Physics and Metaphysics of Deterrence

The principal findings of this study are that Great Britain\u27s search for an independent nuclear deterrent was waged with a purposeful dedication that wedded highly effective statecraft and brilliant, innovative nuclear engineering to produce a strategic nuclear deterrent that remained under her sovereign control. Because Britain\u27s efforts in this area were so often achieved in the face of United States\u27 opposition, Britain\u27s subsequent utilization of her deterrent capability as an instrument to secure American support, notwithstanding that opposition, ought to be considered an example of successful policy management. The product of this effort has been the Anglo-American special relation-ship in nuclear weapons.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/usnwc-newport-papers/1007/thumbnail.jp

GREAT BRIT. CENTRAL OFFICE of I. - GREAT BRIT. COUNCIL on TRIBUNALS

OnLine Card Catalogue drawer 0156 (GREAT BRIT. CENTRAL OFFICE of I. - GREAT BRIT. COUNCIL on TRIBUNALS). 1328 cards

Feed grain imports and feed grain prices in importing countries

The effects of several variables on the feed grain sector of six importing countries were investigated in this study. The six countries were Greece, Israel, Japan, Portugal, Spain, and the United Kingdom. A simultaneous model with six equations was used to explain the domestic price of feed grains in the importing country and the quantity of feed grains imported by the country. Other endogeneous variables in the model were the price of livestock, the production of livestock products, the demand for livestock products, and the size of the livestock inventory in the importing country. The simultaneous model for each importing country allows the government of the importing country to control the domestic price of feed grains through the government’s manipulation of trade barriers for feed grains. Because of the existence of trade barriers, the domestic price of feed grains is allowed to differ from the cost of importing feed grains. The cost of importing feed grains incorporates ocean transportation costs and the exchange rate of the importing country

Growing World Trade: Causes and Consequences

macroeconomics, world trade

An evaluation of the rôles of botanic gardens in recreation and conservation

PhD Thesistheir ownership and financial status is diverse. Most are funded and managed through Universities though some are run by National or Local Government or by charitable or private organizations. Whilst they share a number of characteristics they are diverse in location, aims, objectives and facilities provided. As a consequence of changing economic and social conditions there is growing financial pressure such that a number have closed in the last decade and several are threatened with closure. The research sets out to evaluate the overall costs and benefits of botanic gardens. Their financial costs and revenues are analysed and compared with the costs of managing other urban green space. It is shown that the labour intensive nature of botanic gardens makes them much more expensive to run than Local Authority grounds. The role of botanic gardens in research and higher education is examined by literature review, analysis of published data and interviews with directors and others and shows that the gardens role in education and research is much less than formerly and that current botanical research relies on the gardens only to a small extent. Their current role in the conservation of biodiversity is evaluated. It is shown that, while they have a role in conservation education, with current funding, species conservation on any meaningful scale, could not realistically be accomplished. Their value in public recreation is examined. A cluster analysis of 48 botanic gardens in the UK is used to select a representative sample of four gardens; Edinburgh, Cambridge, Westonbirt and Sheffield, for detailed study. The travel cost method of valuation is used to show that, while recreation benefits are real and previously uncalculated, the sums are much less than the running costs of the gardens. The interests and attitudes of visitors are examined and show that the gardens are of great social value to particular groups. Finally, the diverse benefits of botanic gardens are contrasted with the pressures which are leading to a re—examination of their value and a case argued for a more coherent policy and an enlightened unified organization which will take account of the varied uses of botanic gardens and ensure that all current and future user groups are represented when funding is allocated

A guide to a course in government documents

Bibliography: p. 34-35