Die Idee dahinter ... : Aspekte zur Gestaltung lernreicher Lehre

Der Band umfasst zahlreiche Beispiele von Lehrenden, die ihre Veranstaltungen in mehreren Aspekten ‚lernreich(er)’ gestaltet haben. Die Konzepte wurden alle im Rahmen des Vertiefungsmoduls des Programms „Professionelle Lehrkompetenz für die Hochschule“ des Netzwerks "hochschuldidaktik nrw" an der Universität Siegen entwickelt oder weiterentwickelt. Die elf Beiträge umfassen ein breites Spektrum an Veranstaltungsformaten und Fächern: Natur- und Ingenieurwissenschaften sind ebenso vertreten wie Architektur, Pädagogik, Soziale Arbeit und Literaturwissenschaft. Bei den Veranstaltungen handelt es sich um Praktika, Seminare, Übungen usw., oft mit Projektcharakter bzw. -elementen, häufig auch mit wechselnden Lernorten, semester-begleitend oder kompakt

Age at onset as stratifier in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease – effect of ageing and polygenic risk score on clinical phenotypes

Several phenotypic differences observed in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients have been linked to age at onset (AAO). We endeavoured to find out whether these differences are due to the ageing process itself by using a combined dataset of idiopathic PD (n = 430) and healthy controls (HC; n = 556) excluding carriers of known PD-linked genetic mutations in both groups. We found several significant effects of AAO on motor and non-motor symptoms in PD, but when comparing the effects of age on these symptoms with HC (using age at assessment, AAA), only positive associations of AAA with burden of motor symptoms and cognitive impairment were significantly different between PD vs HC. Furthermore, we explored a potential effect of polygenic risk score (PRS) on clinical phenotype and identified a significant inverse correlation of AAO and PRS in PD. No significant association between PRS and severity of clinical symptoms was found. We conclude that the observed non-motor phenotypic differences in PD based on AAO are largely driven by the ageing process itself and not by a specific profile of neurodegeneration linked to AAO in the idiopathic PD patients

Der Einsatz von Virtueller Realität in der Psychotherapeutischen Praxis: Aktueller Forschungsstand, Chancen, Risiken und Herausforderungen

<jats:title>Zusammenfassung</jats:title><jats:p>In den letzten Jahren sind durch die Fortschritte der Digitalisierung neue psychotherapeutische Behandlungsmöglichkeiten und Unterstützungsangebote entstanden. Während sich bestimmte Innovationen wie die Videotherapie im letzten Jahr stark verbreitet haben, sind andere Formate wie z. B. Psychotherapieanwendungen in der Virtuellen Realität (VR) zwar sehr gut wissenschaftlich untersucht, aber dennoch kaum in die (tägliche) Praxis implementiert worden.</jats:p><jats:p>Der folgende Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den aktuellen Forschungsstand zum Einsatz von VR im Kontext Psychotherapie. Hierbei wird auf zwei wichtige (kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutische) Interventionsmethoden fokussiert, bei denen VR oft eingesetzt und untersucht wurde: (1) Behaviorale Exposition bei Angsterkrankungen und (2) Modifikation von Informationsverarbeitungsprozessen (Cognitive Bias Modification, CBM). Es werden aktuelle Studien zur Wirksamkeit sowie weitere aktuelle Ergebnisse zur Nutzung und dem Einsatz diskutiert. Weiterhin beschreibt der Artikel die grundsätzliche Nutzung der Virtuellen Realität und definiert wichtige Begriffe und Anwendungen.</jats:p&gt

System integration - the bridge between more than moore and more moore

System Integration using 3D technology is a very promising way to cope with current and future requirements for electronic systems. Since the pure shrinking of devices (known as 'More Moore') will come to an end due to physical and economic restrictions, the integration of systems (e.g. by stacking dies, or by adding sensor functions) shows a way to maintain the growth in complexity as well as in diversity which is necessary for future applications. This so called 'More than Moore' approach complements the conventional SoC product engineering. This paper gives insights in System Integration design challenges from different perspectives, ranging from design technology over MEMS product engineering and 3D interconnect to automotive cyber physical systems

Retraining automatic action tendencies for smoking using mobile phone-based approach-avoidance bias training: a study protocol for a randomized controlled study

Finanziert aus dem DFG-geförderten Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Universität Siegen für ZeitschriftenartikelBackground Automatic tendencies to approach drug-related cues have been linked to the development and maintainance of harmful drug-taking behavior. Recent studies have demonstrated that these automatic approach tendencies can be targeted directly by means of cognitive bias modification (CBM). Moreover, changing those approach tendencies may enhance treatment outcomes. However, training and therapy effects tend to be rather small and adherence to the training might be impaired by time-consuming multiple laboratory training sessions. Here, we present a protocol for a randomized controlled design to improve CBM training efficiency and facilitate access to the training by providing mobile-phone-based training sessions at home to current smokers motivated to quit smoking. Methods Participants (n = 100) are current smokers who smoke at least six cigarettes per day for at least 6 months and are willing to quit smoking. All participants attend a brief behavioral smoking cessation intervention (TAU) and are randomly assigned either to an experimental (TAU + training) or a control group. Participants in the experimental condition are given access to a training application (app) aimed at retraining automatic approach biases for smoking cues. Participants are instructed to perform the app training outside the laboratory context on a daily basis for 14 consecutive days. Participants in the control group do not receive the training. Primary outcome measures are changes in smoking-related approach biases and reductions in daily nicotine consumption as assessed at baseline, post-training and at 6-week follow up. Secondary outcome measures include approach biases for alternative stimuli or smoking stimuli to which participants were not exposed during training, attentional and association biases, biochemical outcomes, and self-reported smoking behavior, also measured at three different time points (baseline, post-training, and follow up). After completion of the study, smokers in the control condition will receive access to the training app. Discussion This randomized controlled trial is the first to test the effectiveness of an app-based CBM intervention as an adjunct to a brief smoking cessation intervention in smokers motivated to quit smoking. The results of this study can inform future research in the optimization and advancement of CBM treatment for addiction

Education as Risk Factor of Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Link to the Gut Microbiome

peer reviewedBackground: With differences apparent in the gut microbiome in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, and risk factors of dementia linked to alterations of the gut microbiome, the question remains if gut microbiome characteristics may mediate associations of education with MCI. Objectives: We sought to examine potential mediation of the association of education and MCI by gut microbiome diversity or composition. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Luxembourg, the Greater Region (surrounding areas in Belgium, France, Germany). Participants: Control participants of the Luxembourg Parkinson’s Study. Measurements: Gut microbiome composition, ascertained with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Differential abundance, assessed across education groups (0–10, 11–16, 16+ years of education). Alpha diversity (Chao1, Shannon and inverse Simpson indices). Mediation analysis with effect decomposition was conducted with education as exposure, MCI as outcome and gut microbiome metrics as mediators. Results: After exclusion of participants below 50, or with missing data, n=258 participants (n=58 MCI) were included (M [SD] Age=64.6 [8.3] years). Higher education (16+ years) was associated with MCI (Odds ratio natural direct effect=0.35 [95% CI 0.15–0.81]. Streptococcus and Lachnospiraceae-UCG-001 genera were more abundant in higher education. Conclusions: Education is associated with gut microbiome composition and MCI risk without clear evidence for mediation. However, our results suggest signatures of the gut microbiome that have been identified previously in AD and MCI to be reflected in lower education and suggest education as important covariate in microbiome studies.MCI-BIOME_20193. Good health and well-bein