Antidepressant suppression of REM and spindle sleep impairs hippocampus-dependent learning and memory but fosters striatal-dependent strategies

REM sleep enhances hippocampus-dependent associative memory but has little impact on striatal-dependent procedural learning. Antidepressant medications like desipramine (DMI) inhibit rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep but it is little understood how antidepressant treatments affect learning. We found that DMI strongly suppressed REM sleep in rats for several hours and impaired reconsolidation of a familiar maze and consolidation of moved baited positions (reversal learning) in a sleep-dependent fashion. Unexpectedly, DMI also reduced the spindle-rich transition-to-REM sleep state (TR) and spatial memory changes were more related to TR than to REM sleep. Working memory was unaffected, but overnight reference memory was significantly impaired and subjects increased reliance on non-hippocampal strategies. Procedural memory performance was positively correlated with increases in non-REM sleep after DMI serving to offset memory declines, partially preserving performance. Our results suggest that familiar memories are re-consolidated during REM sleep, reversal memories consolidated during TR, and procedural memories consolidated during non-REM sleep

The Sleep Room

Pages 58-6

Architecture and evolutionary stability of yeast signaling pathways

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 2006."September 2006."Includes bibliographical references (leaves 37-38).I have researched the effect that selection for the function of the High Osmolarity Glycerol (HOG) pathway has on the evolutionary stability of the pheromone response pathway in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I first set out to demonstrate that, because the pheromone and HOG response pathways share protein components, selection for HOG function will enrich a population for cells capable of pheromone response. I performed experiments in both continuous and batch culture to demonstrate this effect. I then characterized the decay of the pheromone response pathway first, by measuring its mutation rate and second, by measuring the fitness of a series of strains with pheromone response gene deletions. I conclude with thoughts on possible experiments that may be used to further this research.by Jeffrey S. Gritton.S.M

Listen To Your Heart: Promoting Traditional Music In The Schools Of Appalachia

Appalachian culture has many distinguishing features, one of those being the traditional music that has endured generations. Fostering traditional music in the region’s schools could help keep that heritage alive. While there are multiple programs that have worked to promote traditional music in Appalachia’s public schools, many systems have found the cost of visiting artists, instruments, and field trips out of reach with increasing budget cuts. The past year presented additional problems, as many schools have been forced to turn to alternative delivery systems for education that rely heavily on technology. Organizing a series of instructional videos, featuring local instructors and musicians who are all masters of their craft, could increase the accessibility of regional music instruction, while promoting an inexpensive way for Appalachian youth to learn more about their musical heritage. This presentation, drawn from interviews with those working in the field and a survey of online resources, displays the need for more accessible traditional music instruction and explores strategies for nurturing traditional music instruction among children in the region.https://scholarworks.moreheadstate.edu/celebration_posters_2021/1029/thumbnail.jp

Ekap Update: Rethinking The Presentation Of Historic Sites

The Eastern Kentucky Art Project was founded in 2007 as a way to connect communities with resources pertaining to visual arts and music in Eastern Kentucky. One significant type of resources EKAP features is information regarding historic architecture in Eastern Kentucky. Understanding cultural landmarks in people’s own communities can foster an inclusive and healthy community identity, but it became clear through recent efforts to update the EKAP website that information surrounding the preservation of historic sites is often difficult to access and understand for a general audience. Previous efforts to educate and encourage preservation of important sites was often tied to lengthy reports or only available through difficult to navigate government websites. Modern media, specifically social media, provides a novel opportunity to present historic preservation in a way that is engaging for diverse populations in today’s digital world. Social media also offers the possibility of storytelling that more static forms of media cannot. To successfully continue to preserve historic sites in a way that benefits communities, historic preservation practices must become not only more understandable, but also appealing to a wider audience. This presentation demonstrates best practices for making this vital information accessible in ways that are relevant and allow preservation to become a true passion for broader audiences, empowering communities to learn about and preserve their own unique history.https://scholarworks.moreheadstate.edu/celebration_posters_2021/1022/thumbnail.jp

Master of Science

thesisParticle methods have been used in fields ranging from fluid dynamics to plasma physics. The Particle-In-Cell method and the family of methods that are an extension of it are a combination of both Lagrangian and Eularian methods. In this thesis, we present a brief survey of some of the methods and their key components. We show the different methods by which spatial derviates are computed. We propose a method of showing how the so-called "ringing instabilies" associated with particle methods arise and a means to remove them. We also propose that the underlying nodal scheme plays a key role in the stability of the method. Lastly, dierent particle methods are explored through numerical simulations and compared against an analytic solution

Video-rate volumetric neuronal imaging using 3D targeted illumination

Fast volumetric microscopy is required to monitor large-scale neural ensembles with high spatio-temporal resolution. Widefield fluorescence microscopy can image large 2D fields of view at high resolution and speed while remaining simple and costeffective. A focal sweep add-on can further extend the capacity of widefield microscopy by enabling extended-depth-of-field (EDOF) imaging, but suffers from an inability to reject out-of-focus fluorescence background. Here, by using a digital micromirror device to target only in-focus sample features, we perform EDOF imaging with greatly enhanced contrast and signal-to-noise ratio, while reducing the light dosage delivered to the sample. Image quality is further improved by the application of a robust deconvolution algorithm. We demonstrate the advantages of our technique for in vivo calcium imaging in the mouse brain.This work was funded by the National Institutes of Health (R21EY026310) and the National Science Foundation (CBET-1508988). The authors wish to thank E. McCarthy and Prof. M.J. Baum for providing mouse brain slices used in this manuscript, and A. I. Mohammed for providing in vivo mouse brain samples in the early stages of this work. (R21EY026310 - National Institutes of Health; CBET-1508988 - National Science Foundation)Published versio

The Haldeman After School Program: Rural Service Learning in Underserved Communities

https://scholarworks.moreheadstate.edu/student_scholarship_posters/1052/thumbnail.jp

Genetic Control of Root Weight, Root Volume and Root to Shoot Weight Ratio in Peas

The genetic control of root weight, root volume and root to shoot weight ratio was studied in peas (Pisum sativum L.) at flowering. The four populations used were developed from crosses between lines and cultivars differing in size of the root systems. Plants of the F1, F2 , back cross and parental generations were evaluated in pots filled with soil: sand mixture, in a completely randomized design. A generation means analysis was used to determine the inheritance of the root characteristics. Root weight and volume exhibited moderate to high broad-sense heritability (0.41 - 0.81 for root weight, and 0.44 - 0.77 for root volume). Additive and dominance effects were important in the inheritance of root weight and volume in all populations, while epistatic effects were important only in two populations. The importance of the genetic parameters in the inheritance of root to shoot weight ratio was unclear. With the presence of large additive effects and high heritability, estimates for root weight and volume, selection for superior pure lines with large root systems should be effective

White-crowned sparrows tutored with syllable pairs can produce full songs

Journal ArticleDuring their 'sensitive period', young songbirds develop an 'acquired template', representing a memory of the song(s) that it hears. Later, during the sensorimotor phase, birds use this template to evaluate, via auditory feedback, their vocalizations