1 research outputs found
SzĆlĆmƱvelĂ©s Ă©s borkereskedelem a 16-19. szĂĄzadban = Viticulture and wine-trade in 16th-19th centuries
1) Az Ă©rmellĂ©ki Ă©s a bihari szĆlĆtermelĂ©sben nemcsak az extraneus birtoklĂĄs fontossĂĄgĂĄra derĂŒlt fĂ©ny, de arra is, hogy e vidĂ©kek a 18. szĂĄzadban olyan termelĂ©si lehetĆsĂ©get teremtettek, amelyek a lakossĂĄg gyarapodĂĄsĂĄt segĂtettĂ©k elĆ. NagyvĂĄradon, s SzĂ©kelyhĂd, DiĂłszeg Ă©s Margitta mezĆvĂĄrosokban a szĆlĆ mĂłdosĂtĂł szerepet jĂĄtszott a tĂĄrsadalom szerkezetĂ©ben is. 2) Tokaj-Hegyalja szĆlĆtermelĂ©sĂ©vel kapcsolatban bizonyĂtottuk, hogy a szĆlĆtermelĂ©s mĂĄr a 16. szĂĄzad elĆtt is nagy szerepet jĂĄtszott a tĂĄj Ă©letĂ©ben, amikor a hegyaljai bor mĂ©g nem volt orszĂĄgos hĂrƱ. A monogrĂĄfia rĂ©vĂ©n összehasonlĂthatĂłvĂĄ vĂĄlt a megyei Ă©s a hegyaljai nemessĂ©g Ă©s parasztsĂĄg tĂĄrsadalmi helyzete. Ăj eredmĂ©nyek szĂŒlettek a tokaji bor lengyelorszĂĄgi exportjĂĄval Ă©s a kivitel ĂștvonalĂĄval kapcsolatban is. A bortermelĂ©s 19. szĂĄzadi vĂĄlsĂĄga következmĂ©nyeit, a korĂĄbban gazdag mezĆvĂĄrosok elszegĂ©nyedĂ©sĂ©nek folyamatĂĄt is elĆször igazoltĂĄk a kutatĂĄsok. 3) Az erdĂ©lyi szĆlĆtermelĂ©s törtĂ©netĂ©ben nyilvĂĄnvalĂłvĂĄ vĂĄlt, hogy a kolozsvĂĄri polgĂĄrok szĂĄmĂĄra a szĆlĆ ugyanolyan fontos volt, mint a nagyvĂĄradiak, vagy a hegyaljaiak szĂĄmĂĄra. Az erdĂ©lyi CsĂĄkyak esetĂ©ben bebizonyosodott, hogy birtokaikon ösztönöztĂ©k a szĆlĆtermelĂ©st. A Kelet-MagyarorszĂĄgon Ă©s ErdĂ©lyben is sĂșlyos kĂĄrokat okozĂł filoxĂ©ra vĂ©sz hatĂĄsĂĄt is feltĂĄrta a kutatĂĄs. 4) ĂsszehasonlĂtĂł adatokat közlĂŒnk az EurĂłpĂĄban vezetĆ szerepet jĂĄtszĂł francia bortermelĂ©srĆl, s eloszlattuk Haraszthy Ăgoston Ă©letĂștjĂĄnak âlegendĂĄitâ is. | New results of the research group: 1) we shed light on the importance of extraneus possession in the ĂrmellĂ©k and Bihar viticulture and the fact that in the 18th c. these regions â though they did not develop into monocultural vine-lands like Tokaj-Hegyalja â brought forward production possibilities that enhanced a population growth. In NagyvĂĄrad and the market towns SzĂ©kelyhĂd, DiĂłszeg and Margitta vine played a modifying role in the social structure. 2) In the Tokaj-Hegyalja region it has been proved that viniculture had already been shaping the landscape before the 16th c. when the Hegyalja wine had not yet been famous on a nation-wide level. We made a comparative analysis of the social circumstances of Bihar County and Hegyalja nobility and peasantry. New results have been reached concerning the export and transport route of Tokaj wine to Poland. The consequences of the 19th-c. wine-growing crisis and the impoverishment of the one-time rich market towns have first been justified. 3) As regards Transylvanian viticulture, it turned out that vine was as important for KolozsvĂĄr burghers as for their NagyvĂĄrad and Hegyalja counterparts. The Transylvanian CsĂĄky family urged vine-growing by introducing new allodial vine-plants and supporting peasant vine-yards. The influences of the vine-pest causing great damage in Eastern Hungary and Transylvania have been seen. 4) We have earned comparative results on French viticulture and the life of Ăgoston Haraszty has been researched