Flodden 1513: re-examining British warfare at the end of the Middle Ages

Most recent accounts of the battle of Flodden, fought between English and Scottish forces on 9 September 1513 and which resulted in an English victory and the death of the Scottish king James IV, had stressed the novelty of Scottish tactics. This essay re-examines the structure, tactics and command of both armies and their application during the Flodden command. It suggests that it was the English under the leadership of Thomas Howard, earl of Surrey, who were the more 'modern' of the two forces, both in terms of their weaponry and military structures, but also in the extent to which their commanders embraced new 'Renaissance' notions of command and military service

Henry VI

This monograph examines the reign of Henry VI (1422-1461, 1470-71) in the context of a distinctly Lancastrian political culture. It argues that the failures of his reign must be understand in the distinctive political culture of early fifteenth-century England and the impact of the revolution of 1399, as well as the wider cultural, religious and chivalric context of late medieval Europe

Three narratives of the Fall of Calais in 1558: explaining defeat in Tudor England

This articles examines the way in which successive Tudor writers analysed and accounted for the fall of the Calais Pale to the forces of the duke of Guise in January 1558

‘Stond Hore Son and Yeld Thy Knyff’: urban politics, language and litigation in late medieval Canterbury

This chapter examines the Rosier Riot of 1500 in Canterbury. It does so in the context of the city's relationships with religious houses during the late Middle Ages, most notably St. Augustine's Abbey and Christ Church cathedral priory. It examines the strategies - law, violence and the arbitration of great men - that both sides used to settle these frequent and ongoing disputes within the city. It draws on local and national archives and sets the Canterbury experience in the context of recent research into urban political culture in late medieval England

Royal public finance (c.1290-1523)

This essay compares and contrasts the development of royal and public finance and fiscal systems in England and France between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries