Comparison of 3D models of a paleolithic wooden point

The subject of this dissertation was to investigate the importance of informatics, computer technologies, computing methods, computer programming, 3D models and 3D graphical software tools in archaeology and in interdisciplinary archaeological treatises, analyzes and evaluations of the artefacts and the past cultural heritage using case study. The task is focused primarily on the comparison and analysis of the parameters five 3D models of the paleolithic wooden artefact in the given formats (PLY and STL), which were made in the time interval 2009{2018. A comparative analysis of the data and parameters of all 3D models was carried out with open source software CloudCompare. The obtained results and the comparisons made confirmed the initial hypothesis of changes that occurred on the artefact after the discovery and exclusion from its natural environment. The differences and changes found (for example: bending and deformation, changes in texture and cross-section, color, etc.) highlighted the danger of unwanted changes and degradation of archaeological remains of land and underwater cultural heritage after their removal from the natural conditions of the site. However, the selected software fulfilled the expectations of its suitability and usefulness for archaeological analysis and for evaluation of the cultural heritage in general

Comparison of 3D models of a paleolithic wooden point

The subject of this dissertation was to investigate the importance of informatics, computer technologies, computing methods, computer programming, 3D models and 3D graphical software tools in archaeology and in interdisciplinary archaeological treatises, analyzes and evaluations of the artefacts and the past cultural heritage using case study. The task is focused primarily on the comparison and analysis of the parameters five 3D models of the paleolithic wooden artefact in the given formats (PLY and STL), which were made in the time interval 2009--2018. A comparative analysis of the data and parameters of all 3D models was carried out with open source software CloudCompare. The obtained results and the comparisons made confirmed the initial hypothesis of changes that occurred on the artefact after the discovery and exclusion from its natural environment. The differences and changes found (for example: bending and deformation, changes in texture and cross-section, color, etc.) highlighted the danger of unwanted changes and degradation of archaeological remains of land and underwater cultural heritage after their removal from the natural conditions of the site. However, the selected software fulfilled the expectations of its suitability and usefulness for archaeological analysis and for evaluation of the cultural heritage in general

Comparison of 3D models of a paleolithic wooden point

The subject of this dissertation was to investigate the importance of informatics, computer technologies, computing methods, computer programming, 3D models and 3D graphical software tools in archaeology and in interdisciplinary archaeological treatises, analyzes and evaluations of the artefacts and the past cultural heritage using case study. The task is focused primarily on the comparison and analysis of the parameters five 3D models of the paleolithic wooden artefact in the given formats (PLY and STL), which were made in the time interval 2009--2018. A comparative analysis of the data and parameters of all 3D models was carried out with open source software CloudCompare. The obtained results and the comparisons made confirmed the initial hypothesis of changes that occurred on the artefact after the discovery and exclusion from its natural environment. The differences and changes found (for example: bending and deformation, changes in texture and cross-section, color, etc.) highlighted the danger of unwanted changes and degradation of archaeological remains of land and underwater cultural heritage after their removal from the natural conditions of the site. However, the selected software fulfilled the expectations of its suitability and usefulness for archaeological analysis and for evaluation of the cultural heritage in general

Reconstruction of 3D models from microtomographic images of archeological artifacts

Uvajanje informacijskih tehnologij v arheološko delo je vplivalo v 21. stoletju na to, da sta Londonska listina in Seviljska načela 3D modeliranje in digitalizacijo priporočili kot mednarodni standard arheološke dokumentacije. 3D modeli so trajni nosilci številnih informacij o predmetu, ki jih lahko arheologi preiskujejo, vrednotijo in primerjajo, ne da bi pri tem predmete poškodovali ali uničili. Večina 3D modelov je v arheologiji izdelana s fotogrametrijo, snemalniki na strukturirano svetlobo ali z laserskimi snemalniki. Delo hipotetično predpostavlja, da površinski 3D modeli ne zagotavljajo potrebnih informacij za celostno obravnavo in vrednotenje arheoloških ostalin. Popolnejšo informacijo lahko zagotovi le prostorninski 3D model. Tega je mogoče neinvazivno rekonstruirati iz mikrotomografskih slik. V magistrskem delu sta opisana primera zasnove dveh iterativnih algoritmov za rekonstrukcijo prostorninskih 3D modelov iz dvodimenzionalnih mikrotomografskih slik. Algoritma sta izdelana s programskim paketom za numerično analizo MatLab. Prilagojena sta konkretnim arheološkim ciljem raziskovanja (deformacijska in volumetrična analiza4D analizaprepoznavanje in mikrolokacija poškodb, deformacij, razpok in lomov). Oblak točk in triangulacijska mreža prostorninskega 3D modela vsebujeta veliko število informacij, ki kvalitativno dopolnjujejo informacije površinskega 3D modela in optimirajo arheološki dokumentalistični zapis. Testiranje algoritmov na izbranih arheoloških predmetih je potrdilo njuno uporabnost za celostno vrednotenje arheoloških objektov. Algoritma pa sta lahko tudi koristno orodje v postopkih izbora ustreznejših metod in tehnik konserviranja in restavriranja ostalin kulturne dediščine.The introduction of information technology into archaeological work has in the 21st century influenced The London Charter and The Seville Principles in such a way that they recommended 3D modeling and digitization as an international standard for archaeological documentation. 3D models are permanent carriers of a wealth of information about an object that archaeologists can investigate, evaluate, and compare without damaging or destroying the objects. Most 3D models in archeology are made with photogrammetry, structured light recorders or with laser recorders. This work hypothetically assumes that surface 3D models do not provide the necessary information for a comprehensive treatment and evaluation of archaeological remains. Only a volumetric 3D model can provide more complete information. This can be non-invasively reconstructed from microtomographic images. The master’s thesis describes the design of two iterative algorithms for the reconstruction of volumetric 3D models from two-dimensional microtomographic images. The algorithms are developed using the MatLab numerical analysis software package. They are adapted to the specific archaeological objectives of the research (deformation and volumetric analysis4D analysisidentification and microlocation of damage, deformations, cracks and fractures). The point cloud and the triangulation network of the volumetric 3D model contains a large amount of information that qualitatively complements the information of the surface 3D model and optimizes the archaeological documentary record. Testing of the algorithms on selected archaeological objects confirmed their usefulness for the comprehensive evaluation of archaeological objects. Algorithms can also be a useful tool in the process of selecting more appropriate methods and techniques for the conser-vation and restoration of cultural heritage remains

Comparison of 3D models of a paleolithic wooden point

Predmet diplomske naloge je z metodo študije primera raziskati pomen ra-čunalniških tehnologij, informacijskih metod, računalniških programov, 3D modelov in 3D grafičnih programskih orodij v arheologiji. Naloga je osredotočena predvsem na primerjavo in analizo parametrov petih 3D modelov paleolitske lesene konice v izbranih formatih (PLY in STL), ki so bili narejeni v časovnem intervalu 2009--2018. Primerjalna analiza podatkov in parametrov vseh 3D modelov je bila opravljena z odprtokodnim računalniškim programom CloudCompare. Dobljeni rezultati ter opravljene primerjave so potrdile začetno hipotezo o spremembah, ki so nastale na artefaktu po njegovem odkritju in izločitvi iz njegovega naravnega okolja. Ugotovljene razlike in spremembe (npr. upogib in deformacija, spremembe v teksturi in preseku, ipd.) so nazorno izpostavile nevarnost neželenih sprememb in degradacije arheoloških ostalin kopenske in podvodne kulturne dediščine po njihovi izločitvi iz naravnih pogojev najdišča. Izbrana programska oprema je izpolnila pričakovanja o njeni primernosti, uporabnosti in koristnosti pri arheološki analizi in vrednotenju ostalin kulturne dediščine.The subject of this dissertation was to investigate the importance of informatics, computer technologies, computing methods, computer programming, 3D models and 3D graphical software tools in archaeology and in interdisciplinary archaeological treatises, analyzes and evaluations of the artefacts and the past cultural heritage using case study. The task is focused primarily on the comparison and analysis of the parameters five 3D models of the paleolithic wooden artefact in the given formats (PLY and STL), which were made in the time interval 2009--2018. A comparative analysis of the data and parameters of all 3D models was carried out with open source software CloudCompare. The obtained results and the comparisons made confirmed the initial hypothesis of changes that occurred on the artefact after the discovery and exclusion from its natural environment. The differences and changes found (for example: bending and deformation, changes in texture and cross-section, color, etc.) highlighted the danger of unwanted changes and degradation of archaeological remains of land and underwater cultural heritage after their removal from the natural conditions of the site. However, the selected software fulfilled the expectations of its suitability and usefulness for archaeological analysis and for evaluation of the cultural heritage in general