ДИНАМИКА ЛЬГОТНОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ГРАЖДАН АНТИГИПЕРТЕНЗИВНЫМИ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫМИ ПРЕПАРАТАМИ ЗА СЧЕТ ОБЛАСТНОГО БЮДЖЕТА

In Yaroslavl region the death rate and physical inability indicators caused by cardiovascular diseases (including an arterial hypertension) take a leading place and exceed average indicators in Russia. For effective preventive maintenance and treatment of the given pathology maintenance of all categories needing necessary medical products is very significant. In the conditions of refusal of the most part of the population of the free medicinal help according to Federal Law №178-ФЗ from 7/17/1999 the increasing loading on medicinal maintenance lays down on the regional budget. The analysis of dynamics of maintenance sick of an arterial hypertension at the expense of the regional budget for 2008-2011 has revealed expansion of structure of assortment according to the modern recommendations, essential increase in quantity and cost released antihypertensive drugs that are caused by decrease in average costof one prescription.В Ярославской области показатели смертности и инвалидности, обусловленные заболеваниями системы кровообращения (включая артериальную гипертонию) занимают ведущее место и превышают среднероссийские показатели. Для эффективной профилактики и лечения данной патологии необходимо обеспечение всех категорий нуждающихся необходимыми лекарственными препаратами. В условиях отказа большой части населения от бесплатной лекарственной помощи, в соответствии с ФЗ №178-ФЗ от 17.07.1999, все большая нагрузка по лекарственному обеспечению ложится на региональный бюджет. Анализ динамики обеспечения больных артериальной гипертонией за счет областного бюджета за 2008-2011 г. выявил расширение структурыассортимента в соответствии с современными рекомендациями, существенное увеличение количества и стоимости отпущенных антигипертензивных лекарственных препаратов, что обусловлено снижением средней стоимости одного рецепта

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПРОЦЕССА СОВМЕЩЕННОГО ЛИТЬЯ-ПРЕССОВАНИЯ ПРИ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИИ АЛЮМИНИЕВОЙ ПРОВОЛОКИ ДЛЯ ПАЙКИ ВОЛНОВОДОВ

The study covers technical and technological features of a scheme for wire production from casting aluminum alloys designed for waveguide soldering using combined continuous non-ferrous metal die-casting. Dependencies were found that necessary and sufficient for the design of equipment structural elements and process modes ensuring conditions for a stable process of continuous molten metal feeding into the pass of the laboratory plant rotary crystallizer, metal solidification and extrusion into a die hole, the same as per Conform process. The cross section of a batcher hole for feeding molten metal into the crystallizer wheel pass was calculated. Conditions for ∅3 mm workpiece manufacturing at a laboratory continuous die-casting plant were described, with its subsequent processing to finite size by section rolling and drawing combined with intermediate annealing. A pilot batch of round and square wire made of AK12C10 and AK12C15 alloys in the amount of 3 kg was manufactured under this scheme and transferred to JSC «ISS» named after Academician M.F. Reshetnev for industrial tests in waveguide soldering.Рассмотрены технические и технологические особенности схемы получения проволоки из литейных алюминиевых сплавов, предназначенной для пайки волноводов, с использованием процесса совмещенного непрерывного литья-прессования цветных металлов. Установлены зависимости, необходимые и достаточные для проектирования конструктивных элементов оборудования и технологических режимов, обеспечивающих реализацию условий для стабильного протекания процессов непрерывной подачи расплава металла в ручей карусельного кристаллизатора лабораторной установки, его затвердевания и экструдирования в отверстие матрицы так же, как в технологии Conform. Рассчитана величина поперечного сечения отверстия в дозаторе подачи расплава металла в ручей колеса-кристаллизатора. Приведено описание режимов получения на лабораторной установке непрерывного литья-прессования заготовки диаметром 3 мм и последующей ее обработки сортовой прокаткой и волочением в сочетании с промежуточными отжигами до конечных размеров. По этой схеме из сплавов АК12Ц10 и АК12Ц15 была изготовлена опытная партия круглой и квадратной проволоки в количестве 3 кг и передана предприятию АО «ИСС» им. акад. М.Ф. Решетнева для промышленных испытаний при пайке волноводов

Testing the Growth Rate Hypothesis in Vascular Plants with Above- and Below-Ground Biomass

The growth rate hypothesis (GRH) proposes that higher growth rate (the rate of change in biomass per unit biomass, μ) is associated with higher P concentration and lower C∶P and N∶P ratios. However, the applicability of the GRH to vascular plants is not well-studied and few studies have been done on belowground biomass. Here we showed that, for aboveground, belowground and total biomass of three study species, μ was positively correlated with N∶C under N limitation and positively correlated with P∶C under P limitation. However, the N∶P ratio was a unimodal function of μ, increasing for small values of μ, reaching a maximum, and then decreasing. The range of variations in μ was positively correlated with variation in C∶N∶P stoichiometry. Furthermore, μ and C∶N∶P ranges for aboveground biomass were negatively correlated with those for belowground. Our results confirm the well-known association of growth rate with tissue concentration of the limiting nutrient and provide empirical support for recent theoretical formulations

Status of Biodiversity in the Baltic Sea

The brackish Baltic Sea hosts species of various origins and environmental tolerances. These immigrated to the sea 10,000 to 15,000 years ago or have been introduced to the area over the relatively recent history of the system. The Baltic Sea has only one known endemic species. While information on some abiotic parameters extends back as long as five centuries and first quantitative snapshot data on biota (on exploited fish populations) originate generally from the same time, international coordination of research began in the early twentieth century. Continuous, annual Baltic Sea-wide long-term datasets on several organism groups (plankton, benthos, fish) are generally available since the mid-1950s. Based on a variety of available data sources (published papers, reports, grey literature, unpublished data), the Baltic Sea, incl. Kattegat, hosts altogether at least 6,065 species, including at least 1,700 phytoplankton, 442 phytobenthos, at least 1,199 zooplankton, at least 569 meiozoobenthos, 1,476 macrozoobenthos, at least 380 vertebrate parasites, about 200 fish, 3 seal, and 83 bird species. In general, but not in all organism groups, high sub-regional total species richness is associated with elevated salinity. Although in comparison with fully marine areas the Baltic Sea supports fewer species, several facets of the system's diversity remain underexplored to this day, such as micro-organisms, foraminiferans, meiobenthos and parasites. In the future, climate change and its interactions with multiple anthropogenic forcings are likely to have major impacts on the Baltic biodiversity

The using pilotless vehicle pictures for urban ecosystem soil-vegetable cover ecological condition estimating

A soil-environmental analysis of the urbanized ecosystem represented by the key site “Kurilovo” in New Moscow has been made using the images obtained by pilotless air-craft and modern GIS-technologies. In the course of this study the decoding of remote materials and field soil survey were conducted to describe the vegetation and soils; the geochemical analysis of soil samples was made with the aim at compiling an electronic ecological map of the area under study. These studies allowed us to specify the boundaries of the key area, to evaluate the vegetation and soil status in forests, residential and industrial areas as well as to identify the areas covered by contaminated soils

DYNAMICS OF PREFERENTIAL MAINTENANCE OF CITIZENS WITH ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS AT THE EXPENSE OF THE REGIONAL BUDGET

In Yaroslavl region the death rate and physical inability indicators caused by cardiovascular diseases (including an arterial hypertension) take a leading place and exceed average indicators in Russia. For effective preventive maintenance and treatment of the given pathology maintenance of all categories needing necessary medical products is very significant. In the conditions of refusal of the most part of the population of the free medicinal help according to Federal Law №178-ФЗ from 7/17/1999 the increasing loading on medicinal maintenance lays down on the regional budget. The analysis of dynamics of maintenance sick of an arterial hypertension at the expense of the regional budget for 2008-2011 has revealed expansion of structure of assortment according to the modern recommendations, essential increase in quantity and cost released antihypertensive drugs that are caused by decrease in average costof one prescription

Pharmacoeconomic analysis of clinical efficiency of combined metformin (Siofor) - insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Aim. To assess expedience of metformin combination with long-acting insulin, determine optimal doses of metformin for patients with type 2 diabetesmellitus (DM2), and accomplish pharmacoeconomic analysis of clinical efficiency of various therapeutic modalities. Materials and methods. Patients with decompensated DM2 (n=126) were under observation for 1 year during which they received rational hypoglycemictherapy with metformin and long-acting insulin (LAI) at bedtime, with the dose being titrated until the desired level of glycemic control wasachieved. The patients were randomly allocated to the following 3 groups: group 1 (sulponylurea derivatives (SUD), LAI, and metformin at a doseof 1000 mg b.i.d.), group 2 (SUD, LAI, and metformin at 500 mg b.i.d.), group 3 (SUD and LAI). In case of postprandial glycemia >9 mmol/l at amaximum dose of SUD, it was replaced by short-acting insulin. Cost-effectiveness analysis of different therapeutic regimes was performed. Results. The cost of examination and treatment of patients given SUD and LAI in combination with metformin at a daily dose of 2000 mg to achievethe desired quality of glycemic control was lower compared with two other groups. Moreover, this therapy was most efficacious and ensured the desiredlevel of glycemic control in a greater number of patients. Cost-effectiveness analysis confirmed advantages of this treatment. Conclusion. Combined hypoglycemic therapy with SUD, LAI, and metformin (200 mg daily) has the advantage of lowest cost and maximum efficiencycompared with other modalities