Rate of Lung Function Decline in People with Cystic Fibrosis Having a Residual Function Gene Mutation

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Approximately 5% of people with CF have residual function (RF) CFTR mutations that result in partially retained CFTR activity. Published literature on disease trajectory among those with RF mutations is limited. In this retrospective study, we characterized lung function decline across different age groups in CFTR modulator-untreated people with CF heterozygous for F508del and an RF mutation (F/RF). Methods: Rate of decline in percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (ppFEV1) was analyzed using data from the US CF Foundation Patient Registry (2006–2014) in F/RF (all), F/RF (excluding R117H), and F508del homozygous (F/F) cohorts. Annual rates of ppFEV1 decline were estimated over 2-year periods based on calendar year. Subgroup analyses by age [6–12 (children), 13–17 (adolescents), 18–24 (young adults), and ≥ 25 years (adults)] were performed. Results: The estimated annualized rate of ppFEV1 decline was − 0.70 percentage points per year (95% CI −1.09, −0.30) in the F/RF (all) cohort (N = 1242) versus −1.91 percentage points per year (95% CI −2.01, −1.80) in the F/F cohort (N = 11,916) [difference, 1.29 percentage points per year (95% CI 0.88, 1.70); P < 0.001]. In the F/RF (all) cohort, all age groups demonstrated lung function decline ranging from −0.30 to −1.38. In the F/RF (excluding R117H) cohort, the rate of decline was −1.05 percentage points per year (95% CI −1.51, −0.60) [difference versus F/F cohort, 0.95 percentage points per year (95% CI 0.48, 1.41; P < 0.001); not statistically significant in children and young adults]. Conclusion: Progressive lung function decline was observed in people with F/RF genotypes across all assessed age groups, reinforcing the importance of early intervention and clinical monitoring to preserve lung function in all people with CF. © 2022, The Author(s).Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

The self-organising clock pattern of Messor pergandei (Formicidae, Myrmicinae)

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Controle químico de arroz vermelho no sistema de preparo do solo por inundação em Santa Catarina Chemical control of red rice for the submerged soil preparation system, in Santa Catarina

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido para se encontrar um método de controle químico do arroz. Os experimentos foram realizados na Região do Baixo Vale do Itajaí, nos anos de 1978 e 1980. Os herbicidas 2,4-D amina, benthiocarb, oxadiazon, metolachlor e alachlor, quando aplicados em quadros inundados e, com 13 e 15 dias de antecedência à semeadura do aroz cultivado, apresentaram controle de arroz vermelho acima de 75% e controle total das plantas daninhas comuns da área. A população do arroz cultivado não foi afetada com a aplicação desses herbicidas. As produções alcançadas, com a aplicação desses herbicidas foi variável e dependia do nível de infestação de arroz vermelho e das outras plantas daninhas.<br>To study the efficiency of the chemical method for red rice control three field experi ments were carried out at Low Itajai Valley in the years 1978 and 1980. The herbicides 2,4-D amine, benthiocarb, oxadiazon, metolachlor, and alachlor were applied on submerged fields, 13 to 15 days before the seeding of the cultivated rice. The control cf red rice was over 75 % and total for the other common weeds with the herbicides. None of the herbicides caused any damage to the cultivated rice. The yields for rice were depending on the level of red rice and other weeds infestation

Challenges in periprosthetic knee-joint infection

The number of knee arthroplasty procedures is growing and projected to further increase. The risk for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is estimated to be low (>1%). However, considering the increasing number of total knee arthroplasty, the increasing number of patients with multiple comorbidities, and the lifelong risk for acquiring hematogenous infection, the total number of PJI will further increase. Despite existing treatment concepts for PJI of the knee, there are still questions to solve, such as type of debridement surgery in case of implant retention, the role of a spacer from a microbiological perspective, and the optimal duration of antimicrobial therapy. In this REVIEW, these questions will be analyzed according to the available literature and the experience of the authors. Moreover, we REVIEW the most recent data on infection, risk factors, and microbiology of PJI