Compressional behavior of Persian hand knotted wool carpets using response surface methodology

The effects of knot density, pile height, number of ply in pile yarn and pile yarn twist on compressional behavior (compression and compression recovery) of Persian hand knotted wool carpets has been studied. The influence of variables on compression behavior of carpets has been quantitatively analyzed by using response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design of experiment. The minimum compression occurs with the combination of minimum values of pile height (10 mm), knot density (5 knots/inch) & number of ply in pile yarn (2 ply), and maximum value of pile yarn twist (4.5 twists/inch). However the maximum compression recovery is attained with the combination of minimum values of pile height (10 mm) & pile yarn twist ( 3.5 twists/inch), and maximum values of knot density (7 knots/inch) & number of ply in pile yarn (4 ply)

Elektroliza kroz homogene i nehomogene spojeve izolatora

The basic measurement of the primary state of ionization related to the formation of a non-rectifying contact by the electrolysis of insulating solids under homogeneous and heterogeneous contacts has been carried out. The activation energy involved in the first stage has been found to correlate with the band scheme of energy of contact which is necessary for creating the defect centres towards space charge limited injection.Načinili smo osnovna mjerenja početnog stanja ionizacije pri uspostavljanju neispravljačkog spoja nastalog elektrolizom na dodiru istorodnih ili neistorodnih izolatora. Našli smo da je prvotna aktivacijska energija vezana sa shemom pojaseva energijskih vrpci spoja koji su potrebni za stvaranje defektnih središta blizu ograničene injekcije prostornog naboja

Kinetička svojstva F-centara pod utjecajem topline

The migration of colour clouds after the electron injection in pure and doped KCl and KBr alkali halides under thermal and field stresses is studied with an anode contact of spherical geometry. The diffusion coefficient of the colour clouds has been obtained using a derived analytical expression and the experimental data, and the activation energy of the colour centre was estimated. The dissociation energy values under thermal and field stresses for doped crystals are deduced through the mobility transport equation. The results indicate the effect of doping in an otherwise pure counterpart of the same crystals.Proučavamo premještanje oblaka boje nakon ubacivanja elektrona u čiste i punjene kristale alkalnih halida KCl i KBr, pod djelovanjem topline i električnog polja, uz primjenu kuglaste elektrode. Pomoću izvedene analitičke relacije i mjernih podataka odredili smo koeficijent difuzije oblaka boje i ocijenili aktivacijsku energiju centara boje. Primjenom jednadžbe pokretljivosti izveli smo vrijednosti disocijacijske energije pod toplinskim i električnim naprezanjem za punjene kristale. Podaci pokazuju učinak punjenja u odnosu na čiste kristale

Compressional behavior of Persian hand knotted wool carpets using response surface methodology

399-406The effects of knot density, pile height, number of ply in pile yarn and pile yarn twist on compressional behavior (compression and compression recovery) of Persian hand knotted wool carpets has been studied. The influence of variables on compression behavior of carpets has been quantitatively analyzed by using response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design of experiment. The minimum compression occurs with the combination of minimum values of pile height (10 mm), knot density (5 knots/inch) & number of ply in pile yarn (2 ply), and maximum value of pile yarn twist (4.5 twists/inch). However the maximum compression recovery is attained with the combination of minimum values of pile height (10 mm) & pile yarn twist ( 3.5 twists/inch), and maximum values of knot density (7 knots/inch) & number of ply in pile yarn (4 ply)

Increased levels of interleukin‐10 and IgG3 are hallmarks of Indian Post–kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis

Background. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), an established sequela of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), is proposed to facilitate anthroponotic transmission of VL, especially during interepidemic periods. Immunopathological mechanisms responsible for Indian PKDL are still poorly defined. Methods. Our study attempted to characterize the immune profiles of patients with PKDL or VL relative to that of healthy control subjects by immunophenotyping, intracellular cytokine staining of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serum cytokines and immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses. Results. Patients with PKDL had significantly raised percentages of peripheral CD3+CD8+ cells compared with control subjects, a difference that persisted after cure. Patients with PKDL showed an intact response to phytohemagglutinin, with the percentages of lymphocytes expressing interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and IL-10 being comparable to those in control subjects. Patients with VL had decreased IFN-γ and IL-2 expression, which was restored after cure, and increased IL-10 expression, which persisted after cure. In their response to Leishmania donovani antigen, patients with PKDL showed a 9.6-fold increase in the percentage of IL-10-expressing CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes compared with control subjects, and this percentage decreased with treatment. Patients with PKDL had raised levels of IgG3 and IgG1 (surrogate markers for IL-10), concomitant with increased serum levels of IL-10. Conclusions. IL-10-producing CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes are important protagonists in the immunopathogenesis of Indian PKDL