The primary culture and subculture of kidney-derived cells of the bony lip barb fish (Osteochilus vittatus) using different concentrations of serum

Cell and tissue culture have advanced and developed in a short time yet continuous improvement needs to be conducted for better results. This research was conducted to obtain suitable culture conditions of kidney-derived cell culture from bony lip barb kidney (Osteochilus vittatus). The development of primary cell culture from the kidney fragments was performed in a cell culture medium composed of DMEM supplemented with various concentrations (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) of Fetal Bovine Serum, Penicillin-Streptomycin, and 2Mm L-Glutamine, and incubated at 29°C with 0.8% CO2. The results showed that the primary cell culture achieved confluence on day four and subsequently subcultured. The addition of 10% serum increased cell density and cell survival. The cell morphological evaluation using a phase-contrast microscope showed two dominant cell types for both primary and subcultures, i.e. erythrocytes and small-rounded cells. The highest cell yield was obtained with the addition of 10% serum concentration with Population Doubling Time (PDT) and Population Doubling Level (PDL) for 69 h 23 min and 0.47 times, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that serum addition significantly increased cell density of the primary culture (p<0.05). A better proportion of serum supplementation to culturing success is essential to establish an auspicious cell line

Amylase activity in various digestive organs and blood urea levels of Osphronemus gouramy with Chlorella vulgaris feed supplementation and reared in different system

Osphronemus gouramy is a potential Indonesian fish that needs to be supported by good nutritional feed and water quality in a culture system. The research on the effect of combining Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) supplementation with culture systems of biofloc and non-biofloc in gourami fish on amylase activity and blood urea level has not been conducted. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of C. vulgaris supplementation with different culture systems on the amylase activity of various digestive organs and blood urea levels. It obtains the best C. vulgaris supplementation feed combination to increase the amylase activity of various digestive organs and reduce blood urea levels. This research was carried out experimentally with a Factorial Completely Randomized Design consisting of two factors. Furthermore, gourami was fed with C. vulgaris levels of 0, 2, 3, 4, and 5 g kg-1 for 28 days and divided into biofloc and non-biofloc groups of culture systems. The amylase activity was measured at three pH buffers, and blood urea levels were analyzed using a urea kit. The results showed that amylase activity increased when supplemented with C. vulgaris 5 g kg-1 feed using the biofloc system, while blood urea levels decreased. C. vulgaris supplementation and biofloc system are alternative solutions to improving nutrition and water quality

Germ Cells and Gonadal Development in a Teleost, Osteochilus vittatus (Valenciennes, 1842) Exposed to Potassium Dichromate

Potassium dichromate, K2Cr2O7, is a well-known heavy metal, commonly used as an oxidizing and tanning agent in industrial applications. Prolonged or repeated exposure of hexavalent chromium is deemed very toxic for aquatic biota, with long lasting effect. This substance induce damage to DNA and tissue structures, as well as disruption of survival and growth rate. The present research exposed Osteochilus vittatus in larval and juvenile stages, to varying concentration of K2Cr2O7. This experiment was aimed to evaluate the effect of chromium on primordial germ cells (PGCs) and subsequently, to the subject gonadal development. The evaluation was based on paraffin-embedded section, stained with Haematoxylin-Eosin. K2Cr2O7 of 2.5 and 5 ppm were applied to four crucial developmental stages; post-hatching larvae, 1-month, 2-months, and 3-months juvenile, for 30 days. There was a consistent pattern in all test subject, in which higher concentration of K2Cr2O7 resulted in lower PGCs number and delayed gonadal appearance. Our results suggested that sublethal Cr exposure to larval stage potentially decrease PGCs and thus, hinder the formation of gonad. Regulation of Cr-containing waste disposal should be issued in near future, to prevent further damage on local freshwater fish. Keywords: Chromium, Cyprinids, Juvenile, Larvae, PG

PERFORMA REPRODUKSI IKAN NILEM (Osteochilus hasselti C.V.) BETINA TERPAPAR MEDIA MENGANDUNG K2Cr2O7 SEBAGAI ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR AGENT

Heavy metals can generally act as EDCs. Likewise chromium hexavalent may serve as a Endocrine Disrupter, especially the fish reproductive system. This study aims to determine the effect of chromium hexavalent on estradiol content, ovarian development and liver of nilem female (Osteochilus hasselti C.V.), the researchers also want to see the dose of chromium hexavalent most influential on estradiol levels, ovarian development, and liver of nilem fish (Osteochilus hasselti C.V.) as well as the interaction between reproduction parameters with water quality of maintenance media of nilem fish (Osteochilus hasselti C.V.).This study uses the method of "quantitative experimental". The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design with treatment of chromium hexavalent dose of 0, 0.009, 0.018, 0.027 and 0.036 mg/L performed in 5 replications at 3 stages, ie 1st, 2nd, and 3th months post-spawning maintenance. At 1st month of maintenance, chromium hexavalent did not significantly affect the reproductive parameters of GSI (Gonadosomatic Index), fecundity, HSI and estradiol. The chromium hexavalent had no significant effect on GSI, fecundity and estradiol and significantly affected HSI at 2nd months of maintenance. Chromium hexavalent significantly affected GSI, fecundity, HSI and estradiol in a 3th month maintenance trial

PERBEDAAN DOSIS ALUMINIUM SULFAT (TAWAS) TERHADAP KUALITAS SPERMATOZOA DAN KADAR ALUMINIUM DALAM TESTIS MENCIT (Mus Musculus) SWISS WEBSTER

This study designated to evaluate the quality of reproductive organs system in the form of testicular weight, testicular volume and weight of epididymis; quality of spermatozoa include concentration, viability, motility, and morphology of spermatozoa; and aluminum accumulation in mice testis after administration of different aluminum sulfate dose, i.e., 0, 122,5, 245 and 490 mg/kg bb for 45 days were orally administrated using feeding tube through oral route for 45 days. The next objective is to evaluate the correlation between the doses of aluminum sulfate with each variable, as well as to assess the most influential doses of aluminum sulfate in reducing testicular weight and volume, epididymal weight, concentration, viability, motility, and morphology of cauda epididymal spermatozoa and increasing aluminum levels in testes Mice. The results showed that aluminum sulfate did not significantly (p>0.05) decrease testicular weight, testicular volume, epididymal weight, concentration and viability of spermatozoa, but significantly (p<0.05) decreased spermatozoa motility at doses of 245 and 490 mg/kg bb and reduce the proportion of spermatozoa with normal morphology at 490 mg/kg BW. The decrease of motility and percentage of spermatozoa with normal morphology is inversely proportional to the dose of aluminum sulfate each with the value of r = -0.034 and r = -457. Administration of aluminum sulfate for 45 days did not increase aluminum levels in the testes of mice. The use of aluminum sulfate in food processing or drinking water is still safe for human reproductive health