A pintura de Hélio Oiticica e a poesia de Ferreira Gullar em espaço de convergência: Neoconcretismo

O estudo propõe uma aproximação entre as obras do pintor Helio Oiticica e a poética de Ferreira Gullar. O artigo investe na comparação como elemento que estabelece a convergência entre artes visuais e literatura

Changes in insulin like growth factors, myostatin and vascular endothelial growth factor in rat musculus latissimus dorsi by poly 3-hydroxybutyrate implants

The present study aimed at researching the synergistic effect between an ectopic bone substitute and surrounding muscle tissue. To describe this effect, changes of insulin like growth factors (IGF1, IGF2), myostatin (GDF8) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA content of 12 Wistar-King rats musculus latissimus dorsi with implanted poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) scaffold were examined after 6 and 12 weeks. At each time interval six rats were killed and implants and surrounding tissues prepared for genetic evaluation. Eight rats without any implants served as controls. RNAwas extracted from homogenized muscle tissue and reverse transcribed. Changes in mRNA content were measured by Real-Time PCR using specific primers for IGF1, IGF2, GDF8 and VEGF. Comparing the level of VEGF mRNA in muscle after 6 and 12 weeks to the controls, we could assess a significant increase of VEGF gene expression (

A preliminary study in osteoinduction by a nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite in the mini pig.

To test the probable osteoinductive properties of NanoBone, a new highly non-sintered porous nano-crystalline hydroxylapatite bone substitute embedded into a silica gel matrix, granules were implanted subcutaneously and intramuscularly into the back region of 18 mini pigs. After periods of 5 and 10 weeks as well as 4 and 8 months, implantation sites were investigated using histological and histomorphometric procedures. Signs of early osteogenesis could already be detected after 5 weeks. The later periods were characterized by increasing membranous osteogenesis in and around the granules leading to the formation of bone-like structures showing periosteal and tendon-like structures with bone marrow and focal chondrogenesis. Bone formation was better in the subcutaneous than in the intramuscular implantation sites. This ectopic osteogenesis is discussed with regard to the nanoporosity and microporosity of the material, physico-chemical interactions at its surface, the differentiation of osteoblasts, the role of angiogenesis and the probable involvement of growth factors. The results of this preliminary study indicate that this biomaterial has osteoinductive potential and induces the formation of bone structures, mainly in subcutaneous adipose tissue in the pig

Common therapeutic approaches in sleep and awake bruxism — an overview

Bruxism, a common medical condition characterised by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible, can occur during sleep, when it is known as sleep bruxism (SB), or during wakefulness, when it is known as awake bruxism (AB). Although bruxism often causes headaches, temporomandibular joint pain, masticatory muscle pain, mechanical tooth wear, prosthodontic complications and cracked teeth, there is still not enough data to define and support a standardised approach to its treatment. The aim of this review was to present the pathophysiology, consequences, types and treatment methods of bruxism in order to increase readers’ knowledge of this topic. Differences between awake and nocturnal bruxism are included, as well as risk factors and indicators visible during the clinical examination of affected patients. Among the causes we consider are genetics, stress, oral parafunctions and changes in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Potential and common methods of treatment are presented, along with suggested guidelines that should be followed when determining an appropriate treatment method. We draw attention to the notably dynamic development of bruxism in today’s society and the importance of informational and preventive projects, especially those targeted at high-risk patients as well as those targeted at specialists, in order to better tackle the bruxism ‘epidemic’

Artifacts In Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography Caused By Dental Materials

BACKGROUND: Artifacts caused by dental restorations, such as dental crowns, dental fillings and orthodontic appliances, are a common problem in MRI and CT scans of the head and neck. The aim of this in-vitro study was to identify and evaluate the artifacts produced by different dental restoration materials in CT and MRI images. METHODS: Test samples of 44 materials (Metal and Non-Metal) commonly used in dental restorations were fabricated and embedded with reference specimens in gelatin moulds. MRI imaging of 1.5T and CT scan were performed on the samples and evaluated in two dimensions. Artifact size and distortions were measured using a digital image analysis software. RESULTS: In MRI, 13 out of 44 materials produced artifacts, while in CT 41 out of 44 materials showed artifacts. Artifacts produced in both MRI and CT images were categorized according to the size of the artifact. SIGNIFICANCE: Metal based restoration materials had strong influence on CT and less artifacts in MRI images. Rare earth elements such as Ytterbium trifluoride found in composites caused artifacts in both MRI and CT. Recognizing these findings would help dental materials manufacturers and developers to produce materials which can cause less artifacts in MRI and CT images

Untersuchung der Genaktivität im Kiefergelenkknorpel des Schweins (Sus scrofa domesticus) nach Vorverlagerung des Unterkiefers

Das Kiefergelenk ist integraler Bestandteil des stomatognathen Systems und besitzt umfangreiche Adaptionsmöglichkeiten auf Änderungen funktioneller und struktureller Art. Die Fragestellung dieser Studie war daher, die Auswirkung experimentell veränderter Okklusion auf den Knorpel im posterokranialen Bereich des Condylus mandibulae nach Vorverlagerung des Unterkiefers zu untersuchen. 20 Schweine wurden randomisiert in eine Untersuchungsgruppe und eine Kontrollgruppe á 10 Tiere aufgeteilt. Bei der Untersuchungsgruppe erfolgte eine definierte iatrogene Mandibulavorverlagerung in sagittaler Richtung mittels Kunststoffaufbissen für 4 Wochen. Sechs für den Knorpelmetabolismus relevante Gene wurden ausgewählt (Coll1, Coll2, Coll10, MMP8, MMP13, VEGF) und einer Expressionsanalyse mittels RT-PCR unterzogen. Eine differenzielle Regulation der Genexpression im posterokranialen Condylarknorpel konnte nachgewiesen werden. Coll-10 wurde signifikant geringer (p<0.05), während Coll-2, MMP-8 und VEGF signifikant erhöht exprimiert wurden (p<0,05). Coll-1 und MMP-13 zeigten einen leichten jedoch nicht signifikanten Anstieg. Die untersuchten Gene stehen in nachgewiesenem Zusammenhang mit Wachstumsprozessen und Gewebedifferenzierung, so dass sicherlich vermutet werden kann, dass am wachsenden Organismus der Effekt einer funktionskieferorthopädischen Therapie nicht rein passiv adaptiv, sondern auch wachstumsbeeinflussend sein kann. Obgleich die Interpretation der Ergebnisse angesichts der noch nicht abschließend aufgeklärten Funktion der exprimierten Gene vorsichtig erfolgt, kann dennoch ein induzierter geregelter Remodelling-Prozeß im posterokranialen Bereich des Kondylarknorpels vermutet werden, der bereits in zahlreichen histologischen und histomorphometrischen Studien Erwähnung findet.Adaptive remodelling of the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) in response to mandibular protrusion constitutes the rationale orthodontics forward displacement appliances to solicit growth modification. By investigating the expression of collagen (coll-1, coll-2, coll-10), matrix metalloproteinases (mmp-8, mmp-13) and vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf), this study was designed to prove modification of condylar cartilage during its adaptive remodelling and compare it with that under natural condylar growth. Twenty pigs (sus scrofa domesticus), 10 weeks of age, were randomly allotted to two experimental groups, where condylar adaptation was created by forward repositioning of the mandible, and one control group where the condyles underwent natural growth. The trial was continued for 4 weeks. RNA was extracted from analysed tissues and reverse transcribed. Changes in mRNA content were measured by Real-Time PCR using specific primers. The temporal pattern of the expression of coll-1 and mmp-13 during condilar adaptation coincided with that during natural condylar growth. The amount of the expression of coll-10 during condylar adaptation was significantly lower (p<0,05), whereas the expression of coll-2, mmp-8 and vegf significantly higher than that during natural growth (p<0,05). It is suggested that condylar adaptation in growing pigs triggered by mandibular forward positioning is not only a passive adaptive but also growth affected effect. Results showed that mechanical strain produced by mandibular advancement induced remodelling and revascularization in the posteriocranial mandibular condyle. These results prove the former published histological and histomorphometrical analyses regarding condylar cartilage