Disfunção da pars intermedia da hipófise em equinos associado a adenoma pituitário

The clinical syndrome of the pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is the most common endocrinopathy of older horses. This syndrome is characterized by several clinical and pathological changes, which are usually associated with adenomas of the pars intermedia (PI) of the pituitary gland. The aim of this work is to describe five cases of pituitary adenoma of the PI associated with PPID in horses, addressing its clinical and pathological aspects. The horses had a mean of 22 years of age. The main clinical signs were hirsutism and paresis of hind limbs, and at post mortem examination all horses had hirsutism, and a nodule in the pituitary gland, which was histologically characterized as an adenoma of PI (5/5). Furthermore, two horses had gross lesions suggestive of chronic laminitis. Moreover, there was intense parasitism of Sarcocystis neurona (2/5), Strongylus vulgaris (1/5), Parascaris equorum (1/5), Draschia megastoma (1/5), and Klossiella equi (1/5).A síndrome clínica da disfunção da pars intermedia da hipófise (PPID) é a endocrinopatia mais comum em cavalos idosos. Essa síndrome é caracterizada por várias alterações clínicas e patológicas, geralmente associadas a adenomas da pars intermedia (PI) da hipófise. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever cinco casos de adenoma hipofisário de PI associado a PPID em equinos, abordando seus aspectos clínicos e patológicos. Os cavalos apresentaram média de 22 anos de idade. Os principais sinais clínicos incluíam hirsutismo e paresia dos membros pélvicos, e no exame post mortem todos os equinos apresentavam hirsutismo e um nódulo na glândula pituitária, que foi histologicamente caracterizada como um adenoma de PI (5/5). Além disso, dois cavalos tinham lesões macroscópicas sugestivas de laminite crônica. Ainda, havia intenso parasitismo de Sarcocystis neurona (2/5), Strongylus vulgaris (1/5), Parascaris equorum (1/5), Draschia megastoma (1/5) e Klossiella equi (1/5)

Tromboembolismo da veia cava caudal em bovinos no Sul do Brasil : aspectos clínicos e patológicos de 30 casos

Hemoptysis associated with respiratory disorders are some findings of caudal vena cava thrombosis (CVCT) in cattle. Nevertheless, CVCT may be accompanied by a broad spectrum of clinical signs and gross lesions. This study reported the frequency of CVCT in cattle necropsied in Southern Brazil and described its clinical signs, as well as pathological findings. From a total of 1,976 postmortem examination reports in cattle in Southern Brazil, there were 30 cases (1.5%) of CVCT. In the clinical evaluation, the main clinical course was chronic (13/30), followed by peracute (7/30), acute (4/30), and subacute (5/30). Hemoptysis (17/30), dyspnea (8/30), and anorexia or hyporexia (7/30) were the most reported clinical signs. Septic thrombophlebitis of the caudal vena cava (24/30), hepatic abscesses (24/30), pulmonar hemorrhage (23/30), and embolic pneumonia (19/30) were the main lesions observed at the necropsy. We concluded that CVCT is a relevant cause of death in bovines from Santa Catarina state, mainly in adult dairy cows. The disease is characterized by a wide range of clinical signs and lesions, requiring attention from veterinarians for the correct diagnosis. Furthermore, the association between the clinical history, clinical signs, and lesions is essential for the diagnosis of CVCT in cattle.Hemoptise associada a sinais respiratórios são achados típicos de tromboembolismo da veia cava caudal (TVCC) em bovinos. Todavia, o TVCC pode estar acompanhado de um amplo espectro de sinais clínicos e lesões macroscópicas. Esse estudo tem por objetivo relatar a frequência do diagnóstico de TVCC em bovinos necropsiados no sul do Brasil e descrever os sinais clínicos, assim como achados patológicos dessa condição. De um total de 1.976 exames post-mortem realizados em bovinos no Sul do Brasil, 30 casos de TVCC foram diagnosticados (1,5%). No exame clínico, o principal curso clínico observado foi crônico (13/30), seguido do hiperagudo (7/30), agudo (4/30) e subagudo (5/30), em um caso o histórico clínico não foi fornecido. Hemoptise (17/30), dispneia (8/30) e anorexia ou hiporexia (7/30) foram os sinais clínicos mais comumente relatados. Tromboflebite séptica da veia cava caudal (24/30), abscessos hepáticos (24/30), hemorragia pulmonar (23/30) e pneumonia embólica (19/30) foram as principais lesões observadas na necropsia. Com esse trabalho conclui-se que TVCC é uma causa relevante de morte em bovinos no estado de Santa Catarina, principalmente em vacas leiteiras adultas. A doença é caracterizada por uma variedade de sinais clínicos e lesões, necessitando de atenção dos veterinários para o correto diagnóstico. Ainda, a associação entre o histórico clínico, sinais clínicos e lesões de necropsia é essencial para o diagnóstico de TVCC em bovinos

Caudal vena cava thrombosis in cattle in Southern Brazil: clinical and pathological aspects of 30 cases

ABSTRACT: Hemoptysis associated with respiratory disorders are some findings of caudal vena cava thrombosis (CVCT) in cattle. Nevertheless, CVCT may be accompanied by a broad spectrum of clinical signs and gross lesions. This study reported the frequency of CVCT in cattle necropsied in Southern Brazil and described its clinical signs, as well as pathological findings. From a total of 1,976 postmortem examination reports in cattle in Southern Brazil, there were 30 cases (1.5%) of CVCT. In the clinical evaluation, the main clinical course was chronic (13/30), followed by peracute (7/30), acute (4/30), and subacute (5/30). Hemoptysis (17/30), dyspnea (8/30), and anorexia or hyporexia (7/30) were the most reported clinical signs. Septic thrombophlebitis of the caudal vena cava (24/30), hepatic abscesses (24/30), pulmonary hemorrhage (23/30), and embolic pneumonia (19/30) were the main lesions observed at the necropsy. We concluded that CVCT is a relevant cause of death in bovines from Santa Catarina state, mainly in adult dairy cows. The disease is characterized by a wide range of clinical signs and lesions, requiring attention from veterinarians for the correct diagnosis. Furthermore, the association between the clinical history, clinical signs, and lesions is essential for the diagnosis of CVCT in cattle

Doenças diagnosticadas pelo Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária no decênio 2013-2022

This work presents the diagnoses issued by the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory at IFC Campus Concórdia between 2013 and 2022. The total number of reports issued in cattle was 2,162 diagnoses, 241 in sheep and 520 in pigs, totaling 2,923. Of these, 2,354 (80.5%) were through necropsies performed by the laboratory and 569 (19.5%) through fixed samples received from veterinarians. In cattle, the most common diseases were babesiosis (93 cases - 4.4%), clostridial myositis (82 cases - 3.9%), enzootic bovine leukosis (80 cases - 3.9%), hardware disease affecting the heart (70 cases - 3.3%), anaplasmosis (65 cases - 3.1%) and nitrate/nitrite poisoning (64 cases - 3.1%). Considering only bovine necropsies, in the ten years of LPV's operation, 1,769 animals were necropsied, reaching an average of 177 bovine necropsies per year. Of the total reports issued on cattle, necropsies represented 82% of diagnoses. Comparatively, the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Federal University of Pelotas holds an annual average of 166 cattle (necropsies and histopathology); and the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory at the Federal University of Santa Maria has an annual average of, combining necropsies and histopathology, 149 diagnoses. It should be noted that some of the most prevalent pathologies described here are possibly preventable and that veterinarians and farmers should invest in such approaches in order to reduce economic losses.Este artículo presenta los diagnósticos emitidos por el Laboratorio de Patología Veterinaria del IFC Campus Concórdia entre 2013 y 2022. El número total de reportes fue de 2.162 en bovinos, 241 en ovinos y 520 en porcinos, totalizando 2.923. De ellos, 2.354 (80,5%) fueron mediante necropsias realizadas por el laboratorio y 569 (19,5%) mediante muestras fijadas recibidas de médicos veterinarios. En el ganado bovino, las enfermedades más comunes fueron babesiosis (93 casos - 4,4%), miositis clostridial (82 casos - 3,9%), leucosis bovina enzoótica (80 casos - 3,9%), reticulopericarditis traumática (70 casos - 3,3%) , anaplasmosis (65 casos - 3,1%) e intoxicación por nitratos/nitritos (64 casos - 3,1%). Considerando únicamente las necropsias bovinas, en los diez años de funcionamiento de la LPV se realizaron necropsias a 1.769 vacunos, alcanzando un promedio de 177 necropsias bovinas por año. Del total de informes emitidos en bovinos, las necropsias representaron el 82% de los diagnósticos. Comparativamente, el Laboratorio Regional de Diagnóstico de la Universidad Federal de Pelotas alberga un promedio anual de 166 bovinos (necropsias e histopatología); y el Laboratorio de Patología Veterinaria de la Universidad Federal de Santa María tiene un promedio anual, combinando necropsias e histopatología, de 149 diagnósticos. Cabe señalar que algunas de las patologías más prevalentes descritas aquí posiblemente se puedan prevenir y que los veterinarios y los ganaderos deberían invertir en dichos enfoques para reducir las pérdidas económicas.Este trabalho apresenta a casuística de diagnósticos nos anos de 2013 a 2022 do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária do IFC Campus Concórdia. Foram 2.162 diagnósticos em bovinos, 241 em ovinos e 520  em suínos, totalizando 2.923. Destes, 2.354 (80,5%) foram através de necropsias e 569 (19,5%) através de amostras formolizadas enviadas por veterinários. Em bovinos as doenças mais incidentes foram babesiose (93 casos - 4,4%), miosite clostridial (82 casos - 3,9%), leucose enzoótica bovina (80 casos - 3,9%), retículo pericardite traumática (70 casos - 3,3%), anaplasmose (65 casos - 3,1%) e intoxicação por nitrato/nitrito (64 casos - 3,1%). Considerando apenas as necropsias de bovinos, nos dez anos de atuação do LPV, foram necropsiados 1.769 animais, alcançando média de 177 necropsias de bovinos por ano. Do total de laudos emitidos de bovinos, as necropsias representaram 82% dos diagnósticos. Comparativamente, o Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Universidade Federal de Pelotas detem uma uma média anual de 166 bovinos (necropsias e histopatológicos); e o Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria tem uma média anual de, combinando necropsias e histopatológicos, 149 diagnósticos. Salienta-se que algumas das enfermidades mais prevalentes aqui descritas são possivelmente preveníveis e, que os técnicos e produtores rurais deveriam investir em tais abordagens a fim de reduzir os prejuízos econômicos nas propriedades rurais.