Citizen science to improve patient and public involvement in GUideline Implementation in oral health and DEntistry (the GUIDE platform)

Research Funding Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund at the University of Aberdeen Chief Scientist's Office of the Scottish Government's Health and Social Care Directorates ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to thank all citizens who joined and engaged with the GUIDE platform for their time, ideas and enthusiasm. We would like to thank NHS Education of Scotland for supporting the project. The GUIDE project was funded by the Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund at the University of Aberdeen. The Health Services Research Unit is funded by the Chief Scientist's Office of the Scottish Government's Health and Social Care Directorates.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Review of Privade Provided Public Goods Literature

The intention is to do a summary of the private provision of public goods literature; it also has the goal of seeing that there is no match between the classic theory predictions and the reality and empirical data. Another objective is to find within the literature aspects not studied yet, and so indicate future research topicsPublic Goods

“The power imbalance was blown out the window”: : developing and implementing creative workshops to enhance communication of statistics in patient and public involvement in clinical trials

Acknowledgements We would like to thank workshop attendees: Sian Bevan, Richard Caie, Robert Cain, Graeme Clark, Suzie Cro, Heather Doran, Peter Flockhart, Sarah Gallagher, Sophie Greenwood, Brennan Kahan, Lynn Laidlaw, Carrol Lamouline, Sarah Markham, Marie McDevitt, Jen McGregor, David Mclernon, Tim Morris, Akshaykumar Patel, Linda Parton, Craig Ramsay, Kara-Louise Royle, Irene Soulsby, Nikki Totton, Irene Soulsby, Derek Stewart, Lisa Wilson, Roger Wilson. We would also like to thank Chris Redford at Nifty Fox for his visual work in the final workshop Funding This project was funded by the Institutional Support Seed Funding from the Wellcome Trust at the University of Aberdeen and the MRC/NIHR Trials Methodology Research Partnership grant TMRP/WG 12.Peer reviewe

Intergenerational transmission of non-communicable chronic diseases

We introduce a theoretical framework that contributes to the understanding of non-communicable chronic diseases' (NCDs) epidemics: even if NCDs are non-infectious diseases, they may spread due to the social transmission of unhealthy activities such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and smoking. In particular, we study the intergener- ational dimension of this mechanism. We find that, due to the social transmission of NCDs, agents choose lower health conditions and higher unhealthy activities than what is socially optimal. Taxes on unhealthy activities, that may subsidize health investments, can be used to restore the social optimum. Finally, our model is consistent with the existence of regional asymmetries regarding the prevalence of obesity and NCDs

Involving patients and the public In sTatistIcal Analysis pLans (INITIAL) : A delphi survey

Funding Our project was funded by the MRC/NIHR Trials Methodology Research Partnership grant TMRP/WG/12. Tim P. Morris was funded by MRC grants MC_UU_00004/07 and MC_UU_00004/09. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Acknowledgments We would like to thank all participants that took time to reply to our Delphi survey. We would also like to thank all participants that participated in the consultation process or made suggestions to the accompanying blog. They helped us develop the survey and improve its clarity. We would like to thank Clare Robertson for her helpful support during the Delphi’s survey set-up stage, and Karen Beveridge for her support in the organisation of the study.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Cell wall modifications during fruit ripening: when a fruit is not the fruit

Textural changes that lead to softening of fruits are accompanied by loss of neutral sugars, solubilisation and depolymerisation of the polysaccharides of the cell wall, and rearrangements of their associations, as the result of the combined action of several cell wall-modifying enzymes, acting in both pectic and hemicellulosic fractions. Recent studies on the structure of the plant cell wall have disclosed a large number and type of biochemical linkages between the components. Such linkages are potential targets for enzymatic action and draw attention to the putative involvement of several members of enzymes able to act and modify its structure in a developmental and coordinated way. Extensive work on fruit ripening has been done using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum [Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.]) as a plant model and the information concerning fruits other than model species is fragmented and incomplete. However, recent data from the literature had disclosed that differences exist between fruits, and even between cultivars of the same fruit species. These differences exist in the type and extent of the modification of the polysaccharides of the cell wall and in the expression and regulation of cell wall-modifying enzymes. In addition, genetic manipulation of cell wall-modifying genes re-opened the discussion about the real effect of these enzymes in the cell wall and their role in fruit softening. Moreover, the function of each enzyme has been proposed based on its homology with other annotated sequences, but, in most cases, confirmation of activity in planta and substrate specificity remains to be investigated. This aspect and recognized limitations of the in vitro enzymatic activity assays also need to be considered when discussing their role. This paper provides a critical review on the current knowledge concerning these differences and emphasises the need of using other species and more accurate methodologies to investigate general mechanisms and fruit specificities of softening among different fleshy fruits

Patient and public involvement in numerical aspects of trials : a mixed methods theory-informed survey of trialists’ current practices, barriers and facilitators

Funding: BG was supported to develop this research by the Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund at the University of Aberdeen.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Statistical review of Chloroquine diphosphate in two different dosages as adjunctive therapy of hospitalized patients with severe respiratory syndrome in the context of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection : Preliminary safety results of a randomized, double-blinded, phase IIb clinical trial (CloroCovid-19 Study)

Publisher PD

Statistical review of Hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19 : an open-label, randomized, controlled trial

Publisher PD

Designing greener participant centred trials : an analysis of 'carbon relevant' factors within items that influence participants decisions about trial recruitment and retention

Peer reviewe