Predicting Student Well-Being: Network Analysis Based on PISA 2018

The authors would like to acknowledge Jia He and Eduardo Fonseca for providing excellent materials and valuable advice in network modelling.The latest trends in research extend the focus of school effectiveness beyond students’ acquisition of knowledge and skills, looking at aspects such as well-being in the academic context. Although the concept of well-being itself has been defined and measured in various ways, neither its dimensions nor the relationships between the components have been clearly described. The aim of the present study was to analyse how the elements of well-being interact and determine how they are influenced by school factors. To do that, we conducted a network analysis based on data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018 international assessment. Our results demonstrated that cognitive, psychological, and social well-being variables form a solid welfare construct in the educational context, where students’ resilience and fear of failure, along with their sense of belonging, play central roles. Although the influence of school factors on student well-being is generally low, teaching enthusiasm and support promote positive school climates which are, in turn, crucial in reducing bullying

Clarifier with built-in prefilter for water treatment

Natural water sources in the Northern, Northwestern and other regions of Russia are characterized by increased color, the presence of organic pollutants of natural and anthropogenic origin, as well as often high bacterial contamination. The use in practice of a technological scheme with preliminary chlorination and purification of low-turbid colored waters in clarifiers with suspended sediment and filters during periods of low alkalinity and temperature is not always justified. The consequence is a decrease in the barrier role of structures for organochlorine contamination and residual aluminum. The intensification of the water purification process in clarifiers is achieved by adjusting the reagent treatment mode, artificially increasing the turbidity index of water, the device of flocculation chambers, thin-layer modules or sludge recirculators in the working chamber, as well as the device of a prefilter with floating loading. The description of an experimental stand simulating the operation of an industrial water supply station, parameters and operating modes of a clarifier model with a built-in prefilter is given. The experiments were carried out in different periods of the year on real water with permanganate oxidizability up to 22.3 mg/l, chromaticity – 55-81 degrees, turbidity – 2.8-25.6 FTU, pH from 7.52 to 8.04 and alkalinity 1.5-4.6 mg-eq/L. The results of the study showed that the device of a prefilter with a layer thickness of no more than 0.5 m from polystyrene granules at filtration rates from 1.2 to 1.7 m / h reduces turbidity to 7.9 FTU, chromaticity to 14.5 deg., and permanganate oxidizability by 5.4 mg/l, compared with a single clarifier. At the same time, the load on the second stage structures is reduced and the normative value of residual aluminum in drinking water is ensured.load on the second stage structures is reduced and the normative value of residual aluminum in drinking water is ensured

Human capital — a key factor of the Arctic economic development

The article deals with the demographic, social and economic situation in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Its demographic trends, main indicators of the economic and social development, the situation in the labor market, as well as providing the population with the necessary training and healthcare are studied. The central role in solving the complex problems of the Russian Arctic revival be-longs to the workforce as it is the main factor of the current economic growth

Special Features of Chemical and Mineralogical Composition and Technological Properties of High-ferriferous Wocheinite

This paper presents the comprehensive study findings of the high-ferriferous wocheinite (a bauxite variety) of Timan deposit to evaluate the possibility of its application in the aluminosilicate ceramics production. The study was carried out by chemical, X-ray phase and thermal analysis on two samples before and after calcination. According to the obtained data, investigated material is of practical interest as a hardening and mineralizing additive to produce high-strength aluminosilicate ceramics. The strength improving ceramic structures, based on clay and bauxite raw materials mixture, is possible due to the binding of silica, which is released from the structure of kaolinite by aluminum oxide as a product of boehmite and hydrargillite dehydration to the secondary mullite

РОЛЬ СУКЦИНАТОВ ПРИ КРИТИЧЕСКИХ СОСТОЯНИЯХ

The literature review reflects the present view of pathological mechanisms for mitochondrial dysfunction in hypoxia during critical conditions. It notes the role of succinates in the development of mitochondrial dysfunction, further organdisorders, and multiple organ dysfunctions in different diseases during emergency hypoxia adaptation only due to the mobilization of energy resources: their centralization, intensified carbohydrate, fat, and protein catabolism, as well as to suppressed anabolic processes in tissues. The mechanism of emergency adaptation to hypoxia during critical conditions develops with a characteristic decrease in the amount of succinate (as a substrate for the enzyme), which enables the correction of its deficiency with the promising increase of oxygen consumption, the activation of aerobic oxygenation processes, and the reduction of intracellular aerobic metabolic processes.В обзоре литературы отражен современный взгляд на патофизиологические механизмы развития митохондриальной дисфункции при гипоксии критических состояний. Отмечена роль сукцинатов в развитии митохондриальной дисфункции, последующих органных расстройств и полиорганной недостаточности при различной патологии в период срочной адаптации к гипоксии, которая осуществляется за счет мобилизации энергоресурсов: их централизации, интенсификации катаболизма углеводов, жиров и белков, а также подавления анаболических процессов в тканях. Механизм срочной адаптации к гипоксии при критических состояниях развивается с характерным уменьшением количества сукцината (субстрата для фермента), что позволяет проводить коррекцию его дефицита с перспективой увеличения потребления кислорода, активации процессов аэробного окисления и восстановления процессов внутриклеточного аэробного метаболизма

Influence of Stony Rocks Additives on Strengthening of Aluminosilicate Ceramics from Fusible Clays

The paper presents the results of the research, connected with the granulometric and mineralogical compositions of fusible clay raw materials of Krasnoyarsk region - argillic and loose clay varieties. The influence of granitoid and diabase rocks stony additives on the sinterability and strength characteristics of the ceramic materials based on fusible clays is evaluated. It is found that the introduction of sintering additives into the loose fusible clay leads to the significant increase of samples strength - 50-100 MPa, while the introduction of the similar additives in the argillic clay does not influence positively on samples strength

Features of chemical-mineralogical composition and processing properties for medium-ferrous bauxites

The features of chemical-mineralogical composition and processing properties of bauxites from Iksinsk and Severoonezhsk deposits are investigated in the paper. It is found that the studied bauxites are coarsely dispersed and low-dispersive, high-alumina clay raw materials with a high content of colouring oxides. According to their mineralogical composition, Iksinsk and Severoonezhsk bauxites are boehmitehydrargillite-kaolinite clay bauxites. Moreover, Iksinsk bauxite samples are characterized by the total absence of quartz impurities. The samples of plastic molding based on Iksinsk bauxites are fully sintered at 1500 °С with the formation of strong structures with a compressive strength of 70- 120 MPa (depending on the variety of bauxites). The samples based on Severoonezhsk bauxites are fully sintered at 1450 °С, and they are characterized by a compressive strength to 70 MPa in the sintered state

Инновационное предпринимательство: российские и международные особенности развития

The article analyzes the importance of innovative entrepreneurship in the economic development of advanced countries, and studies the reasons causing innovative entrepreneurship emergence and formation. Special attention is paid to the support of innovative entrepreneurship by the state. The authors consider various organizational models of innovative entrepreneurship and give the characteristic of diverse forms of innovative business, which differ by sources of financing, the range of innovative activity, as well as the level and degree of interaction with large business. The article establishes the modern value and place of innovative entrepreneurship in the economies of different countries.El artículo analiza la importancia del emprendimiento innovador en el desarrollo económico de los países avanzados, y estudia las razones que causan el surgimiento y la formación del emprendimiento innovador. Se presta especial atención al apoyo del emprendimiento innovador por parte del estado. Los autores consideran varios modelos organizacionales de emprendimiento innovador y dan la característica de diversas formas de negocios innovadores, que difieren según las fuentes de financiamiento, el rango de actividad innovadora, así como el nivel y grado de interacción con las grandes empresas. El artículo establece el valor moderno y el lugar del emprendimiento innovador en las economías de diferentes países.В статье рассматривается роль инновационной деятельности предпринимательства в экономике высокоразвитых стран. Исследуются причины возникновения и развития инновационного предпринимательства. Особое внимание обращается на государственную поддержку инновационного бизнеса. Проанализированы модели организации инновационного бизнеса. Рассмотрены различные организационно-экономические и институционально-правовые формы, которые приобретает инновационное предпринимательство в зависимости от масштабов научно-технической деятельности, источников ее финансирования, характера взаимодействия с бизнес-структурами крупного бизнеса. Определены современная роль и место инновационных компаний в национальных экономиках стран