Reviving Craft in a Context of Design: Physical Practice in a Digital Culture

In the pursuit of speed and efficiency, contemporary visual communication eradicates the essence of the individual in favour of certainty. Mass production and the rational thought processes that steer Western Culture have caused much of the human relationship with the physical world to deteriorate. This graphic design research employs craft processes and theories of the discipline to explore the irregularities engendered by the human hand. It does so by merging production methods involving both analogue and digital operations. The unique vagaries of handcraft inform aesthetic experience by enriching communication culture with the haptic qualities of the individual. By combining strategies of risk and certainty, handcraft procedures complement the work of mechanical production and serves as a potential cultural instrument. Together these production methods culminate in a richer means of communication that reveals an ontological relationship between form and representation, one which affirms and counters the alienation of a modern world

Use of domperidone to increase breast milk supply: are women really dying to breastfeed?

Letter to the EditorLuke Grzeskowia

Surgical implant and tissue interface

Stability of implant-tissue interface is vital for implant integration with adjacent tissue and it influences directly short- and long-term surgical outcome. The literature provides comprehensive research on implants engaged in soft as well as in hard tissues. Various factors have been found to significantly influence the interface stability. This comprehensive work incorporated several research projects with main focus on implant-tissue interface stability, which was evaluated using biomechanical assessment tools such as pullout, four-point bending as well as reverse torque test. Implants were evaluated under ex vivo conditions, immediately after being placed within tissue as well as under in vivo conditions, 2- and 6-months following the implantation surgery in goat and equine animal model. Several viewpoints of implant - tissue interface have been addressed in the following studies. Stability of the interface has been found to be primarily influenced by amount of load experienced by the implants, stress applied to adjacent tissue as well as bioactive coatings. The following studies offer novel technologies which improved implant - tissue interface stability and significantly enhanced tissue regeneration. These technologies include novel design laryngeal clamps and novel technology polyurethane scaffolds coated with bioactive nanophase Hydroxyapatite. Projects included in this dissertation concern stresses applied by the suture to adjacent laryngeal cartilage or collateral ligaments, enthesis restoration using commercially available suture anchors, as well as stability of suture anchor and stainless-steel screw within bone tissue under different loading conditions. The final chapters concern integration of tissue scaffold coated bioactive agents.Research incorporated in this work found that increased tissue and implant contact area resulted in increased interface stability and better osseointegration. Further, osseointegration process varied between each screw used to fix dynamic compression plate to bone varied. Bioactive coatings such as nanophase Hydroxyapatite were found to significantly enhance osseointegration of bone scaffolds and resulted in significantly enhanced bone regeneration

Use of domperidone to increase breast milk supply: further consideration of the benefit-risk ratio is required

Letter to the EditorLuke E. Grzeskowiak, Lisa H. Ami

Gut microbiota in early infancy: effect of environment, diet and probiotics

Siirretty Doriast

Pharmacological management of low milk supply with domperidone: separating fact from fiction

Letter to the EditorLuke E Grzeskowiak, Lisa H Ami

Antidepressant use in late gestation and risk of postpartum haemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study

Objective: To investigate the association between antidepressant use in late gestation and postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). Design: Retrospective cohort study. Tertiary teaching hospital in Adelaide, Australia. Population: A total of 30 198 women delivering between 2002 and 2008. Methods: Relative risks adjusted for maternal sociodemographics and comorbidities (aRRs) were calculated for PPH, comparing women with late-gestation exposure to antidepressants (n = 558), women with a psychiatric illness but no antidepressant use (n = 1292), and women with neither antenatal exposures (n = 28 348). Additional sensitivity analyses were undertaken, examining associations with severe PPH and postpartum anaemia. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome was PPH, defined as a recorded blood loss of ≥500 mL for vaginal deliveries and ≥1000 mL for caesarean sections. Secondary outcomes included severe PPH (≥1000 mL blood loss, irrespective of method of delivery), and the presence of postpartum anaemia (identified from hospital medical records). Results: Compared with unexposed controls, women exposed to antidepressants had an increased risk of PPH (aRR 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI 1.25-1.86), whereas no increased risk was observed for women with a psychiatric illness but no antidepressant use (aRR 1.04; 95% CI 0.89-1.23). In sensitivity analyses, late gestation antidepressant exposure was associated with an increased risk of severe PPH (aRR 1.84; 95% CI 1.39-2.44), as well as postpartum anaemia (aRR 1.80; 95% CI 1.46-2.22). Conclusions: Exposure to antidepressants in late gestation was associated with a significantly increased risk of PPH. Although potential confounding by unmeasured factors cannot be ruled out, these findings suggest a direct effect of antidepressant exposure on PPH.LE Grzeskowiak, R McBain, GA Dekker, VL Clifto

Opportunism in Brand Partnerships: Effects of Coercion and Relationship Norms

Brand partner opportunism—deceptive or guileful behavior to gain an advantage—is a threat to a successful brand partnership. In this study, the authors examined the effects of coercive and noncoercive tactics for preventing opportunism as those tactics are influenced by relational norms—mutually held standards of behavior that support close relationships. In a survey of 367 hotel general managers from two large hotel brands, the authors found that, in partnerships characterized by strong relational norms, coercive influence strategies, such as threats, promises, or legalistic pleas, are less effective at limiting opportunism than are noncoercive strategies, such as information exchange, recommendations, or requests, which are more effective. In contrast, when relational norms are weak, the authors found that coercive strategies are more effective than are noncoercive strategies. However, regardless of the nature of the relationship, the GMs reported that coercive techniques work only briefly and are ineffective over the long term. Thus, considering the nature of the hotel industry, noncoercive strategies are more likely to benefit brand headquarters’ efforts to limit brand partner opportunism