Phenotypic, genetic and environmental parameters for traits related to femur bone integrity and body weight at 42 days of age in a broiler population

Intense selection among broilers, especially for performance and carcass traits, currently favors locomotion problems and bone resistance. Conducting studies relating to development and growth of bone tissue in broilers is necessary to minimize losses. Thus, genetic parameters were estimated for a broiler population's phenotypic traits such as BW at 42 d of age (BW42), chilled femur weight (CFW) and its yield (CFY), and femur measurements: calcium, DM, magnesium, phosphorus, and zinc content; breaking strength; rigidity; length; and thickness. Variance components were estimated through multitrait analyses using the restricted maximum likelihood method. The model included a fixed group effect (sex and hatch) and additive and residual genetic random effects. The heritability estimates we obtained ranged from 0.10 ± 0.05 to 0.50 ± 0.08 for chilled femur yield and BW42, respectively, and indicated that the traits can respond to the selection process, except for CFY, which presented low-magnitude heritability coefficients. Genetic correlation estimates between breaking strength, rigidity, and traits related to mineral content indicated that selection that aims to improve the breaking strength resistance of the femur is highly correlated with mineral content. Given the genetic correlation estimates between BW42 and minerals, it is suggested that in this population, selection for BW42 can be performed with greater intensity without affecting femoral integrity

Em busca de conforto lingüístico e metodológico no Acre indígena In search of linguistic and methodological comfort in indigenous Acre

Neste texto, pretende-se, em última instância, refletir sobre os modos como as pesquisas são, sempre, condicionadas por representações culturalmente determinadas. Para tanto, considerarei práticas discursivas em um contexto de formação continuada de professores-pesquisadores indígenas no Estado do Acre. Atualmente envolvidos com a condução de pesquisas de cunho sociolingüístico, esses professores esperam produzir conhecimento que os ajudem a formular políticas lingüísticas locais favoráveis ao fortalecimento das línguas tradicionais de suas comunidades de fala. O foco de análise recairá, especificamente, sobre algumas visões conflitantes entre os modos como esses professores e sua formadora não-indígena avaliam instrumentos de pesquisa e entendem como devem se dar os processos de geração de dados. Além de argumentar que a não consideração dessas diferenças de perspectivas podem se constituir em impedimento importante para a condução do tipo de investigação desejada, pretendo, neste texto, chamar a atenção para o fato de que, por um lado, a categoria local precisa ser sempre lida com parcimônia e, por outro, conceitos como etnocentrismo ou grafocentrismo nem sempre são suficientes para explicar todos os complexos problemas de que se investem as relações interculturais. A expectativa é que este texto possa, de alguma maneira, contribuir para a formação de professores-pesquisadores no país e, sobretudo, para a nossa compreensão da complexidade imposta, contemporaneamente, pela interculturalidade.<br>The aim of this paper is to reflect upon the ways research processes are conditioned by culturally determined representations. In order to do so, discursive practices in an in-service indigenous teacher-researcher educational program in the state of Acre will be examined. Presently involved in local sociolinguistic research projects, these teachers hope to produce knowledge that will help them devise linguistic planning capable of strengthening their heritage languages. The analysis will specifically focus on some conflicting views these teachers-researchers and their teacher educator have about how research instruments should be devised and research data processes should be conducted. It is argued, as a final consideration, that disregarding such different perspectives may result in serious constraints for the intended investigations. It is also claimed that references to the local should always be interpreted with a grain of salt and that ethnocentrism and graphocentrism are insufficient concepts to explain all conflicts embedded in intercultural relations. This paper hopes to somehow contribute to teacher-researcher education programs in our county, as well as to our understanding of the complex role intercultural interpretations play in minority languages policy and planning