Lipolytic Enzymes with Hydrolytic and Esterification Activities Produced by Filamentous Fungi Isolated from Decomposition Leaves in an Aquatic Environment

Microbial lipases are prominent biocatalysts able to catalyze a wide variety of reactions in aqueous and nonaqueous media. In this work, filamentous fungi isolated from leaves decomposed in an aquatic environment were screened for lipase production with hydrolytic activity and esterification. Agar plates with Tween 20 and Rhodamine B were used for selection, while submerged cultures with olive oil were subsequently used to select 38 filamentous fungi. Trichoderma harzianum, Fusarium solani, Trichoderma harzianum F5, and Penicillium sp. F36 were grown in six different culture media. F. solani presented the highest lipase production (2.37 U/mL) with esterification activity of 0.07 U/mL using medium composed of (g.L-1) KH2PO4 1.00, MgSO4 H2O 1.123, and CuSO4 0.06. Supplementation of this culture medium with organic nitrogen sources increased lipase production by 461.3% using tryptone and by 419.4% using yeast extract. Among the vegetable oils from the Amazon region, degummed cotton oil induced lipase production up to 8.14 U/mL. The lipase produced by F. solani F61 has great potential to application in conventional processes and biodiesel production by transesterification of vegetable oils, as well as food industries in the production of fatty acid esters by hydrolysis and esterification. © 2019 D. B. Mendes et al

ESTUDO DO POTENCIAL DE REUTILIZAÃÃO DOS RESÃDUOS DE PODA DO MUNICÃPIO DE PALMAS, TOCANTINS

A destinação geralmente dada aos resíduos de biomassa provenientes da poda, depositando-os em aterros e lixões, não se mostra sustentável e adequada, pois impossibilita a utilização do seu poder calorífico e do teor de matéria orgânica que podem retornar ao solo. Baseado na potencialidade de utilização desses resíduos o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento da situação e destinação final desses resíduos em Palmas - TO, quantificar e analisar a viabilidade técnico-econômica para as Usinas de Briquetes e Compostagem. No município de Palmas - TO, para o ano de 2014, estimou-se uma produção de resíduos de poda equivalente a 8396,17 ton/ano e 23 ton/dia. A receita bruta estimada foi de R$1.478.400,00 para a Usina de Briquetes e R$ 2.183.004,81 para a Usina de Compostagem. Em relação ao custo de produção obteve-se R$88,74/ton do composto e R$ 101,29/ton de briquetes, valores menores que o preço de venda encontrando no mercado, o que torna viável a produção e comercialização dos mesmos. à interessante estudar uma possível inclusão das associações de catadores e/ou de horticultores do município nessas indústrias e a perspectiva de mercado de ambos os produtos na região. Palavras-chave: Resíduos sólidos urbanos; aproveitamento da biomassa; viabilidade técnico-econômica. STUDY OF THE POTENTIAL FOR REUSE OF PRUNING WASTE FROM THE MUNICIPALITY OF PALMAS â TO ABSTRACT The allocation usually given to biomass waste from pruning, depositing them in landfills and dumps, not sustainable and appropriate since it precludes the use of its calorific value and the content of organic matter that can return to the soil. Based on the potentiality of use of this waste the objective of this study was to conduct a survey of the situation and final destination of such waste in Palmas-TO, quantify and analyze the technical and economic feasibility for the briquettes and Composting plants. In the municipality of Palmas-TO, to the year 2014, it has been estimated a production of pruning waste equivalent to 8396.17 tons/year and 23 ton/day. Estimated gross revenue totaled R$1,478,400.00 for the plant of briquettes and R$2,183,004.00 to the composting plant. In relation to the cost of production was achieved R$88.74/ton of compost and R$ 101.29/ton of briquettes, values less than the selling price by finding on the market, which makes feasible the production and marketing of the same. It is interesting to study a possible inclusion of associations of collectors and/or horticulturalists of the municipality in these industries and the prospect of market of both products in the region. Keywords: Urban solid waste; biomass utilization; technical-economic feasibility