Experimental investigation of the radial structure of energetic particle driven modes

Alfv\'en eigenmodes (AEs) and energetic particle modes (EPMs) are often excited by energetic particles (EPs) in tokamak plasmas. One of the main open questions concerning EP driven instabilities is the non-linear evolution of the mode structure. The aim of the present paper is to investigate the properties of beta-induced AEs (BAEs) and EP driven geodesic acoustic modes (EGAMs) observed in the ramp-up phase of off-axis NBI heated ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) discharges. This paper focuses on the changes in the mode structure of BAEs/EGAMs during the non-linear chirping phase. Our investigation has shown that in case of the observed down-chirping BAEs the changes in the radial structure are smaller than the uncertainty of our measurement. This behaviour is most probably the consequence of that BAEs are normal modes, thus their radial structure strongly depends on the background plasma parameters rather than on the EP distribution. In the case of rapidly upward chirping EGAMs the analysis consistently shows shrinkage of the mode structure. The proposed explanation is that the resonance in the velocity space moves towards more passing particles which have narrower orbit widths.Comment: submitted to Nuclear Fusio

Benign papillary cystadenofibroma of fallopian tube presenting as posterior fornix cyst: case report

Benign papillary cystadenofibroma of fallopian tube is very rare tumor of female genital tract. Usually asymptomatic and incidental finding. Worldwide literature only 18 cases were found. On account of its rarity and best of our knowledge, is the first case of benign papillary cystadenofiboma presented as posterior fornix cyst, so we are presenting this case. We report a rare case of benign papillary cystadenofibroma of fallopian tube in a 30-years old female P3L3 presenting with abdominal pain. On examination abdomen was soft, per vaginally mobile non-tender cystic mass of 5×4 cm was noted. Laparotomy was planned. Intraoperatively 5x4 cm cyst arising from serosal surface of left fallopian tube near fimbrial end noted with bilateral ovaries normal. Left fimbrial cystectomy with salpingectomy was done with sparing both ovaries. Histopathology suggestive of benign papillary cystadenofibroma of fallopian tube. Patient had uneventful recovery in follow up period. Benign papillary cystadenofibroma of fallopian tube is rare tumor found incidentally. Tumor seems to have benign course only cystectomy is required for treatment

Analisis Peranan Perempuan Pada Rantai Nilai Pemasaran Tuna Cakalang Di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (Tpi) Aertembaga Kota Bitung

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Tempat Pendaratan Ikan (TPI) Aertembaga Kota Bitung Provinsi Sulawesi Utara dengan tujuan (1) Untuk menganalisis peran, akses dan kotrol atas asset dan sumberdaya dan kekuatan pengambilan kepeutusan perempuan pedagang ikan (2) Untuk menganalisis peranan perempuan pedagang ikan pada rantai nilai pemasaran tuna-cakalang. Manfaat yang diharapkan dari penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Menerapkan ilmu pengetahuan yang telah diperoleh selama kuliah melalui penelitian yang dilakukan di lapangan. (2) Menambah pengetahuan sebagai bekal dalam mengaplikasikan pengetahuan teoritik terhadap masalah praktis. (3) Memberikan sumbangan yang berarti bagi pemerintah dan berbagai pihak juga sebagai bahan tambahan informasi pada yang membutuhkan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peranan perempuan pada rantai nilai pemasaran tuna cakalang sangat besar yaitu mulai dari membeli hingga memasarkan. Laki-laki berperan hanya pada kegiatan mengangkut ikan, baik dari atas kapal maupun ke pasar. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan perempuan pedagang ikan memiliki peran yang lebih dalam kegiatan domestik, publik dan sosial kemasyarakatan. Perempuan pedagang ikan juga memiliki peran terhadap akses dan kontrol atas aset dan sumber daya perikanan, sedangkan untuk pengambilan keputusan mengenai USAha memasarkan ikan, hal ini sebagian besar dilakukan oleh perempuan. Laki-laki hanya berperan dalam pengambilan keputusan mengenai penetapan dan peminjaman modal

Sustainable desalination : a case of renewable energy

Paper presented at the 6th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, South Africa, 30 June - 2 July, 2008.A new energy-efficient and sustainable desalination system has been developed in this research. This system operates under near-vacuum conditions created by exploiting natural means of gravity and barometric pressure head. The system can be driven by low grade heat sources such as solar energy or waste heat streams. Theoretical and experimental studies were conducted to evaluate and demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed process. Theoretical studies included thermodynamic analysis and process modelling to evaluate the performance of the process driven by the following alternate energy sources: solar thermal energy, solar photovoltaic/thermal energy, geothermal energy, and process waste heat emissions. Experimental studies included prototype scale demonstration of the process using direct solar and a combination of solar photovoltaic/thermal sources. In the tests using direct solar energy, freshwater production of 5 L/d was achieved using direct solar energy alone, at efficiencies ranging from 65 to 75%. In the tests using solar photovoltaic/thermal energy, freshwater production of 10 L/d was achieved, at efficiencies ranging from 65 to 90%. Specific energy required for this process to produce 1 kg of freshwater was 2926 kJ, all of which was derived from solar energy.vk201

Optimized tomography methods for plasma emissivity reconstruction at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

The soft X-ray (SXR) emission provides valuable insight into processes happening inside of high-temperature plasmas. A standard method for deriving the local emissivity profiles of the plasma from the line-of-sight integrals measured by pinhole cameras is the tomographic inversion. Such an inversion is challenging due to its ill-conditioned nature and because the reconstructed profiles depend not only on the quality of the measurements but also on the inversion algorithm used. This paper provides a detailed description of several tomography algorithms, which solve the inversion problem of Tikhonov regularization with linear computational complexity in the number of basis functions. The feasibility of combining these methods with the minimum Fisher information regularization is demonstrated, and various statistical methods for the optimal choice of the regularization parameter are investigated with emphasis on their reliability and robustness. Finally, the accuracy and the capability of the methods are demonstrated by reconstructions of experimental SXR profiles, featuring poloidal asymmetric impurity distributions as measured at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

Correcting Model Misspecification via Generative Adversarial Networks

Machine learning models are often misspecified in the likelihood, which leads to a lack of robustness in the predictions. In this paper, we introduce a framework for correcting likelihood misspecifications in several paradigm agnostic noisy prior models and test the model's ability to remove the misspecification. The "ABC-GAN" framework introduced is a novel generative modeling paradigm, which combines Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC). This new paradigm assists the existing GANs by incorporating any subjective knowledge available about the modeling process via ABC, as a regularizer, resulting in a partially interpretable model that operates well under low data regimes. At the same time, unlike any Bayesian analysis, the explicit knowledge need not be perfect, since the generator in the GAN can be made arbitrarily complex. ABC-GAN eliminates the need for summary statistics and distance metrics as the discriminator implicitly learns them and enables simultaneous specification of multiple generative models. The model misspecification is simulated in our experiments by introducing noise of various biases and variances. The correction term is learnt via the ABC-GAN, with skip connections, referred to as skipGAN. The strength of the skip connection indicates the amount of correction needed or how misspecified the prior model is. Based on a simple experimental setup, we show that the ABC-GAN models not only correct the misspecification of the prior, but also perform as well as or better than the respective priors under noisier conditions. In this proposal, we show that ABC-GANs get the best of both worlds