Hierarchical Menu Structures As Teaching/Learning Environments

Student-centered learning requires innovative pedagogical approaches for presenting ideas and materials that challenge learners to expand their depth of understanding. Hierarchical menu structures provide a self-contained pedagogical framework for focusing student attention on the subject matter of a course. Students can identify, clarify, and expand the course content quite easily within this frame of reference. The key to this approach is providing the student with a web interface that keeps them in the course environment as they navigate the specific lectures, assignments and projects. &nbsp

Executive Compensation and Managerial Motivations in Bank Holding Companies

Duane B. Graddy is Professor of Economics and Finance at Middle Tennessee State University

Holding Company Presence and Changes in Deposit Concentration in Local Banking Markets

Duane B. Graddy is an Associate Professor of Economics and Finance at Middle Tennessee State University

Systemic Skewness and the Return Behavior of Common Stocks

Duane B. Graddy is Professor of Finance in the Department of Economics and Finance at Middle Tennessee State University . Ghasem Homaifar is an Associate Professor of Finance in the Department of Economics and Finance at Middle Tennessee State University

GENDER AND ONLINE DISCOURSE IN THE PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS

Collaboration is the heart of online learning. Interaction among course participants brings excitement to the online environment and creates knowledge as a group activity. Impediments to active collaboration reduce group, as well as individual, potentialities. Past studies of online discussions have found differences in the style of female and male conversations that could impede the learning process. The conversational styles of female and male students in two online principles of economics classes were analyzed in the present study. The null hypothesis posited no difference in the styles of online discourse between female and male students. The null hypothesis was rejected, implying gender differences in conversational styles. The tone of male postings was more optimistic than the tone of female postings. Female conversations used words revealing social isolation and the rejection of social norms. The paper also discussed the issue of the male X-factor in the principles of economics from a sociolinguistic perspective

APT and Bank Holding Company Stock Returns

Adi S. Kama is Professor of Finance in the Department of Economics and Finance at Indiana University-Purdue University at Fort Wayne. Ghassem Homaifar is an Assistant Professor of Finance in the Department of Economics and Finance at Middle Tennessee State University. Duane B. Graddy is Professor of Finance in the Department of Economics and Finance at Middle Tennessee State University

Cognitive Flexibility Hypertext as a Learning Environment in Economics: A Pedagogical Note

Instructional design in complex subjects requires the application of a sophisticated theory of cognition.* Instructional techniques and strategies that work at the knowledge and comprehension stages of cognitive development may actually inhibit learning at more advanced levels. Evaluation and synthesis require a different cognitive paradigm. The theory of cognitive flexibility is a case-based approach for the development of upper-level cognitive skills, particularly the ability to transfer knowledge to novel situations. This paper applies the theory of cognitive flexibility to instructional design in economics. An example from monetary economics illustrates the adaptation of cognitive flexibility hypertext to a knowledge management interface