НОВЫЙ СОРТ DRACOCEPHALUM MOLDAVICA L. СЕЛЕКЦИИ ФГБНУ ВИЛАР

The aim of the study is to develop a high–yielding variety of Dracocephalum moldavica L., suitable for cultivation in the Central region of the Russian Federation, and to study the seeding rates and sowing methods on its example. The experimental part of the work was performed in Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in 2016-2017 by field and laboratory experiments. New variety "Nezhnost" (selection № 14-99) is derived by the method of individual-family selection of the cultivated population, is significantly superior to the zoned variety Gorynych on the yield of dry herb (at LSD05=1,8 с/ha) and seed (at LSD05=0,61 с/ha), gross yield of essential oil to by 20%. The object of the study of varietal features of seeding rates and methods of sowing was a promising variety "Nezhnost", for which two-factor experiment was put: 6 variants of seeding rates and 3 variants of sowing methods. Sowing period: early spring. Harvesting: when browning 3/4 of stems. The biological potential of plants has been fully realized in wide-row crops with seeding rate of 2.0-2.5 million PCs/ha, contributing to the formation of productive architectonics, optimization of the production process and maximum realization of seed productivity. To obtain high yields of Dracocephalum moldavica L. when cultivated on seeds in the Central region, the rate of seeding (2,5 million pieces of germinating seeds per hectare) is reduced by 20% of the rate when sowing on green mass, a wide-row method of sowing is used.Целью исследования является выведение высокоурожайного сорта змееголовника молдавского (Dracocephalum moldavica L.), пригодного для возделывания в Центральном регионе Российской Федерации, и изучение норм высева и способов посева при возделывании на семена на его примере. Экспериментальная часть работы выполнена в научно-исследовательском институте лекарственных и ароматических растений (ФГБНУ ВИЛАР) в 2016-2017 годах методом постановки полевых и лабораторных экспериментов. Объект исследования: новый сорт Нежность. Перспективный сорт Нежность (селекционный образец № 14-99) выведен методом индивидуально-семейного отбора из культивируемой популяции, значительно превосходит районированный сорт Горыныч (стандарт) по урожайности сухой травы (при НСР05=1,8 ц/га) и семян (при НСР05=0,61 ц/га). Валовый сбор эфирного масла у сорта Нежность на 20% выше, чем у сорта-стандарта. Для изучения приёмов агротехники был поставлен двухфакторный эксперимент, включающий 6 вариантов норм высева и 2 варианта способов посева. Срок посева: ранневесенний. Сбор урожая: при побурении 3/4 цветоносов. Биологический потенциал растений полностью реализуется в широкорядных посевах с нормой высева 2,0-2,5 млн шт./га, способствуя формированию продуктивной архитектоники, оптимизации продукционного процесса и максимальной реализации семенной продуктивности. Для получения высоких урожаев змееголовника молдавского (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) сорта Нежность при возделывании на семена в Центральном регионе Российской Федерации норма высева (2,5 млн штук всхожих семян на гектар) снижается на 20% от нормы при посеве на зеленую массу, а также рекомендуется способ посева с шириной междурядий 60 см

Исследование химического состава летучих компонентов плодов пижмы обыкновенной (Tanacetum vulgare L.) методом хромато-масс-спектрометрии

This work represents the study of the volatile components of the lipid fraction from Tanacetum vulgareachenes. The lipid fraction of the Tanacetum vulgare achenes is a mobile oily transparent greenish-brown liquid. Content of lipid fraction was 26,48±0,38%. Trilinolein was the predominant component in the mixture. This makes it possible to carry the fatty oil to the semidrying oil. It also contains free essential polyunsaturated eicosatrienoic and docosahexaenoic acids in the form of propane ethyl ether. These are Omega 3 acids. In addition, higher fatty acids are represented by methyl esters of eicosapentaenoic and eicosatetraenoic acids. Eicosatetraenoic acid is a metabolite of arachidonic acid, which is part of vitamin F. Also, the presence of vitamin E noted. A significant amount of isoprenoids has been detected. These are bicyclic monoterpenoids borneol, bicycloheptan-on-trimethyl and thujone. Sesquiterpene lactone arglabin was the basis of a new antitumor drug. We noted the presence of stigmasterol, campesterol and sitosterol, a precursor of vitamin D. There are saponins of the triterpene and steroid series. Aliphatic compounds in the lipid complex: octadecane propanedibisoxy, methyltetradecene-ol-acetate, methyl ester of dodecatetraenoic acid, octadecatrienoic acid as 2,3-dihydropropyl ether, tetratriacontane, tetrapentacontane as dibromo derivative, propyl-octadecadienoate and dodecadienal. The aromatic compounds of the lipid complex are represented by thymol.Проанализирован выход и компонентный состав липидной фракции плодов пижмы обыкновенной. Отмечены триацилглицерины, жирорастворимые витамины и их предшественники, изопреноиды, вещества, имеющие алифатическую и ароматическую структуру. Показано, что выход липидного комплекса составил 26,48±0,38%

<i>DRACOCEPHALUM MOLDAVICA</i> L. NEW VARIETY OF BREEDING OF VILAR

The aim of the study is to develop a high–yielding variety of Dracocephalum moldavica L., suitable for cultivation in the Central region of the Russian Federation, and to study the seeding rates and sowing methods on its example. The experimental part of the work was performed in Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in 2016-2017 by field and laboratory experiments. New variety "Nezhnost" (selection № 14-99) is derived by the method of individual-family selection of the cultivated population, is significantly superior to the zoned variety Gorynych on the yield of dry herb (at LSD05=1,8 с/ha) and seed (at LSD05=0,61 с/ha), gross yield of essential oil to by 20%. The object of the study of varietal features of seeding rates and methods of sowing was a promising variety "Nezhnost", for which two-factor experiment was put: 6 variants of seeding rates and 3 variants of sowing methods. Sowing period: early spring. Harvesting: when browning 3/4 of stems. The biological potential of plants has been fully realized in wide-row crops with seeding rate of 2.0-2.5 million PCs/ha, contributing to the formation of productive architectonics, optimization of the production process and maximum realization of seed productivity. To obtain high yields of Dracocephalum moldavica L. when cultivated on seeds in the Central region, the rate of seeding (2,5 million pieces of germinating seeds per hectare) is reduced by 20% of the rate when sowing on green mass, a wide-row method of sowing is used

Исследование химического состава летучих компонентов плодов пижмы обыкновенной (Tanacetum vulgare L.) методом хромато-масс-спектрометрии

This work represents the study of the volatile components of the lipid fraction from Tanacetum vulgareachenes. The lipid fraction of the Tanacetum vulgare achenes is a mobile oily transparent greenish-brown liquid. Content of lipid fraction was 26,48±0,38%. Trilinolein was the predominant component in the mixture. This makes it possible to carry the fatty oil to the semidrying oil. It also contains free essential polyunsaturated eicosatrienoic and docosahexaenoic acids in the form of propane ethyl ether. These are Omega 3 acids. In addition, higher fatty acids are represented by methyl esters of eicosapentaenoic and eicosatetraenoic acids. Eicosatetraenoic acid is a metabolite of arachidonic acid, which is part of vitamin F. Also, the presence of vitamin E noted. A significant amount of isoprenoids has been detected. These are bicyclic monoterpenoids borneol, bicycloheptan-on-trimethyl and thujone. Sesquiterpene lactone arglabin was the basis of a new antitumor drug. We noted the presence of stigmasterol, campesterol and sitosterol, a precursor of vitamin D. There are saponins of the triterpene and steroid series. Aliphatic compounds in the lipid complex: octadecane propanedibisoxy, methyltetradecene-ol-acetate, methyl ester of dodecatetraenoic acid, octadecatrienoic acid as 2,3-dihydropropyl ether, tetratriacontane, tetrapentacontane as dibromo derivative, propyl-octadecadienoate and dodecadienal. The aromatic compounds of the lipid complex are represented by thymol.Проанализирован выход и компонентный состав липидной фракции плодов пижмы обыкновенной. Отмечены триацилглицерины, жирорастворимые витамины и их предшественники, изопреноиды, вещества, имеющие алифатическую и ароматическую структуру. Показано, что выход липидного комплекса составил 26,48±0,38%

ФЕНОТИПИЧЕСКАЯ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ И ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ПЛОДОВ TANACETUM VULGARE L. -ПЕРСПЕКТИВНОГО ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОГО СЫРЬЯ

Recently, to obtain Tanaceti flores of standard quality, the plant is cultivated. Achenes are the seed material. The fruits of Tanacetum vulgare L. contain fatty oil. Therefore, they can be a promising fatty raw material. The article presents data on phenotypic variability and correlation of quantitative traits in Tanacetum vulgare L. when growing in Non-Chernozem zone of Russia. The characteristics of biomorphological and economic signs of fruiting are described, as well as their intrapopulation variability. 2-years-olds plants in terms of productivity and yield of fruit exceeded in 2,0-2,3 times compared with annual plants. In subsequent years of life, the changes in these indicators are insignificant. On the high variability of fruit yields, we can be estimated that the composition of the Tanacetum vulgare L. population includes biotypes that differ significantly in these parameters. The criteria for establishing authenticity of the fruits of Tanacetum vulgare L. was studied. This is a necessary section of the regulatory documentation. Morphological and anatomical features, as well as the determination of the main groups of biologically active substances, have been studied.Плоды пижмы обыкновенной Tanacetum vulgare L. - перспективное жирномасличное сырье. Приведены данные по фенотипической изменчивости пижмы обыкновенной при выращивании в Нечерноземной зоне Российской Федерации. Рассмотрены критерии идентификации плодов пижмы обыкновенной как необходимого раздела для создания нормативной документации: морфологические и анатомические признаки и определение основных групп биологически активных веществ

ФЕНОТИПИЧЕСКАЯ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ И ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ПЛОДОВ TANACETUM VULGARE L. -ПЕРСПЕКТИВНОГО ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОГО СЫРЬЯ

Recently, to obtain Tanaceti flores of standard quality, the plant is cultivated. Achenes are the seed material. The fruits of Tanacetum vulgare L. contain fatty oil. Therefore, they can be a promising fatty raw material. The article presents data on phenotypic variability and correlation of quantitative traits in Tanacetum vulgare L. when growing in Non-Chernozem zone of Russia. The characteristics of biomorphological and economic signs of fruiting are described, as well as their intrapopulation variability. 2-years-olds plants in terms of productivity and yield of fruit exceeded in 2,0-2,3 times compared with annual plants. In subsequent years of life, the changes in these indicators are insignificant. On the high variability of fruit yields, we can be estimated that the composition of the Tanacetum vulgare L. population includes biotypes that differ significantly in these parameters. The criteria for establishing authenticity of the fruits of Tanacetum vulgare L. was studied. This is a necessary section of the regulatory documentation. Morphological and anatomical features, as well as the determination of the main groups of biologically active substances, have been studied.Плоды пижмы обыкновенной Tanacetum vulgare L. - перспективное жирномасличное сырье. Приведены данные по фенотипической изменчивости пижмы обыкновенной при выращивании в Нечерноземной зоне Российской Федерации. Рассмотрены критерии идентификации плодов пижмы обыкновенной как необходимого раздела для создания нормативной документации: морфологические и анатомические признаки и определение основных групп биологически активных веществ

DECREASE IN ABRASIVE WEAR OF ELEMENTS OF MILLS OF SHOCK AND INTEGRATED ACTION WITH USE OF SOLID BEZVOLFRAMOVY TIC-TINI ALLOYS

In this work receiving composite materials on the basis of refractory connection – transitional alloy from a nikelid of the titan is considered. TiNi alloy has the high level of damping. Use of this binding material allows to increase significantly heat resistance, durability, plasticity and by that abrasive wear resistance the dezintegratornykh of installations in use beat. For conditions of road construction by the most suitable superthin crushing of mix as the most productive and less power- intensive process is. The izmelchitelnykh of installations is the advantage of this type their comparative compactness