Analysis of Xamarin capabilities for building mobile multi-platform applications

The article presents Xamarin platform which is used to create cross-platform application for Android, iOS, MacOS and Universal Windows Platform. This article shows Xamarin platform and a test application that has been used to investigate platform's capabilities and effectiveness in creating multi-platform applications. Inspections prove that Xamarin allows to create multi-platform applications in a more effective way without losing too much on performance of these applications on individual platforms and systems

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with fulleropyrrolidine : photoinactivation mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus, in vitro and in vivo studies

A family of N-methylpyrrolidinium fullerene iodide salts has been intensively studied to determine their applicability in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT). This study examined in vitro the efficacy of a C60 fullerene functionalized with one methylpyrrolidinium group to kill upon irradiation with white light gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, as well as fungal cells, and the corresponding mechanism of the fullerene bactericidal action. The in vitro studies revealed that the high antistaphylococcal efficacy of functionalized fullerene could be linked to their ability to photogenerate singlet oxygen and superoxide anion. Following Staphylococcus aureus photoinactivation, no modifications of its genomic DNA were detected. In contrast, photodamage of the cell envelope seemed to be a dominant mechanism of bactericidal action. In in vivo studies, a 2 log10 reduction in the average bioluminescent radiance between treated and non-treated mice was reached. One day post APDT treatment, moist and abundant growth of bacteria could be observed on wounds of non-fulleropyrrolidine and dark control mice. APDT-treated wounds stayed visibly clear up to the third day. Moreover, cytotoxicity test on human dermal keratinocytes revealed great safety of using the sensitizer toward eukaryotic cells. These data indicate potential application of functionalized fullerene as antistaphylococcal sensitizer for superficial infections

Murine Model Imitating Chronic Wound Infections for Evaluation of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy

It is generally acknowledged that the age of antibiotics could come to an end, due to their widespread and inappropriate use. Particularly for chronic wounds alternatives are being thought. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy is a potential candidate, and while approved for some indications, such as periodontitis, chronic sinusitis and other niche indications, its use in chronic wounds is not established. To further facilitate the development of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in chronic wounds we present an easy to use animal model exhibiting the key hallmarks of chronic wounds, based on full-thickness skin wounds paired with an optically transparent cover. The moisture-retaining wound exhibited rapid expansion of pathogen colonies up to 8 days while not jeopardizing the host survival. Use of two bioluminescent pathogens; methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa permits real time monitoring of the pathogens.The murine model was employed to evaluate the performance of four different photosensitizers as mediators in Photodynamic Therapy. While all four photosensitizers, Rose Bengal, porphyrin TMPyP, New Methylene Blue and TLD1411 demonstrated good to excellent antimicrobial efficacy in planktonic solutions at 1 to 50 µM concentrations, whereas in in vivo the growth delay was limited with 24-48 hr delay in pathogen expansion for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and we noticed longer growth suppression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with TLD1411 mediated Photodynamic Therapy. The murine model will enable developing new strategies for enhancement of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy for chronic wound infections

African swine fever virus – the possible role of flies and other insects in virus transmission

African swine fever (ASF) is an acute viral haemorrhagic disease of pigs and wild boars. It presents a serious threat to pig production worldwide, and since 2007, ASF outbreaks have been recorded in the Caucasus, Eastern Europe, and the Baltic States. In 2014, the disease was detected in Poland. ASF is on the list of notifiable diseases of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Due to the lack of an available vaccine and treatment, the countermeasures against the disease consist in early detection of the virus in the pig population and control of its spread through the elimination of herds affected by disease outbreaks. Knowledge of the potential vectors of the virus and its persistence in the environment is crucial to prevent further disease spread and to understand the new epidemiology for how it compares to the previous experience in Spain gathered in the 1970s and 1980s

Analysis of Xamarin capabilities for building mobile multi-platform applications

W artykule przedstawiono platformę Xamarin wykorzystywaną do tworzenia aplikacji wieloplatformowych na systemy: Android, iOS, MacOS oraz platformę Universal Windows Platform. Omówiona została sama platforma, a także aplikacja testowa oraz badania przeprowadzone w celu przeanalizowania możliwości platformy i jej efektywności w budowaniu aplikacji. Badania dotyczyły części wspólnej kodu, rozmiaru aplikacji po zainstalowaniu oraz jej wydajności. Pokazały one, że z pomocą Xamarina możliwe jest tworzenie aplikacji o części wspólnej kodu powyżej 80%, przy zachowaniu niewielkiego rozmiaru i zadowalającej wydajności.The article presents Xamarin platform which is used to create cross-platform application for Android, iOS, MacOS and Universal Windows Platform. This article shows Xamarin platform and a test application that has been used to investigate platform's capabilities and effectiveness in creating multi-platform applications. Inspections prove that Xamarin allows to create multi-platform applications in a more effective way without losing too much on performance of these applications on individual platforms and systems

Knockdown of AKT3 (PKBγ) and PI3KCA Suppresses Cell Viability and Proliferation and Induces the Apoptosis of Glioblastoma Multiforme T98G Cells

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant and invasive human brain tumor that is difficult to treat and has a very poor prognosis. Thus, new therapeutic strategies that target GBM are urgently needed. The PI3K/AKT/PTEN signaling pathway is frequently deregulated in a wide range of cancers. The present study was designed to examine the inhibitory effect of AKT3 or PI3KCA siRNAs on GBM cell growth, viability, and proliferation.T98G cells were transfected with AKT3 and/or PI3KCA siRNAs. AKT3 and PI3KCA protein-positive cells were identified using FC and Western blotting. The influence of specific siRNAs on T98G cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis was evaluated as well using FC. Alterations in the mRNA expression of AKT3, PI3KCA, and apoptosis-related genes were analyzed using QRT-PCR. Knockdown of AKT3 and/or PI3KCA genes in T98G cells led to a significant reduction in cell viability, the accumulation of subG1-phase cells and, a reduced fraction of cells in the S and G2/M phases. Additionally, statistically significant differences in the BAX/BCL-2 ratio and an increased percentage of apoptotic cells were found. The siRNA-induced AKT3 and PI3KCA mRNA knockdown may offer a novel therapeutic strategy to control the growth of human GBM cells