Antibiotics Stimulating or Inhibiting Germination and Growth of Rice

This report is concerned with the effect of antibiotics on germination and translocation of native chemicals in the laboratory and on the plant\u27s reaction to certain antibiotics used as soil drenches under greenhouse conditions. The seeds treated with antibiotics active against Gram positive organisms were deficient in both carbohydrates and proteins. The seeds treated with antibiotics active against Cram negative organisms had a delayed germination but a normal physiological development. Streptomycin had the most adverse effect on translocation but stimulated germination. Analysis of variance of germination indicated that seed germination was dependent upon the antibiotic used. The analysis for the translocation resulted in the means being significantly different. No adverse effects, caused by the soil treatment, were noted for germination. Neomycin, penicillin, and streptomycin appear to stimulate germination; tyrothricin and polymyxin inhibit germination the first week but by the second week have a higher germination percentage than the control. Streptomycin, polymyxin and neomycin drenches have the most beneficial effect on the growth of Nato, Magnolia, and Upland varieties. A trigger agent is apparently released which stimulates growth from the first week until termination of the experiment. The three antibiotics inhibit the growth of Blue bonnet

Propylene Oxide Sterilization of Media Containing Bacterial Populations

Propylene oxide sterilization of media containing soil bacterial populations occurred after 11 hours exposure in a closed system. Population reaction to the sterilant was characterized by inhibition intervals in the sterilization process. These stages represent minimal survival rates of 70%, 40%, and 7% respectively. A sterilization threshold (less than 1% survivors) occurred between 8-10 hours. Homogenous populations of Bacillus subtilis showed survival values in the first inhibition interval until the 4th hour. Lethality was noted at the 5th hour of exposure and other stages observed in heterogeneous populations did not occur

Exotic Food from Fermented Milk

Whether prepared or bought at the market, yogurt is a dairy product made from milk -- cow, mare, sow, goat, buffalo, etc. Bacteria cultures of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus are added to the milk with the result that the milk sugar is split into lactic acid. The casein, lactalbumin and milk proteins are broken down into peptones and amino acids. Finished yogurt has about 200,000,000 bacteria per ml and is rich in the vitamin B complex. Yogurt making is a manifestation of microbial ecology

Experimentally Induced Mammary Tumors in Swiss Mice with Cephalobus (Nematoda Cephalobidae)

Mammary tumors developed when 7-month-old Swiss-Webster female mice were subcutaneously injected with nematodes in the dorsal frontal area of mammary tissue. Reactions observed were loss of vibrissae (47%), development of tumors (24%) and death (10%). Loss of vibrissae occurred within 1 or 2 weeks after the third injection. Tumors developed between the seventh and tenth week. No animal developed multiple tumors involving different regions of the body nor did spontaneous tumor regression occur

Ethanol precipitates of Cephalobus sp. (Nematoda: Cephalobidae) inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus pyogenes var. aureus

Dried ethanol precipitates prepared from nematodes incubated for 7, 8, 15, 21 and 22 days produced significant inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus. The 7 and 15 day precipitates showed a linear increase in inhibition. Microscopic observation indicated that plates incubated for 8, 15, and 20 days had the greatest fraction of molting nematodes. Molting was correlated with inhibition

Sheath and Cellular Irregularities of Sphaerotilus natans Caused by Ferric Ammonium Citrate and Glucose

Growth in citrate broth was turbid, rusty brown in color with some slime formation. The glucose broth had a milky white color with pronounced slime accumulation. Cells grown on the citrate medium were uniformly spaced within the sheath and ranged from 1 to 4 μ in length and 1 to 2 μ in width. The sheath was uniform in shape and ranged from 2.0 to 2.5 μ in width in young cultures. Sheath irregularities began to appear by the third day and were the greatest, 1 to 12 μ, by the fifth day when they gave the appearance of disintegrating. Cells grown on the glucose medium had clear intracellular structures and ranged from 2.5 to 6.0 μ in length, 1.0 to 2.5 μ in width with the sheath ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 μ

Media Sterilization With Propylene Oxide

Sterilization of potato dextrose agar against bacteria air contaminants occurs during the 6th hour of exposure and against fungi in the 4th hour. The fungicidal activity was broader than the bactericidal activity of propylene oxide. Direct application of propylene oxide to Petri plates containing PDA was ineffective. With plastic plates a chemical reaction took place between the chemical and the plastic. In a closed system sterilization of the plates and medium was accomplished at approximately 1.25 ml of propylene oxide per liter of volume. The addition of propylene oxide directly to nutrient broth effected 90% sterility under certain conditions

July 1965

Massachusetts Turf and Lawn Grass CouncilBetter Turf Through Research and Educatio

Relation of Income and Education Level with Cardiorespiratory Fitness

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(3): 265-276, 2015. While there is strong evidence measuring the association between leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and socioeconomic status (SES) there are limited data on the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and SES. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine differences in CRF and LTPA between household income and individual education in young adults. A sample of 171 (males n=98, female n=73) young adults participated in the University of Pittsburgh-Physical Activity Study. Participants completed CRF testing. Demographic characteristics were assessed via interviewer administered standardized survey and LTPA was assessed using the interviewer administered Modifiable Activity Questionnaire. Participants were grouped by income and education level. Analysis of variance and general linear modeling was used to compare LTPA and CRF between groups. There were no differences in CRF between income levels (p=0.126) or education levels (p=0.990) for the total sample. There were no differences in LTPA between income levels (p=0.936) or education level (p=0.182) for the total sample. Results suggest that neither income nor education levels are indicators of CRF in this sample of young adults. Other environmental, sociological, or familial health mediators may have a strong effect on CRF in young adult males and females

Taking Ownership: Our Pledge to Educate All of Detroit's Children

Excellent Schools Detroit represents a broad and diverse cross section of Detroit's education, government, civic and community, parent, organized labor, and philanthropic leaders who are committed to ensuring that all Detroit children receive the great education they deserve. This citywide education plan reflects months of discussions and deliberations by coalition members, as well as a series of six community meetings in November and December, youth focus groups, small group discussions with multiple stakeholders, and other outreach efforts. We appreciate the thoughtful recommendations from the many Detroiters who are as passionate as we are about the need to prepare all students for college, careers, and life in the 21st century