Density Distribution of a Bose-Einstein Condensate of Photons in a Dye-Filled Microcavity

The achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation of photons (phBEC) in a dye-filled microcavity has led to a renewed interest in the density distribution of the ideal Bose gas in a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator. We present measurements of the radial profile of photons inside the microcavity below and above the critical point for phBEC with a good signal-to-noise ratio. We obtain a good agreement with theoretical profiles obtained using exact summation of eigenstates.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Density Distribution of a Bose-Einstein Condensate of Photons in a Dye-Filled Microcavity

The achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation of photons (phBEC) in a dye-filled microcavity has led to a renewed interest in the density distribution of the ideal Bose gas in a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator. We present measurements of the radial profile of photons inside the microcavity below and above the critical point for phBEC with a good signal-to-noise ratio. We obtain a good agreement with theoretical profiles obtained using exact summation of eigenstates.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Workplace learning a sensitive matter? Employees ideas on workplace leraning in the Netherlands

In this report the Dutch outcomes of a comparative study done by the research network ‘Competence Development as Workplace Learning’ of the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) Education and the Research Hub for Lifelong Learning are presented. The idea behind the study can be found on the website of the ASEMnetwork where the following questions have been formulated: 1. what do people interpret to be ‘voluntary’ and ‘compulsory’ with respect to workplace learning, 2. what does their company or organization offer in terms of formal and non-formal work-related learning, 3. which of these are ‘voluntary’ and which ‘compulsory’ and 4. how do objective opportunities and subjective perceptions influence employees' motivation to learn at work and their satisfaction with the learning they have undertaken

Efficacy and tolerability of intralesional bleomycin in dermatology: A systematic review

Bleomycin is widely used as an off-label treatment for various dermatologic indications. However, a much-needed critical appraisal of the currently available evidence is lacking. We therefore evaluated the quality of clinical evidence for the efficacy and safety of intralesional bleomycin treatment for dermatologic indications with the aim to provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice. The PubMed, Embase, Medline Ovid, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched. Two authors independently selected relevant studies according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. We assessed the methodologic quality with the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias assessment tool and selected 10 randomized clinical trials and 15 clinical controlled trials. Treatment indications included common warts, nonmelanoma skin cancer, cutaneous metastases, keloid and hypertrophic scars, and hemangioma. Intralesional bleomycin treatment showed significantly higher cure rates for warts compared with other treatments. Local adverse events included erythema, blackening, eschar formation, and superficial ulceration. None of the studies reported systemic adverse events. Methodologic quality of the studies was generally low. Consequently, no firm recommendations can be made for intralesional bleomycin treatment in clinical practice. However, this review suggests that intralesional bleomycin is a successful and well-tolerated treatment for recalcitrant warts

Whole breast and regional nodal irradiation in prone versus supine position in left sided breast cancer

Background: Prone whole breast irradiation (WBI) leads to reduced heart and lung doses in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy. In this feasibility trial, we investigated the prone position for whole breast + lymph node irradiation (WB + LNI). Methods: A new support device was developed for optimal target coverage, on which patients are positioned in a position resembling a phase from the crawl swimming technique (prone crawl position). Five left sided breast cancer patients were included and simulated in supine and prone position. For each patient, a treatment plan was made in prone and supine position for WB + LNI to the whole axilla and the unoperated part of the axilla. Patients served as their own controls for comparing dosimetry of target volumes and organs at risk (OAR) in prone versus in supine position. Results: Target volume coverage differed only slightly between prone and supine position. Doses were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in prone position for ipsilateral lung (Dmean, D2, V5, V10, V20, V30), contralateral lung (Dmean, D2), contralateral breast (Dmean, D2 and for total axillary WB + LNI also V5), thyroid (Dmean, D2, V5, V10, V20, V30), oesophagus (Dmean and for partial axillary WB + LNI also D2 and V5), skin (D2 and for partial axillary WB + LNI V105 and V107). There were no significant differences for heart and humeral head doses. Conclusions: Prone crawl position in WB + LNI allows for good breast and nodal target coverage with better sparing of ipsilateral lung, thyroid, contralateral breast, contralateral lung and oesophagus when compared to supine position. There is no difference in heart and humeral head doses