PTB domain of CBL and does not depend on adaptor ITSN1
Aim. Previously Latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) of Epstein-Barr virus was found to be ubiquitylated by CBL ubiquitin ligase but no direct interaction of LMP2A with CBL was reported. We aimed to explore this interaction and study a possibility of adaptor protein involvement. Taking into consideration that both LMP2A and CBL were shown to interact with endocytic adaptor protein intersectin 1 (ITSN1), we assumed that the latter could serve as a scaffold for LMP2A/CBL complex. Methods. We used an immunofluorescence and coimmuno- precipitation approaches to test a mutual complex formation of ITSN1, CBL and LMP2A proteins. Results. LMP2A coimmunoprecipitated with CBL while LMP2A did not interact with CBL G306E mutant harboring inactive phosphotyrosine-binding domain. We observed a triple colocalization of ITSN1, CBL and LMP2A signals in MCF-7 cells as well as coprecipitation of all mentioned proteins. Overexpression of ITSN1 did not affect the efficiency of complex formation of LMP2A with CBL. Moreover, LMP2A mutant unable to interact with ITSN1 was readily precipitated with CBL. Conclusions. LMP2A can be engaged in the complex together with endocytic adaptor ITSN1 and ubiquitin ligase CBL. We show that PTB domain of CBL is responsible for interaction with LMP2A. ITSN1 is not required for LMP2A recruiting to CBL.ΠΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊ Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈ 2Π Π²ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π°-ΠΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ±ΡΠΊΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ±ΡΠΊΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΡΠ³Π°Π·ΠΎΡ CBL, Ρ
ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡ
Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΡΠ² Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ³Π°Π»Π° Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ LMP2A Ρ CBL ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π°Π³ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π²Π° Π·Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ Π· Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ITSN1, ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΠ³ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ LMP2A/CBL. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΆ ITSN1, CBL Ρ LMP2A. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ LMP2A Ρ CBL ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° CBL, ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½Π° Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π΅ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π· LMP2A. ΠΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ITSN1, CBL Ρ LMP2A Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ MCF-7, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΡ
Π·Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΡΠ². ΠΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ITSN1 Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ Π½Π° Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ LMP2A Π· CBL. ΠΡΠ»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΌΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ LMP2A, Π½Π΅ Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ· ITSN1, Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π· CBL. ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. LMP2A ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠ° ITSN1 ΡΠ° ΡΠ±ΡΠΊΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΡΠ³Π°Π·ΠΈ CBL. Π£ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ITSN1 Π½Π΅ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΆ LMP2A Ρ CBL. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π Π’Π-Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ±ΡΠΊΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΡΠ³Π°Π·ΠΈ CBL Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π°Ρ Π·Π° Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π· LMP2A.ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ 2Π Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΠΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π°-ΠΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ CBL, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ»Π° Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ CBL ΠΈ LMP2A, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ITSN1, ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° LMP2A/CBL. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ITSN1, CBL ΠΈ LMP2A. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ CBL ΠΈ LMP2A ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° CBL, Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ LMP2A. ΠΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ITSN1, CBL ΠΈ LMP2A Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ MCF-7, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎ-ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ². Π‘ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ITSN1 Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ CBL ΠΈ LMP2A. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΌΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ LMP2A, Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ITSN1, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Ρ CBL. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. LMP2A ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ITSN1 ΠΈ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Π·Ρ CBL. Π£ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ITSN1 Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° LMP2A/CBL. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π Π’Π-Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½-Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Π·Ρ CBL ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π·Π° ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ LMP2A
Stochastization of one-step processes in the occupations number representation
By the means of the method of stochastization of one-step processes we get the simplified mathematical model of the original stochastic system. We can explore these models by standard methods, as opposed to the original system. The process of stochastization depends on the type of the system under study. We want to get a unified abstract formalism for stochastization of one-step processes. This formalism should be equivalent to the previously introduced. To implement an abstract approach we use the representation of occupation numbers. In this presentation we use the operator formalism. A feature of this formalism is the use of abstract linear operators which are independent from the state vectors. We use the formalism of Green's functions in order to deal with operators. We get a fully coherent formalism by using the occupation numbers representation. With its help we can get simplified stochastic model of the original system. We demonstrate the equivalence of the occupation number representation and the state vectors representation by using a one-step process example. We have suggested a convenient formalism for unified description of stochastic systems. Also, this method can be extended for the study of nonlinear stochastic systems. Β© ECMS Thorsten Claus, Frank Herrmann, Michael Manitz, Oliver Rose (Editors)
Stochastization of one-step processes in the occupations number representation
By the means of the method of stochastization of one-step processes we get the simplified mathematical model of the original stochastic system. We can explore these models by standard methods, as opposed to the original system. The process of stochastization depends on the type of the system under study. We want to get a unified abstract formalism for stochastization of one-step processes. This formalism should be equivalent to the previously introduced. To implement an abstract approach we use the representation of occupation numbers. In this presentation we use the operator formalism. A feature of this formalism is the use of abstract linear operators which are independent from the state vectors. We use the formalism of Green's functions in order to deal with operators. We get a fully coherent formalism by using the occupation numbers representation. With its help we can get simplified stochastic model of the original system. We demonstrate the equivalence of the occupation number representation and the state vectors representation by using a one-step process example. We have suggested a convenient formalism for unified description of stochastic systems. Also, this method can be extended for the study of nonlinear stochastic systems. Β© ECMS Thorsten Claus, Frank Herrmann, Michael Manitz, Oliver Rose (Editors)
Threshold-based queuing system for performance analysis of cloud computing system with dynamic scaling
Cloud computing is promising technology to manage and improve utilization of computing center resources to deliver various computing and IT services. For the purpose of energy saving there is no need to unnecessarily operate many servers under light loads, and they are switched off. On the other hand, some servers should be switched on in heavy load cases to prevent very long delays. Thus, waiting times and system operating cost can be maintained on acceptable level by dynamically adding or removing servers. One more fact that should be taken into account is significant server setup costs and activation times. For better energy efficiency, cloud computing system should not react on instantaneous increase or instantaneous decrease of load. That is the main motivation for using queuing systems with hysteresis for cloud computing system modelling. In the paper, we provide a model of cloud computing system in terms of multiple server threshold-based infinite capacity queuing system with hysteresis and noninstantanuous server activation. For proposed model, we develop a method for computing steady-state probabilities that allow to estimate a number of performance measures. Β© 2015 AIP Publishing LLC