Intenzivni uzgoj šarana (5-10t/ha/god) baziran na praktičnom iskustvu G20 ribnjaka u Sloveniji

Unatoč činjenici, da je šaran odavno prepoznat kao vrsta izuzetno pogodna za uzgojne uvjete, danas se većina svjetske proizvodnje šarana pridobiva ekstenzivnim ili poluintenzivnim uzgojem. Temelji tehnologije intenzivnog uzgoja šarana su postavljeni prije pola stoljeća u Japanu i Izraelu te su pridobivene spoznaje danas opće poznate i dostupne svima. U Evropi vrlo malo ribnjačartsva uzgaja šarana na intenzivan način što uvjetuje pomanjkanju praktičnih iskustava na tom području. Većina velikih uzgajivača šarana ne vjeruje u intenzivan uzgoj šarana zbog negativnih i nepravilnih predrasuda vezanih na ekonomičnost intenzivnog uzgoja, kvalitetu šaranskom mesa pridobivenog u intenzivnim uvjetima, problematiku zdravstvenog stanja šarana u intenzivnom uzgoju, itd. Na našem obiteljskom ribnjačarstvu (tvrtka G2O d.o.o.) uzgajamo šarana na intenzivan način zadnjih 7 godina te je ta tehnologija dio naše svakidašnje prakse. U prosjeku dostižemo godišnju proizvodnju dvogodišnjeg šarana (prosječne težine od 1,5-3 kg) i jednogodišnjeg mlađa (prosječne težine 100-200 g) skupne biomase u količini od 5-10 t/h. Raspolažemo sa manjih uzgojnim ribnjacima (prosječnih površina od 0,2-0,8 ha) koje punimo jednom godišnje te ih nadopunjavamo samo za nadoknađivanje isparene vode. Prije uzgojne sezone ribnjaci se presušuju tijekom cijele zime. Sredinom mjeseca travnja nasađujemo uzgojne ribnjake sa jednogodišnjom mlađi u količini 300-600 kg/ha. U lipnju vršimo drugo nasađivanje sa mjesečnjacima šarana u količino od 10 000 – 20 000 kom/ha. Korištenje mješovitog nasada omogućava višu konverziju hrane i izbjegavanje visoke biomase riba u mjesecima, kada je mogućnost pada koncentracije kisika visoka (od sredine lipnja do sredine kolovoza). Tehnologija intenzivnog uzgoja šarana se u našem slučaju temelji na hranjenju sa extrudiranom hranom (31 % bjelančevina, 9 % masti), prozračivanju vode te stalnom monitoringu. Hranjenje riba se vrši 3 puta na dan uz pomoć automatskih hranilica u količini od 3 % skupne mase riba. U prosjeku iznosi konverzija hrane 1-1,3. Prozračivanje se vrši uglavnom noću te se koncentracija kisika u vodi održava iznad 3 mg O2/l vode. Prozračivanjem nastojimo postići osim prozračivanja vode i destratifikaciju ribnjaka te dovođenje kisika u bentos ribnjaka. Na taj način se omogućava iskorištavanje otpadnih produkata metabolizma ribe u ciklusu otpadni produkti – fitoplankton – zooplankton – šaran. Kvaliteta mesa šarana uzgojenih na intenzivan način je visoka, zbog kvalitetnog režima hranjenja, dobre kvalitete vode te postizanja konzumne veličine u dvogodišnjem uzgoju (prije postizanja spolne zrelosti šarana). Šarani nemaju nikakvog nepoželjnog mirisa te su pogodni za konzumiranje tijekom cijele godine. Intenzivan način uzgoja šarana omogućava: ekonomski visoku iskoristivost uzgojne površine, postizanje konzumne mase šarana u dvogodišnjem uzgoju te visoku kvalitetu mesa šarana

Neural mechanisms of emotional regulation and decision making

Emotions influence our perception and decision making. It is of great importance to understand the neurophysiology behind these processes as they influence human core functions. Moreover, knowledge within this field is required in order to develop new medical therapies for pathological conditions that involve dysregulation of emotions. In this thesis the neural mechanisms of emotional regulation and decision making were investigated using different pharmacological manipulations and brain imaging. In Study I, we examined whether a CCKb-receptor and a mu-opioid receptor agonist could modulate emotional perception of visual stimuli in opposite directions. In Study II and III, we examined if amygdala, a subcortical structure involved in emotional coding, was involved in social punishment and neural processing of unfairness. The participants played an economic game that examined their proneness to hand out social punishment and their processing of unfairness. Prior to the game, participants had been treated with either an active drug (oxazepam or madopark) or placebo. With this intervention we could manipulate the participants’ behavior and brain activity. Lastly, in Study IV we investigated neural mechanisms of hypothetical bias; that is, the difference between a real decision versus a hypothetical decision. In summary we found, in Study I, that the CCK-opioid system can modulate emotional visual perception in opposite directions. In Study II we demonstrate that amygdala is involved in social punishment and neural processing of unfairness. The degree to which participants gave out social punishment was suppressed with oxazepam without affecting the participants’ perception of unfairness. In Study III we noted that madopark increased amygdala activity in response to unfairness without detectable changes in behavior. In Study IV, we showed that real decisions, in comparison to hypothetical decisions, involve amygdala processing and amygdala activity co-varies positively with the real cost for the participants. In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates that specific neuromodulatory systems participate in emotional regulation and decision making. Our findings also prompt an ethical discussion as we show that a commonly used drug influences core functions in the human brain that underlie individual autonomy and decision makin

Electrical impedance tomography as ventilation monitoring in ICU patients

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT), as a monitoring tool of regional lung ventilation, is radiation-free imaging with high temporal resolution. Te most important purpose of EIT is to visualize the distribution of tidal volume in diferent lung regions especially between dependent (dorsal in supine patients) and non-dependent (ventral in supine patients) regions. Many clinical studies evaluated the applicability of PulmoVista® 500 (Dräger Medical GmbH, Lübeck, Germany) and similar EIT devices in estimating optimal PEEP afer recruitment maneuvers (RM) in lung healthy patients and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), ventilation distribution in cystic fbrosis, COPB, pneumonia and respiratory diseases syndrome in infants

Electrical impedance tomography as ventilation monitoring in ICU patients

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT), as a monitoring tool of regional lung ventilation, is radiation-free imaging with high temporal resolution. Te most important purpose of EIT is to visualize the distribution of tidal volume in diferent lung regions especially between dependent (dorsal in supine patients) and non-dependent (ventral in supine patients) regions. Many clinical studies evaluated the applicability of PulmoVista® 500 (Dräger Medical GmbH, Lübeck, Germany) and similar EIT devices in estimating optimal PEEP afer recruitment maneuvers (RM) in lung healthy patients and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), ventilation distribution in cystic fbrosis, COPB, pneumonia and respiratory diseases syndrome in infants

The Presampler for the Forward and Rear Calorimeter in the ZEUS Detector

The ZEUS detector at HERA has been supplemented with a presampler detector in front of the forward and rear calorimeters. It consists of a segmented scintillator array read out with wavelength-shifting fibers. We discuss its desi gn, construction and performance. Test beam data obtained with a prototype presampler and the ZEUS prototype calorimeter demonstrate the main function of this detector, i.e. the correction for the energy lost by an electron interacting in inactive material in front of the calorimeter.Comment: 20 pages including 16 figure

Effects of allergic diseases and age on the composition of serum IgG glycome in children

Acknowledgements Glycan analysis was partly supported by European Commission GlycoBioM (contract #259869), IBD-BIOM (contract #305479), HighGlycan (contract #278535), MIMOmics (contract #305280), HTP-GlycoMet (contract #324400) and IntegraLife (contract #315997) grants. The SEATON cohort was partly funded by the UK Medical Research Council (contract #80219) and Asthma UK (contract #00/011 and 02/017) grants.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Limbic Justice—Amygdala Involvement in Immediate Rejection in the Ultimatum Game

Imaging studies have revealed a putative neural account of emotional bias in decision making. However, it has been difficult in previous studies to identify the causal role of the different sub-regions involved in decision making. The Ultimatum Game (UG) is a game to study the punishment of norm-violating behavior. In a previous influential paper on UG it was suggested that frontal insular cortex has a pivotal role in the rejection response. This view has not been reconciled with a vast literature that attributes a crucial role in emotional decision making to a subcortical structure (i.e., amygdala). In this study we propose an anatomy-informed model that may join these views. We also present a design that detects the functional anatomical response to unfair proposals in a subcortical network that mediates rapid reactive responses. We used a functional MRI paradigm to study the early components of decision making and challenged our paradigm with the introduction of a pharmacological intervention to perturb the elicited behavioral and neural response. Benzodiazepine treatment decreased the rejection rate (from 37.6% to 19.0%) concomitantly with a diminished amygdala response to unfair proposals, and this in spite of an unchanged feeling of unfairness and unchanged insular response. In the control group, rejection was directly linked to an increase in amygdala activity. These results allow a functional anatomical detection of the early neural components of rejection associated with the initial reactive emotional response. Thus, the act of immediate rejection seems to be mediated by the limbic system and is not solely driven by cortical processes, as previously suggested. Our results also prompt an ethical discussion as we demonstrated that a commonly used drug influences core functions in the human brain that underlie individual autonomy and economic decision making

Attract and retain Generation Z in the white-collar business sector. : How to attract and retain Generation Z in the white-collar business sector?

Problem  Following the expanded competition when it comes to attraction and retention of skilled workers, hence white-collar workers, organizations need to better adapt to the rapid changes in the labor market. Due to the lack of knowledge about the recent Generation Z and their perceptions and values regarding work, the Person-Organization (P-O) fit has been applied in order to gain a deeper knowledge of what attracts and retains individuals of Generation Z, in order for companies to better meet their needs.   Purpose Due to the lack of research done on Generation Z, the purpose of this study is to gain a greater understanding of the values and perceptions of Generation Z and how they operate in the white-collar business sector. Moreover, this creates a greater insight for organizations in order to help them better target the right talent pool and gain a greater understanding of Generation Z that has come to change the labor market.   Method In order to gain a greater knowledge and insight about Generation Z, a qualitative study has been performed to better understand the perception of this Generation. In-depth interviews have been conducted with Generation Z that have or are currently operating in the white-collar business sector in order to meet the purpose of this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in order to allow for a fruitful discussion of their values and perceptions and the likely impacts they consider when joining an organization.   Conclusion Generation Z indicated that certain aspects are to consider in the decision-making process of applying or taking a job. Indeed, their own values, beliefs and work-personal life matter to a great extent and is to be matched with the company. This study comes to the result of six determined factors influencing this decision-making process: small enterprises, flexibility trust and freedom, work/private life environmental factors, organizations values/ethics, do what they love, digital natives